So how does it work? The following public agricultural resources network gives you a detailed introduction to the water and fertilizer integration technology of agricultural film drip irrigation.
Integrated technology of water and fertilizer for agricultural film drip irrigation
Carefully apply foot fat.
Before sowing, soil preparation and ridging, wide and narrow rows of farming. Generally, the narrow row is 40-50 cm and the wide row is 60-80 cm.
The stubble-cleaning machine cleans stubble or subsoiling rotary tillage, and the tillage depth should reach 20 ~ 25cm, so that the upper part is solid and the lower part is empty, and there are no clods and clods. Combining with soil preparation, applying sole fertilizer, and suppressing in time to reach the state of being planted.
Generally, high-quality agricultural fertilizer 1000~2000 kg, diammonium phosphate 15~20 kg, potassium sulfate 5~ 10 kg or compound fertilizer 30~40 kg are used as base fertilizer per mu.
Using large-scale combined soil preparation machine to complete the soil preparation and ridging operation at one time, the soil preparation effect is good.
Laying drip irrigation pipeline
According to the location of the water source and the shape of the plot, there are two main ways to lay the main pipeline: the independent main pipeline has the advantages of saving labor and materials and simple operation, but it is not suitable for large-scale operation; The laying of composite main pipeline can be used for large-scale drip irrigation, which requires that the water source is close to the plot and there is a fixed place for power supply in the field.
There are two laying forms of branch pipes: direct connection method and indirect connection method.
Direct connection mode has low input cost but large water pressure loss, which leads to uneven soil moisture; Indirect connection has the characteristics of flexibility and operability, but it increases the cost of one-time investment by adding components such as controllers and connectors.
Speed and quality of drip irrigation operation with branch spacing of 50~70 meters.
Scientific seed selection
The varieties with high density tolerance, long growth period of 7~ 10 days and high effective accumulated temperature of 150~200℃ can be selected for film mulching and drip irrigation cultivation.
Before sowing, the seeds are treated by conventional methods.
Reasonably increase the planting density, and the amount of seeds used is more than that of common planting methods 15%~20%.
Fine sowing
Tillage and sowing can be started when the ground temperature of 5~ 10 cm plough layer is stabilized over 8℃.
Use mulch film with a thickness of 0.0 1 mm, and the width of mulch film depends on the width of ridge.
According to sowing methods, it can be divided into two kinds: sowing on film and sowing under film.
1. Sowing on the film: Sowing with a multifunctional corn drip irrigation precision seeder under the film, laying drip irrigation tape, spraying herbicide, covering film, sowing, covering soil, and suppressing at one time. The operation sequence is as follows: laying drip irrigation tape → spraying herbicide → covering film → sowing → covering soil → suppressing.
2. Sowing under the film: Mechanical sowing, semi-mechanical sowing and manual sowing can be used. After sowing, the herbicide should be sprayed on the ridge mechanically, and the film should be covered in time after spraying.
The soil on both sides of the plastic film should be pressed enough, and some soil should be pressed on the film every 3~4 meters to prevent the film from being blown up by the wind.
When sowing under plastic film, attention should be paid to timely seedling introduction and seedling cover: when 1~2 corn generally emerges, it is necessary to timely introduce seedlings through holes, and after seedling introduction, cover the seedling holes with wet soil.
Do it again in 3~5 days to draw out the late seedlings.
Strengthen on-site management
To cultivate corn by drip irrigation under plastic film, it is necessary to check whether the plastic film is tight. If it is found that it is damaged or the soil pressure is not solid, it should be compacted with soil in time to prevent it from being blown away by the wind to keep it moist and warm.
Timely drip irrigation according to the water demand law of corn crops.
1. Drip irrigation: After the equipment is installed and debugged, it can be irrigated in time according to the soil moisture, with each irrigation 1 hectare, and the number of "strips" opened at one time can be calculated according to the capillary length. The first working pressure is less than 2 pressures, and it is generally poured through 10~ 12 hours before switching to the next irrigation area.
2. Topdressing: According to the characteristics of water and fertilizer demand of corn, the fertilizer is put into the fertilizer applicator in proportion and applied with the water to prevent late fertilization and premature aging and improve the utilization rate of water and fertilizer.
To calculate the fertilizer consumption in each irrigation area, dissolve the fertilizer in a large container, and then pour the solution into the fertilizer tank.
3. Chemical control: Because of high planting density, high temperature, sufficient water and fast plant growth. In order to prevent plants from lodging due to overgrowth, chemical control should be carried out at the 6-8 leaf stage.
4. Appropriate late harvest: In order to make corn mature, reduce water content and improve quality, appropriate late harvest should be carried out according to specific conditions.
In this paper, the integrated technology of water and fertilizer for drip irrigation under film is introduced in detail. Popular agricultural resources network has more scientific agricultural technology, you can learn it. Now science and technology are quite developed. If we don't keep up with the pace of science and technology, the benefits created by our crops will never stop.