1. The importance of diet to hypertension: Food is the most important thing for people. A reasonable diet can make you neither fat nor thin, and your cholesterol is neither high nor low.
2. The diet of patients with hypertension should be taboo:
(1) carbohydrate food:
Suitable for food-rice, porridge, noodles, noodles, Ge Fen, soup, taro and soft beans.
Foods that should be avoided-sweet potatoes (food that produces abdominal qi), dried beans, and biscuits with strong flavor.
② protein food.
Suitable food-beef, lean pork, white meat and fish, eggs, milk, dairy products (fresh cream, yeast milk, ice cream, cheese), bean products (tofu, natto, bean powder, oily tofu).
Foods that should be avoided-fatty foods (pork belly, ribs, whales, herring, tuna, etc. of cattle and pigs). ) and processed products (sausages).
③ high-fat food
Suitable food-vegetable oil, a little cream, salad dressing.
Foods that should be avoided-animal oil, lard, bacon, sardines soaked in oil.
④ Vitamins and mineral foods
Suitable food-vegetables (spinach, cabbage, carrots, tomatoes, lily roots, pumpkins, eggplant and cucumbers) and fruits (apples, oranges, pears, grapes and watermelons).
Seaweed and fungi should be cooked before eating.
Foods to avoid-vegetables containing hard fiber (burdock, bamboo shoots, beans)-! ! ! Conflict with the following "hypertension diet book"! ! ! ! -
Highly irritating vegetables (spicy vegetables, mangoes, mustard greens, onions, mustard greens).
⑤ Other foods
Suitable food-light fragrant tea, yeast milk beverage.
Foods that should be avoided-spices (peppers, curry powder), alcoholic beverages, salted foods (vegetables, roe), pickles and coffee.
3. Dietary habits that patients with hypertension should pay attention to
First of all, we should control energy intake, advocate eating complex sugars, such as starch and corn, and eat less glucose, fructose and sucrose. These sugars are monosaccharides, which are easy to cause hyperlipidemia.
② Limit the intake of fat. Choose vegetable oil when cooking, and you can eat more marine fish. Marine fish contains unsaturated fatty acids, which can oxidize cholesterol, thus reducing plasma cholesterol, prolonging platelet aggregation, inhibiting thrombosis and preventing stroke, and contains more linoleic acid, which has a certain effect on increasing microvascular elasticity, preventing vascular rupture and preventing hypertension complications.
③ Appropriate intake of protein. The daily protein of patients with hypertension is per kilogram of body weight1g. Eating fish protein 2-3 times a week can improve blood vessel elasticity and permeability, increase urinary sodium excretion, and thus lower blood pressure. If hypertension is complicated with renal insufficiency, the intake of protein should be limited.
④ Eat more foods rich in potassium and calcium but low in sodium, such as potatoes, eggplant, kelp and lettuce. Foods with high calcium content: milk, yogurt and shrimp skin. Eat less broth, because the increase of nitrogen-containing extract in broth can promote the increase of uric acid in the body and increase the burden on the heart, liver and kidney.
⑤ Limit the salt intake: it should be gradually reduced to less than 6g every day, that is, after the rubber pad is removed from the ordinary beer lid, the salt in a flat lid is about 6g. This amount refers to the amount of salt, including the total amount of sodium converted into salt in edible salt and other foods. Proper reduction of sodium intake is helpful to lower blood pressure and reduce the retention of sodium and water in the body.
6. Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits. Eat no less than 8 Liang of fresh vegetables and 2 to 4 Liang of fruits every day.
⑦ Appropriately increase the intake of seafood: such as kelp, laver, seafood fish, etc.
4. Fruits and vegetables
The human body needs B vitamins and vitamin C every day, and it can be satisfied by eating more fresh vegetables and fruits. Some people argue that eating 1-2 apples a day is good for health, and fruits can also supplement calcium, potassium, iron and magnesium.
Calcium supplement
Some people let hypertensive patients take 1 g calcium every day, and after 8 weeks, they found that their blood pressure dropped. Therefore, we should eat more foods rich in calcium, such as soybeans, sunflower seeds, walnuts, milk, peanuts, fish and shrimp, red dates, fresh potherb mustard, garlic sprouts, seaweed and so on.
Iron supplementation
Studies have found that the plasma iron in elderly hypertensive patients is lower than normal, so eating more iron-rich foods, such as peas and fungus, can not only lower blood pressure, but also prevent anemia in the elderly.
Second, moderate exercise.
The importance of exercise to hypertension: There is a saying: "You can exchange health for money when you are young, and you can exchange health with exercise when you are old." Exercise can not only promote blood circulation, reduce cholesterol production, but also enhance the stiffness of muscles, bones and joints. Exercise can increase appetite, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, prevent constipation and improve sleep. Have the habit of continuous exercise: it is best to do aerobic exercise to assist. Aerobic exercise can lower blood pressure and lose weight, such as walking, jogging, Tai Ji Chuan, cycling and swimming.
1, exercise precautions:
(1) don't be too strong or too tired, take a step-by-step way to increase the amount of activity.
