Experts said that the introduction of a series of policies will, on the one hand, greatly change the income distribution structure of researchers and promote the continuous increase of competitive researchers; On the other hand, it is also conducive to further stimulating the enthusiasm of scientific researchers for innovation and entrepreneurship, and improving the efficiency of human resource allocation.
Good incentive policy gift packages are distributed intensively.
Since last year, the state has been issuing policy packages to stimulate the vitality of researchers. In June of 20 16, the State Council issued "Implementation Opinions on Stimulating Vitality of Key Groups to Drive Income Increase of Urban and Rural Residents", proposing to implement an incentive mechanism oriented to knowledge value appreciation, increase the share of scientific researchers' transformation income, guide scientific researchers to concentrate on scientific research and stimulate their enthusiasm for scientific and technological innovation through multiple incentives such as salary income, project incentive and achievement transformation incentive.
20 1 1 16 10, issued by the State Council, China, clearly pointed out that by steadily increasing the basic salary, increasing the incentive of performance-based salary distribution, and implementing incentives for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, researchers' income and job responsibilities, work performance and reality will be improved. Scientific researchers are allowed to earn legal income part-time, and they can leave their posts to engage in innovative and entrepreneurial activities such as the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. In addition, it is proposed to pay equal attention to long-term property rights incentives and cash incentives, explore the implementation of equity, options and dividend incentives for scientific researchers, and increase incentives such as patents, copyrights and other intellectual property rights and the equity and post dividend rights formed by the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.
In June this year, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Inter-Ministerial Joint Meeting on Deepening the Reform of Income Distribution System 2 1 member units formulated and promulgated the Key Work Arrangement for Deepening the Reform of Income Distribution System for 20 17 years, and once again proposed to implement the distribution policy oriented to increasing knowledge value.
The the State Council executive meeting held a few days ago made it clear once again that China allows scientific and technological talents to work part-time in universities, research institutes and enterprises.
Various policies at the national level have been implemented in detail at the local level, and recently, targeted incentive plans for researchers have been released intensively.
In the "Implementation Opinions on Supporting and Encouraging the Innovation and Entrepreneurship of Professional and Technical Personnel in Universities and Scientific Research Institutions" issued by Beijing Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security, the "six modes" for supporting and encouraging the innovation and entrepreneurship of professional and technical personnel in universities and scientific research institutions are defined, namely, part-time, on-the-job entrepreneurship, on-the-job entrepreneurship, affiliated enterprises, participating in project cooperation, and leaving their posts to start businesses.
Shanxi Province has issued several regulations on promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in Shanxi Province, measures for the management of funds for scientific research projects and activities in Shanxi Province (for Trial Implementation), and implementation opinions on improving the incentive mechanism for income distribution in knowledge-intensive and high-level talent institutions, and so on 14 policies to support scientific researchers' innovation and entrepreneurship.
In addition, Liaoning proposes to encourage researchers to use their spare time to carry out innovation and entrepreneurship activities to earn income, and allow researchers to work part-time appropriately. The performance of a part-time job in an enterprise can be used as an important basis for the original unit to participate in job title evaluation, job competition and assessment. Anhui also proposed that researchers from scientific research institutes and institutions of higher learning who work part-time in technology transfer and transformation services in development zones can be paid according to regulations. Shandong proposed that professional and technical personnel in universities and research institutes can leave their posts and start businesses, and will not transfer pension insurance for the time being.
The income of Qian Jing researchers may reach a new level.
Relevant experts said that with the gradual implementation of a series of policies, the income distribution structure of researchers will usher in great changes, and income growth is expected to reach a new level.
Wang Hongwei, director of the Innovation Strategy Institute of China Association for Science and Technology, said in an interview with the Economic Information Daily that in view of the above favorable policies, researchers have become the main beneficiaries of seven groups of people, and encouraging researchers to "go to the sea" to start businesses or take part-time jobs will greatly promote the transformation of scientific research achievements and further increase the income of researchers.
