"4860" battery debuted.
Battery design: electrodeless ear electricity?
In the past few years, Tesla and Panasonic have completed an innovation, that is, upgrading 18650 battery to 2 1700 battery. In the process of upgrading, the energy density of the battery has increased by about 50%, and the endurance has also been greatly improved. This time Tesla brought 46800 batteries and electrodeless batteries.
Endless ear electricity?
In the current battery structure, current must flow through the tabs to reach the connectors outside the battery cells. However, when the current must always flow along the cathode or anode to the ear and out of the battery, the resistance will also increase with the increase of distance. In addition, the pull ring is an extra part, which increases the manufacturing cost. Compared with the traditional battery structure, the manufacturing process of the electrodeless battery will be simpler and the resistance will be further reduced. Of course, the biggest advantage is that it can not only improve the battery life 16%, but also reduce the cost 14%.
Without lugs, the production efficiency will be higher and the battery can be bigger. This new battery has a diameter of 46mm and a height of 80mm, and the capacity of a single battery is five times that of the previous one. Tesla engineers formed a ribbon spiral of the battery by "laser patterning" the existing foil in the battery. This structure shortens the length of the electrical path by 50 mm, thus reducing the distance of ion conduction. This structure is beneficial to the heat dissipation and energy loss of the battery. By changing the battery shape design, the cost per kWh can be reduced by 14%.
4860 electricity?
Cathode material: reduce the use of cobalt.
In the new battery, the cathode material department will eliminate the use of cobalt and rely on nickel instead. The advantage of this is that it can reduce the cost 12%. In fact, this is not difficult to understand. From the point of view of metal, nickel has the highest energy density and the lowest cost, so nickel should be used more and more instead of cobalt. Their function is to make the battery structure have enough stability. Cobalt can do this, so can nickel.
In terms of energy storage, in Tesla's vehicles, lithium-iron batteries, 2/3 nickel and 1/3 manganese can be used for main passenger cars, and high-nickel batteries can be used for quality-sensitive pickups and trucks. In order to reduce costs, Tesla is also preparing to establish a cathode material factory in the United States, which can reduce transportation costs by 80%. In addition, Tesla will also lay out upstream resources and battery recycling to further reduce costs. If all these are realized, the cost can be reduced 12% in this link.
About cathode material: silicon cathode
In terms of anode technology, high energy density power battery has been facing the problem of volume change of anode material, which may lead to hidden dangers such as particle breakage of anode material, diffusion of insulating layer and thinning of SEI film, each of which will affect the life and performance of the battery, and these problems are more obvious on silicon-based anode.
In order to solve these problems, Tesla formed a high-strength molecular network by integrating ion-conductive polymer compounds, and produced a more stable anode material. Musk said that Tesla used very elastic materials to inhibit the expansion of silicon-based anode materials and achieve the purpose of improving battery life by 20%. On this basis, the anode production cost can reach 1.2 USD/kwh, and the cost can be reduced by 5% in the process.
Vehicle battery integration: weight reduction 10%? Endurance improvement 14%
According to Musk, Tesla will promote the integrated design of automobile body in the future. In terms of vehicle integration, Tesla has adopted a de-modular design, which will reduce more than 370 battery components. In the new battery design, a better bonding method is adopted to make the battery structure more compact. Better combination of battery and car body can reduce the weight of battery pack by 10%, which may lead to an increase in endurance by 14%. In this link, Tesla can reduce the cost by 7%.
Battery factory and capacity
Above, we briefly introduced the black technology of the brand-new battery, which is powerful, but Tesla has to be fully produced to achieve the results mentioned at the beginning. However, Tesla is really not empty talk in this respect. It was acquired on 20 19? Maxwell has profound technology accumulation and numerous patented technologies. It is said that the new battery has been produced in the factory, and the annual production capacity can reach 10 GWh. Tesla also said that it only needs? 1? A new production line with a design capacity of up to? 20GWh, and can provide 7 times the production line output.
Battery factory
In addition, the produced batteries need to be fully charged before they can be loaded and delivered. Tesla also designed a brand-new charging facility, claiming to reduce it by 86%? 75% of the queuing cost? Carbon footprint. Thanks to all these facilities, the output of the new growth line is the past (20 18? Year? gigafactory)？ 6.6? Time, at the same time every? GWh？ Can the production cost be reduced? 75%, per? GWh？ Only the carbon footprint? 1/ 10。 What is Tesla's plan after we enlarge the scope to 10 years? 2022? Reached in 2008? 100GWh？ Battery capacity, 2030? Reached in 2008? 3TWh, this ambition is by no means something that ordinary people can have.
For the new battery technology released by Tesla this time, we also found the engineers of mainstream battery research and development in the industry for consultation. From the professional point of view of battery technology, the 46800 battery subverts the current design of lithium batteries and combines the advantages of both lithium batteries and supercapacitors. In addition, the traditional tab design is cancelled. With the decrease of internal resistance, the calorific value of the battery will also decrease, and the safety performance of the battery will be improved again. However, cylindrical batteries have high requirements for pack grouping technology, which is an important test that Tesla will face.
The engineer's answer to the question whether Tesla's latest battery technology can be replicated is relatively conservative. He said that any manufacturer should not copy and imitate Tesla's battery scheme in a short time, because Tesla's battery scheme has its particularity and may be suitable for its own products, but it is difficult to apply to other products in a short time. As for whether Tesla's battery solution will change the direction of existing power battery technology, the engineer said that it is difficult to say at present.
Throughout the whole Tesla Battery Day, Tesla proposed a brand-new battery solution, that is, reducing the battery production cost and further improving the battery performance from the whole process of battery design, positive/negative materials, battery factory and even vehicle integration. According to relevant statistics, after a series of battery technology innovations, the cost of Tesla power battery will be controlled at about 100 USD/kWh, while compared with other power battery manufacturers, the current cost of Panasonic power battery is about 1 1 USD/kWh, and the cost of LG chemical battery is about 148 USD/kWh.
When the cost of the battery is reduced, it is followed by a brand-new model with lower price. On Battery Day, elon musk also announced that a brand-new car with a price of about $25,000 will be mass-produced in 2022. The new car will be equipped with the latest battery technology, but before the mass production of the new car, Tesla needs to solve the capacity problem of the new battery.
Summary:
For this Tesla Battery Day, Silicon Valley Iron Man elon musk not only proposed the latest battery solution for pure electric vehicles, but also accelerated the technological innovation of power battery factories. As a former supplier, automobile manufacturers will accelerate their own technology research and development and transformation after gradually entering the field of parts research and development. It is believed that after this, the power battery technology of pure electric vehicles will usher in a new wave of technological innovation.
However, Musk also said that some of the technologies displayed in this battery day activity are only close to availability, but they still cannot be mass-produced. Tesla set up an experimental factory in California to solve the existing technical problems. Finally, we end today's topic with a sentence from Musk: "For the future sustainable development, we participate in battery production. In the past, we built our current factories and equipment in order to make the best cars. Now, in order to produce batteries, we will do the same thing. "
This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.