Employment prospect of graduate students majoring in machinery

Graduate students majoring in mechanical engineering have a wide range of employment options. From the perspective of employment units, there are large manufacturing enterprises, medium-sized enterprises and small enterprises. However, the number of well-known enterprises is limited and the competition is fierce. So, how should graduates choose the enterprise that suits them? This is a topic worth discussing. The ideal starting point of employment is to achieve a win-win situation for enterprises and individuals. From a personal point of view, large state-owned enterprises are a good choice if they pursue stability, have little pressure, or want to embark on a career. Most state-owned enterprises work at a slow pace. If small and medium-sized enterprises pursue faster development and greater development space, they can consider it. Small and medium-sized enterprises are mixed, ranging from outstanding entrepreneurs with long-term vision to small bosses with short-term interests. So how to judge? We can learn about enterprises from the following aspects: Internet search. The network information is very rich. Before entering a company, you can search the relevant information of the company online and have a preliminary impression of the company. For example, some large automobile enterprises have perfect network construction, and actively promote publicity under the premise of their own construction and development, so that more people can see the information of enterprises and understand the business of enterprises in all corners of the world, and also provide many opportunities for job seekers to actively understand enterprises. However, the information on the network is inevitably exaggerated, distorted and even tampered with. Graduates must start from all aspects and have a comprehensive and in-depth understanding. Understand the importance enterprises attach to research and development. The emphasis on R&D department also reflects the development potential of this enterprise. Enterprises without R&D departments will be eliminated sooner or later. As we all know, Baosteel is an enterprise that attaches great importance to R&D and independent innovation. Baosteel has an average of two patents every day. All this is due to Baosteel's emphasis on R&D department, and such enterprises have made great progress. The autonomy of enterprises. Whether an enterprise has autonomy mainly depends on whether it has its own core or innovative things. If it is only simple processing, the profit is generally low. For example, the core business of some enterprises is machinery manufacturing, mainly producing large machinery; Some enterprises mainly focus on the circulation of agricultural machinery, specializing in the development and production of agricultural machinery products, introduction and promotion, sales agents, franchising and other businesses. No matter what kind of enterprise, this enterprise should have its own core competitiveness. Those enterprises that do everything are not necessarily good at everything. Inexperienced graduates must be clear, so as not to be unable to exert their expertise after entering the enterprise and waste the valuable professional knowledge they learned during their postgraduate studies. No matter what type of enterprise you choose, you should constantly improve your technical level and pay attention to accumulating practical experience. Only by accumulating to a certain extent can we reach a certain height in technology. Even enterprises that don't focus on technology need rich field experience if they want to move from technology to management, such as project management, production management and manufacturing informatization, which is what graduates lack most when they first enter the industry. Therefore, as long as graduates have passed the on-site operation, accumulated certain practical experience and reached a certain technical height, they can be comfortable in any type of enterprise. The employment direction has its own emphasis.

Mechanical specialty has penetrated into many industries, and the employment direction is varied. In addition to teaching and marketing, there are also common production directors, logistics management, equipment management, quality management, project management, electromechanical product development, mechanical product development, hydraulic product development, instrument development, weapon development, automobile industry, environmental protection equipment development, mine equipment design, mold design and manufacturing, mechanical manufacturing technicians, numerical control engineers and so on.

The general price of graduate students majoring in mechanical engineering is 2500~5000 yuan/month. In many industries, outsiders don't look decent enough, but once they reach the expert level, the treatment is quite attractive. Such as equipment maintenance, numerical control maintenance, environmental protection equipment design, etc. The income of engineers in these areas is very high, and some even earn more than 300 thousand yuan a year. There are also some industries, involving interdisciplinary subjects, which require all kinds of knowledge and are well paid.

Here is a brief introduction to some popular employment directions in the machinery industry:

Numerical control direction

Numerical control, the so-called mechatronics, contains many research contents, such as turning, milling, planing, grinding, machining center, EDM, wire cutting and so on. This direction focuses on experience, and graduates should seize every opportunity to practice, preferably in grass-roots workshops. In the process of practice, we can learn a lot, including design principles and various application software. Numerical control is very popular in recent years, and the employment prospect is quite good. The Pearl River Delta region lacks such senior technicians most. Shenzhen and Kunshan are ideal places, and the monthly salary of graduate students is generally more than 4,000 yuan.