Wang Hongwei told reporters that the conversion rate of scientific research achievements in China is still relatively low, only 20% to 30%. From the experience of foreign countries, it is obvious that the conversion rate of scientific research results can be improved by scientific researchers' starting a business or taking part-time jobs in the sea. Researchers can better grasp the forefront of science and technology and the practicality of technology, and transform scientific research achievements into intermediary companies or enterprises, which plays an obvious role in promoting the transformation of scientific research achievements.
The latest questionnaire survey conducted by the Institute of Innovation Strategy of China Association for Science and Technology shows that the income of researchers has also been greatly improved through the transformation of scientific research achievements.
According to the survey, nearly 30% of the scientific and technological workers' income from the transformation of scientific and technological achievements exceeds 50%. In addition, 76. 1% of scientific and technological workers benefit from various forms of transformation of scientific and technological achievements, including technology shares, options, patents, technology transfer or licensing, bonuses, etc. Among them, 3 1.2% of scientific and technological workers realized the transformation of scientific and technological achievements through bonuses, which became the main source of many transformation benefits. Nearly half of the scientific and technological workers are satisfied with the income from the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in the past three years, of which 38.9% are satisfied with the income from the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in the past three years, and 10.9% are very satisfied.
"However, there are also some problems in the process of patent transfer of scientific research achievements. It is found that the achievements of scientific research work are often obtained after three, five or even ten years, but the transformation and realization of scientific research achievements are often one-off. Some researchers report that the realization of one-time transfer has a great impact on tax revenue, and some researchers even halve their income. The tax problem brought about by the one-time transfer of scientific research results for many years has a great impact on income and deserves attention. " Wang Hongwei added.
Cheng Jie, an associate researcher at the Institute of Population and Labor Economics of China Academy of Social Sciences, told the Economic Information Daily that the introduction of a series of favorable policies may not necessarily increase the income of all researchers, but it will definitely change the income distribution structure of researchers. Among them, the income of competitive researchers will continue to increase. On the other hand, some researchers who were previously protected by the system will also face the pressure of being eliminated. Generally speaking, relevant policies are conducive to improving the work efficiency and productivity of scientific researchers.
As a result, the enthusiasm for innovation and entrepreneurship was once again stimulated.
Experts say that, more importantly, the increase in the income of researchers reflects the value of knowledge. The participation of knowledge elements in national income distribution is not only an important turning point in the reform of income distribution structure, but also will further stimulate the enthusiasm of scientific researchers for innovation and entrepreneurship.
"On the one hand, the current incentive policy can improve the conversion rate of scientific research results, on the other hand, it will encourage other researchers to innovate and start businesses because of imitation effect and' herd effect'. For China, whether it is to enter the forefront of an innovative country or to enter a powerful country in science and technology in the future, it is inseparable from the enthusiasm and creativity of scientific researchers. " Wang Hongwei told reporters.
In Gemee's view, researchers, as the group with the highest level of human capital, have the most potential production efficiency. In the past, due to institutional constraints, human resources were idle and wasted, but now a series of policies have greatly activated the potential of human resources and improved the allocation efficiency.
It is worth noting that relevant experts also said that although many incentive policies have been intensively introduced at the national and local levels, the detailed rules issued by many units are not enough, and the full coverage of all research institutes and universities has not been achieved. In the next step, institutions need to issue relevant rules as soon as possible and strengthen their implementation.
Wang Hongwei also pointed out that in encouraging scientific researchers to innovate and start businesses, especially in entrepreneurship, policy support still needs to be strengthened, mainly reflected in the early investment of scientific researchers in entrepreneurship. In terms of financial support for scientific and technological innovation, financial policy still needs innovation. Especially in the early stage of scientific research, venture capital is an important guarantee to support scientific research. At the same time, at present, China's innovation and entrepreneurship has not yet formed a risk sharing mechanism at different stages, and the next step should be a breakthrough in this regard.
Cheng Jie suggested that the public and market attributes of researchers and projects should be further rationalized in the future. If they should go to the market, they should let the market decide their value and income, and they should no longer be subject to the evaluation and related constraints of institutions. Basic research with strong public attributes needs financial support and is not interfered by the market, so it should not be evaluated by the market.
There is a market for researchers, and they can make great achievements and contribute their greatest energy!