2 pay attention to the surrounding environment and climate: summer: avoid the time when the sun shines at noon; Winter: Keep warm to prevent stroke.
Wear comfortable and sweat-absorbent clothes: Choose cotton fabrics and sports shoes.
④ Choose safe places: such as parks and schools, not in the driveway or roadside.
⑤ When exercising, don't eat on an empty stomach to avoid hypoglycemia. It should be 2 hours after dinner.
2, the taboo of sports.
Stop exercising when you are sick or uncomfortable.
② Exercise should not be carried out when you are hungry or one hour after meals.
③ Don't stop immediately during the exercise, but follow the steps of the exercise plan.
(4) If you feel uncomfortable during exercise, stop immediately.
Third, quit smoking and limit alcohol.
Smoking can lead to high blood pressure. Studies have shown that after smoking a cigarette, the heart rate increases by 5-20 beats/min, and the systolic blood pressure increases by 10-25mmhg. Why is this? Because nicotine contained in tobacco leaves will excite the central nervous system and sympathetic nerve, make the heart rate faster, and at the same time, it will also prompt the adrenal gland to release a large amount of catecholamine, which will make the arterioles contract and lead to an increase in blood pressure. Nicotine also stimulates chemoreceptors in blood vessels, which reflexively leads to an increase in blood pressure.
Long-term heavy smoking will also promote atherosclerosis of the aorta, and the intima of the arteriole will gradually thicken, which will gradually harden the whole blood vessel. At the same time, because the content of carbon monoxide hemoglobin in smokers' blood increases, the oxygen content in blood decreases, the intima of arteries is anoxic, and the oxygen content of arterial wall fat increases, which accelerates the formation of atherosclerosis. Therefore, quitting smoking for people without hypertension can prevent the occurrence of hypertension, and people with hypertension should quit smoking more.
Compared with smoking, the advantages and disadvantages of drinking alcohol are controversial. From time to time, there are various reports, some say that a small amount of drinking is beneficial and some say it is harmful, but one thing is certain, a large amount of drinking is definitely harmful, and high concentration of alcohol will lead to arteriosclerosis and aggravate high blood pressure.
Fourth, psychological balance.
The psychological manifestations of patients with hypertension are nervousness, irritability and emotional instability, which are the causes of high blood pressure. Patients can cultivate good adaptability to the natural environment and society by changing their own behavior, avoid emotional excitement and excessive tension and anxiety, and be calm when things go wrong; When you have a lot of mental stress, you should find ways to release it, talk to your relatives and friends or encourage you to take part in relaxing extracurricular activities, and devote your spirit to music or flowers to keep you in the best state, so as to keep your blood pressure stable.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) manages itself.
1, measure blood pressure regularly, at least every 1-2 weeks.
2. The treatment of hypertension should adhere to the "three hearts", namely confidence, determination and perseverance. Only in this way can we prevent or delay the damage to important organs of the body.
3. Take antihypertensive drugs regularly. If you don't reduce or stop taking medicine at will, you can adjust it under the guidance of a doctor and combine the current condition to prevent blood pressure from rebounding.
4. If possible, you can bring your own sphygmomanometer and learn to test your blood pressure.
Besides taking proper medicine, we should also pay attention to the combination of work and rest, pay attention to diet, exercise properly, keep emotional stability and get enough sleep.
6. The blood pressure of the elderly should not be rushed, and the blood pressure should be controlled at 140- 159mmhg to reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications.
7, the elderly take norepinephrine nerve endings blocking drugs to prevent postural hypotension.
8. There is no need to strictly prohibit sexual life: pay attention to the following situations, which are not suitable for sexual life. 1 Don't have sex immediately afterwards. Sexual life should be forbidden after drinking. If you feel dizzy, chest tightness and other discomfort, stop sexual life and seek medical advice in time.
Take care of yourself at home:
Importance of bed rest: Lying on the left side can reduce the oppression of the uterus on the inferior vena cava, thus increasing venous reflux, thereby increasing systemic blood circulation, blood perfusion of placenta and kidney, and lowering blood pressure.
Sixth, see a doctor on time.
① After taking the medicine, the blood pressure rises or falls too low, and the blood pressure fluctuates greatly. ③ If you have dizziness, nausea and vomiting, blurred vision, hemiplegia, aphasia, disturbance of consciousness, dyspnea, limb weakness and other symptoms, you should go to the hospital immediately. In case of critical illness, please call the emergency center at 120. [Edit this paragraph] Hypertension in treatment of tea is a common disease among middle-aged and elderly people. Patients should not only insist on drug treatment, but also often make tea with Chinese medicine, which plays a good auxiliary treatment role.
Hypertension refers to the increase of systolic or diastolic blood pressure, which exceeds the normal level. Atherosclerosis not only leads to coronary heart disease, but also has a close relationship with hypertension. Lowering blood pressure means lowering blood pressure. Tea polyphenols, vitamin C and vitamin P in tea are all effective components for preventing and treating hypertension. In particular, the role of capillaries in the pathogenesis of tea polyphenols and the obvious inhibitory effects of catechins and theaflavins on the transformation of angiotensin I can directly lower blood pressure. Tea that can prevent hypertension includes Pu 'er tea and black tea.