Employment equipment: analyze drawings, process, determine NC machining paths and tools, prepare fixtures, and prepare NC machining programs and machining. And of course, automatic programming. Commonly used automatic programming software includes Mastercam, UG, Pro/E, etc. Mastercam is used less and less at present, and UG and Pro/E are the mainstream learning software. UG is difficult to learn well in a short time, and it takes about a year to master it completely. In addition, you must understand finite element analysis. In this respect, the books compiled by Peking University are very good, but only V 18.0, and NX2.0 is popular now, which is more convenient to use than the former.

Mould processing direction

Nowadays, molds are becoming more and more complicated, and mold processing is a promising technical activity, and highly skilled designers are worth millions. At present, the domestic mold processing industry is mainly concentrated in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and the main destinations are large and medium-sized machinery spare parts manufacturers and the company's mold design factories. About 60% ~ 70% of mold graduates are employed in the following positions: ① mold processing and production organization; (2) NC programming of mould; ③ Three-dimensional design of the mould; ④ Three-dimensional design of product development. If you want to become a high-level mold designer, you can choose to go to the workshop for internships such as technology and mold processing. It is suggested to try to do some reverse engineering in school. Before looking for a job, there are several achievements that may add weight to successful employment. Employment equipment: Advanced mathematics and Matlab are very helpful for mold design, especially for reverse engineering and complex design. Stamping die, injection molding, extrusion and other professional textbooks can be seen. In addition, we should be proficient in using commonly used 3D processing software AutoCAD, UG, Pro/E, Solidworks, Solidedge, Catia, etc.

Other technical directions

Other technical fields include production management, logistics management, equipment management, quality management, project management, product development, automobile industry, mechanical manufacturing technical experts and numerical control engineers. Employment equipment: Computers should at least master AutoCAD, 3D software and Office and other commonly used software. We should also learn how to read and draw pictures, because this is the language of engineers. In addition, pay more attention to books on project management and 6δ quality management. If you have the conditions, you can participate in the certification training of ISO system series. Some schools have begun to hold ISO internal auditor certification training courses. This exam requires little investment. You only need to take it once, and then you can receive a certain period of follow-up training every year for life. We should pay more attention to production management, production planning and scheduling, quality management, site management, process planning, equipment management and maintenance, safety management and production management system. At present, there are many industries that are in line with the employment of mechanical students, which have very good development status and prospects. In the technical field, whether you can find a good job is determined by skills and works, which is more convincing than academic qualifications.

Marketing direction

Now marketing is more and more detailed and professional. No matter what marketing you do, you should understand the performance parameters and working principles of various products in this industry, and sometimes you should even be an after-sales service engineer. To do mechanical marketing, we should not only have marketing talents, but also have more quality than other professionals in the direction of mechanical specialty. Employment equipment: choose marketing as an elective course, set the main direction after graduation as soon as possible, and understand its market trends.

Several useful softwares

AutoCAD- mechanical graduates can't only understand three-dimensional software, drawings are used for processing, and processing workers can only look at two-dimensional drawings. AutoCAD is mainly used for plane drawing, which is powerful, professional and easy to learn. Buy a CD and a textbook of CAD case course, and practice by yourself with examples of mechanical specialty, and you can basically master it within one week.

Pro/E- Many mechanical students often learn a lot of 3D software, but none of them are proficient. Anyone who has participated in the interview will know that the company now uses Pro/E instead of CATIA or UG, not to mention 3DMAX. You'd better read the books on the principle of CAD/CAM before you study, so that not only Pro/E can get started quickly, but also other similar software can get started quickly, because you already have some theoretical knowledge and understand its principle and essence.

LabVIEW-Students who want to learn some measurement and control technology should work hard on LabVIEW. Labview can process the collected data, and the obtained results can control peripheral devices such as serial port, TCP/IP network port, etc. It is the latest graphical language without memorizing source code, and it is the simplest and most practical language at present. Automatic machinery will replace manual operation more and more, so students majoring in machinery should pay attention to this trend, have the opportunity to charge more and learn more about CNC, automation, three-dimensional modeling and information technology, which will be of great help to the future sustainable development. At present, English is widely used in design, after-sales, foreign trade and other fields of machinery industry. If English is better, it will have greater advantages in the application of machinery industry.