Guide words of Shuidonggou in Ningxia 1
Hello, tourists and friends! Welcome to visit Shuidonggou Scenic Area. What we are visiting now is Shuidonggou Ruins Museum, which is modeled after the stone tools named Stone Core unearthed in Shuidonggou, with a building area of 4,308 square meters. It abandons the traditional exhibition form and adopts large-scale sculpture, super-large semi-landscape, phantom imaging, real scene, cultural relics and other display forms, combined with the world's most advanced sound, light and electricity technology. It reproduces the activity scene of the sudden forced migration of ancient human production, life and disasters 30,000 years ago, and creates the first exhibition form of China Museum which includes the only "largest" indoor audience in China, and its patented technology fills the gaps at home and abroad.
Sculpture in Preface Hall: Discovery
We are now in the preface hall of the museum, in front of this group of large statues called "Discovery". It tells us that 30,000 years ago, a group of ancient people left their original living environment with hunting tools, not far from Wan Li, and came to a place called Shuidonggou today. The sight in front of them surprised them very much. Here, the vegetation is lush, rhinoceros, wild donkeys and primitive cattle graze leisurely in the dense grass, and antelopes and wildebeests enjoy the plump and tender leaves full of dew in the bushes between the lake and the desert. Obviously, this place is very suitable for human habitation.
Guide words of Shuidonggou in Ningxia II
Now let's learn about Shuidonggou culture through the preface: Shuidonggou area was a sacred place for human beings to thrive 30 thousand years ago. 1923, French paleontologists De Jinri and Sang Zhihua discovered Paleolithic sites here, and unearthed a large number of stone tools and paleontological fossils. Therefore, Shuidonggou became the earliest discovered Paleolithic human cultural site in China, and also the birthplace of prehistoric archaeology in China. Since then, after many archaeological excavations, more than 50 thousand stone tools and hundreds of animal fossils have been unearthed. Among them, the stone products, tools and stone tools that constitute the cultural foundation of Shuidonggou can be compared with the living stone tools of Most and Orina in Europe, West Asia and North Africa. Based on the analysis of the production technology and exquisite degree of stone tools and decorations unearthed in Shuidonggou, 30 thousand years ago, the production of Shuidonggou people in Ningxia had reached the most advanced and highest level in the same period, using leading and exquisite stone tools. This phenomenon is only found in the late Paleolithic culture of China. People in Ningxia are proud of Shuidonggou, and people in China are also proud of Shuidonggou.
Shuidonggou culture originated from ignorance and influenced later generations. Shuidonggou Site Museum comprehensively displays the production activities and life scenes of prehistoric Shuidonggou people, so that everyone can have a more systematic understanding of Shuidonggou cultural sites and enhance people's awareness of caring for the ecological environment and protecting cultural relics and historic sites. People in Shuidonggou 30,000 years ago will be gratified by our concern and cherish for them.
Guide words of Shuidonggou in Ningxia 3
The evolution of mankind from primitive man to modern man has gone through a long process. Here we can see the three-dimensional deductive scene of human evolution: the apes who greeted us told us that picking fruits from trees was one of the earliest food sources of the ancients, and hunting activities only appeared after the invention of stone tools. The appearance of iron promoted the development of farming, and the diversification of modern people's production tools made life more colorful. In the information age, production has reached the level of specialization, scale and technology, and the pursuit of time and efficiency ... The continuous updating of tools has accelerated the pace of human civilization!
From the scene of human evolution, we can see that in the long history of human evolution, the development of ancient humans mainly experienced four stages: early ape-man, late ape-man, early homo sapiens and late homo sapiens. Shuidonggou people belong to the late homo sapiens stage, about 30000- 1000 years ago, and his physical characteristics are between the third and fourth types, that is to say, Shuidonggou people have experienced the late Paleolithic period and the new era, mainly engaged in
Guide words of Shuidonggou in Ningxia 4
According to morphological changes, human evolution can be divided into four stages: early ape-man, late ape-man, early homo sapiens and late homo sapiens. Humans were originally large primates. They climb trees on all fours and walk with their hands. In the process of evolution, hands were liberated, two feet walked upright, the proportion of upper body decreased, the brain capacity gradually increased, the mandible contracted, the face tended to be flat, and the body hair gradually receded, and finally it became what we are now. Shuidonggou people belong to the late Homo sapiens, also known as modern people in anatomy, and are the last stage of primitive people. Humans have experienced a long history of 2.5 million years from early apes to late homo sapiens.
Guide words of Shuidonggou in Ningxia 5
Tools are the extension of human limbs and the basis of effective human existence. In the ancient Paleolithic Age, the materials used by ancient people to make tools were mainly stones, and later materials such as bones and horns appeared. Because other materials were perishable, it was difficult to preserve them. A large number of stone tools left by human beings have become the main analytical materials for archaeologists, who use these tools to explore the behavior and lifestyle of ancient humans. About 2.5 million years ago, humans began to make stone tools.
The most primitive way to make stone tools in Paleolithic Age was to knock or hit a stone to form a cutting edge, which was called a stone tool. There are certain methods and steps to make thin-edged stone tools for cutting: first, cut the required stone pieces from the stone, and then trim the cut stone pieces to form stone tools. Early stone tools were all trimmed with a stone hammer, and the edges were uneven. In the middle stage, smooth the edge with a wooden stick or bone stick. In the later stage, the finishing technology was further improved and the suppression method was created. The pressing tools are mainly bones, horns or hardwood. The stone tools trimmed by pressing method have been relatively fine.
In the Neolithic Age, stone tools manufacturing technology has made great progress. First of all, there are certain requirements for the selection, cutting, grinding, drilling and carving of stone materials. After the stone is selected, make the prototype of the stone tool first, then put the blade or the whole surface on the grindstone and polish it with water and sand. This becomes a grinding stone tool. Compared with hammering stone tools, grinding stone tools strengthen the front of the cutting edge of stone tools by grinding, reduce the resistance when using, and make tools play a greater role.
The invention of perforation technology is another important achievement of stone tool manufacturing technology. The purpose of piercing is to make composite tools so that the stone tools can be firmly tied to the wooden handle, which is convenient to use and carry, thus improving labor efficiency.
The improvement of production tools in primitive society has enhanced people's ability to resist nature, and the world of social production and life has become increasingly broad. However, at that time, the only things that people could control were ropes made of stones, wood, bones, horns and natural fibers, which limited the creation and development of tools.
Here we carefully observe the Paleolithic shape of China, and compare it with the stone tools unearthed in Shuidonggou behind it to see what is the difference.
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