1, Tartary Buckwheat Tea: Rutin contained in Tartary Buckwheat Tea can soften blood vessels, and has the functions of lowering blood fat, blood sugar, blood pressure, reducing weight, detoxifying, cleaning human excreta and activating insulin secretion. At the same time, it has the magical effects of nourishing liver, protecting liver and relieving alcoholism.
2, Sanqihua: Tianqihua is Sanqihua. Crisp and crisp, slightly flatulent, slightly bitter in taste, reducing blood fat, lowering blood pressure, resisting cancer, improving myocardial oxygen supply capacity and enhancing immune function. Notoginseng flower has outstanding efficacy, and is widely used in people with hypertension, and can be directly soaked in water.
3, chrysanthemum tea: all chrysanthemums should be chamomile, its taste is not bitter, especially the big white chrysanthemum or small white chrysanthemum produced in Suzhou and Hangzhou is the best, drink with about 3 grams of tea each time, 3 times a day.
4. Guarding burdock tea: the principle of auxiliary blood pressure reduction-the dietary fiber in the root of Arctium lappa L. has the function of adsorbing sodium, which is excreted with feces to reduce the sodium content in the body; The calcium content in burdock root is the highest among root vegetables, and calcium can introduce sodium into urine and excrete it. Arctiin contained in the root of Arctium lappa can dilate blood vessels and lower blood pressure. Drinking method: 5-8 grams per day. Don't mix with other teas. Camellia oleifera Those with wet hair eat best at last.
5. hawthorn tea: Hawthorn contains ingredients that can help digestion, dilate blood vessels and lower blood sugar and blood pressure. At the same time, drinking hawthorn tea regularly has obvious auxiliary effect on treating hypertension. The drinking method is to make tea with fresh hawthorn fruit 1-2 tablets several times a day.
6. Lotus leaf tea: Chinese medicine practice shows that soaking and decocting lotus leaves have the functions of dilating blood vessels, clearing away heat and relieving summer heat and lowering blood pressure. At the same time, lotus leaf is a good medicine for reducing fat. The drinking method for treating hypertension is: wash and chop half a piece of fresh lotus leaf, add appropriate amount of water, and let future generations drink tea after boiling.
7. Sophora japonica tea: After the buds of Sophora japonica are picked and dried, they are soaked in boiling water as tea drinks. Drinking it several times a day has a unique therapeutic effect on patients with hypertension. At the same time, Sophora japonica also has the function of contracting blood vessels and stopping bleeding.
8. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb tea: Polygonum multiflorum Thunb has the function of lowering blood lipid and reducing thrombosis. People with hyperlipidemia often drink Polygonum multiflorum tea, and the effect is very obvious. The preparation method is to take 20-30g of Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata, add water, decoct for 30min, and take it as tea after cooling, one dose per day.
9. Pueraria lobata tea: Pueraria lobata has the effect of improving blood circulation in the brain, and has a good relief effect on symptoms such as headache, dizziness, tinnitus, backache and leg pain caused by hypertension. Drinking Pueraria lobata tea regularly has obvious curative effect on treating hypertension. Its preparation method is to clean pueraria lobata and slice it into thin slices, 30 grams a day, and then boil it with water for drinking.
10, lotus plumule tea: The so-called lotus plumule refers to the turquoise germ in the middle of lotus seeds, which tastes extremely bitter, but has excellent blood pressure lowering and fat removing effects. Using lotus plumule 12g and boiling water for future generations to drink tea, once in the morning and once in the evening, can not only lower blood pressure, but also have special effects of clearing away heat, calming the nerves and strengthening the heart.
1 1, cassia seed tea: Semen Cassiae, a traditional Chinese medicine, has the effects of lowering blood pressure, reducing blood fat, clearing away liver heat and improving eyesight. Drinking cassia seed tea often has special effects on hypertension. Soak 15-20g cassia seed in water several times a day, which is a wonderful product for treating hypertension, dizziness and blurred vision.
12, mistletoe tea: Chinese herbal medicine mistletoe is an essential medicine for tonifying kidney and blood. The clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine shows that Sangjisheng decoction instead of tea has obvious auxiliary effect on the treatment of hypertension. The preparation method of Herba Taxilli tea is to take dried Herba Taxilli 15g, decoct 15min, and drink it once every morning and evening.
Eucommia ulmoides Oliv Tea: Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Tea has the function of two-way blood pressure regulation, which can lower the blood pressure of patients with hypertension, prevent the blood pressure of normal people from rising, and improve the symptoms of dizziness and insomnia of patients with hypertension. Hu Xiuying, a professor at Harvard University, praised it as the best natural antihypertensive drug in the world.
14, pine needle tea:
15, Luding tea: national patent, secret recipe of government tea: Luding tea can improve human immunity and completely lower blood pressure. The only tea product in the world that completely reduces hypertension, Luding tea benefits mankind from medicinal value and nutritional elements. Shanxi Luding Tea is the pride of China people.