If someone applies for a patent in China and someone abroad uses it, can I sue them for infringement?

No, patents are territorial and temporal, unless the infringement by foreigners occurs domestically. If you apply for a domestic patent, you will be protected domestically, and if you apply for a foreign patent, you will be protected by the country where you applied for it, regardless of each other. For example, you first apply for a domestic patent, then file a PCT, and then you can specify the country to enter according to your wishes. Patents are based on the principle of request. If you don’t request it, then who will give you the rights? So, whichever country you need protection in, enter that country.

This is not the case. However, if you apply for the PCT and enter the national stage, governments at all levels will have incentive policies. Even if you apply for a domestic patent, there will still be incentive policies, but the amounts vary from place to place.

The PCT submitted to the National Bureau can be in Chinese