1, according to the steering type of the whole machine, there are eccentric wheel steering and folding steering.
2. According to the transmission mode of steering mechanism, there are mechanical steering, hydraulic power steering, hydraulic power steering and pneumatic power steering.
3. According to the position of the steering wheel, there are front wheel steering, rear wheel steering and full steering.
Due to the frequent steering operation of excavators, we should handle them with care to reduce the labor intensity of drivers and improve the production efficiency of excavators. In order to support the driving resistance of the excavator, ensure the accuracy of its driving direction and trajectory and reduce tire wear, the wheels should roll purely when turning, and the wheels should not swing in the horizontal plane.
The reverse efficiency of steering machinery should be low to reduce the response of wheel impact to steering wheel. The steering mechanism should be easy to maintain, and the adjustment parts should be few and simple. It can ensure that the upper turntable of the excavator rotates 360 degrees relative to the chassis.
At present, tire hydraulic excavators generally adopt the hydraulic steering mode of deflecting the front wheel, and use feedback machinery to solve the interlocking problem between the steering wheel and the steering wheel.
The hydraulic steering of the front wheel of the tire hydraulic excavator is controlled by the steering gear, and the pressure oil output by the oil pump enters the steering cylinder through the central rotary joint to push the left steering knuckle arm to rotate around the steering knuckle pin. The right steering knuckle arm is driven by the tie rod, so that the steering wheels on both sides deflect at the same time, thus realizing steering. The steering mechanism is controlled by the driver manipulating the steering wheel.
The above-mentioned steering knuckle arm can be pushed by hydraulic pressure, hydraulic power, pneumatic pressure and hydrostatic pressure, but hydraulic pressure is the most common.