Question 1: What are the common types of edible fungi? There are about 2,000 types of edible fungi (including medicinal fungi) known in the world. At present, there are more than 200 types of edible fungi that have been cultivated artificially or experimentally, including shiitake mushrooms, slide mushrooms, yellow umbrella mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, red oyster mushrooms, yellow mushrooms, shimeji mushrooms, and pleurotus pleurotus that have been cultivated on a large scale. Abalone mushroom, Yuan mushroom, phoenix tail mushroom, king oyster mushroom, white mushroom, black fungus, hairy fungus, golden fungus, white fungus, elm fungus, sophora fungus, Cordyceps militaris, Polyporus cocos, Poria cocos, bamboo fungus, Hericium, Ganoderma lucidum, Versicolor versicolor, Armillaria pseudoacutea (hazel mushroom), False Armillaria, Flammulina velutipes, Brazilian mushroom, Agaricus versicolor, Bulbus globus, Maitake mushroom, Poplar mushroom, Tea mushroom, Enoki mushroom, Maotou Coprinus comatus (coprinus), Agaricus bisporus, four-spored mushroom, big fat mushroom, straw mushroom, silver straw mushroom, big ball cap mushroom, grass mushroom, long root mushroom, tiger milk mushroom, ox tongue mushroom, Phellinus linteus, Schizophyllum, Sulfur fungus, Hydrangea, Bamboo fungus, etc. There are also rare edible fungi such as matsutake mushrooms (pine mushrooms), morels, cordyceps, delicious porcini, truffles, and rivet mushrooms that are undergoing semi-artificial cultivation trials.
The ways in which edible fungi absorb nutrients are mainly divided into four categories: saprophytic, parasitic, parasitic and facultative parasitism. Most of the edible fungi that can be cultivated artificially are saprophytic and are called saprophytic. bacteria. The nutrients they need are obtained from dead or decaying organisms and their products. Saprophytes are divided into two categories: wood-rot fungi and grass-rot fungi. Edible fungi that grow on dead trees, dead branches and other wood are called wood-rot fungi, such as oyster mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, enoki mushrooms, slide mushrooms, fungus, hericium, etc.; edible fungi that grow on firewood, manure and other dung grass are called grass Rot fungi, such as straw mushrooms and bisporus mushrooms. For wood-rot fungi, wood chips or wood segments should be used as the main raw materials for artificial cultivation; for grass-rot fungi, dung is the main raw material. There are differences between the two in the decomposition and utilization of cellulose and lignin, which lays the foundation for selecting cultivation raw materials for edible fungi and matching varieties based on nutritional types. ^_^Hope to adopt^_^
Question 2: What are the common edible fungi? Edible fungi refer to mushrooms (large fungi) with large fruiting bodies that are edible, commonly known as mushrooms. There are more than 350 kinds of edible fungi known in China, most of which belong to the subphylum Basidiomycota. Common ones include: shiitake mushrooms, straw mushrooms, mushrooms, fungus, white fungus, hericium, bamboo fungus, matsutake (matsutake), mushroom, and russula , Ganoderma lucidum, cordyceps, truffles, lark and boletus, etc.; a few belong to the subphylum Ascomycota, including: morels, saddle fungi, truffles, etc. The above-mentioned fungi grow in different regions and different ecological environments.
Question 3: What types of edible fungi are there? Edible fungi are just a kind of fungi
If we really want to divide them into basidiomycetes and ascomycetes
Question 4: What are the common types of edible fungi? , Enoki mushrooms, Hericium, Dictyophora fungi, Matsutake mushrooms (Matsutake mushrooms), Trichosanthes erythrasus, Russulas rosula and Boletus etc.
Question 5: What are the common edible fungi? There are many edible fungi such as yeast. , such as yeast, Monascus, Bifidobacterium, etc.
Edible fungi also include large fungi, such as oyster mushrooms, mushrooms, and shiitake mushrooms. Black fungus. Tremella fungus, Hericium erinaceus, Flammulina velutipes, Pleurotus eryngii, Enoki mushrooms, Straw mushrooms, etc.
Question 6: What are the commonly used raw materials for edible fungi cultivation? At present, the main raw materials used in the production and utilization of edible fungi in my country are wastes from crops and forestry production, such as suitable for the cultivation of various types of wood-rotting fungi such as oyster mushrooms and shiitake mushrooms. The raw materials include: cottonseed hulls, broadleaf tree chips, corn cobs, bran, rice bran, cornmeal, etc.; the raw materials suitable for cultivating Agaricus bisporus and other grass-rot fungi include: straw, wheat straw, cotton stalk, cow and horse manure, chicken manure, etc. In addition, artificially cultivated edible fungi also need to add some sucrose, lime, gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other substances to meet the nutritional or environmental conditions requirements of edible fungi.
Question 7: Classification of Edible Fungi Edible fungi are large fungi that are eaten by humans.
There are more than 350 kinds of edible fungi known in China, most of which belong to the subphylum Basidiomycota. Common ones include: shiitake mushrooms, straw mushrooms, mushrooms, fungus, white fungus, hericium, bamboo fungus, matsutake mushrooms (matsutake), mushrooms, and russula and boletus, etc.; a few belong to the subphylum Ascomycota, including: morels, saddle fungi, truffles, etc. The above-mentioned fungi grow in different regions and different ecological environments. There are many types and quantities of mushrooms growing in mountainous forests, such as shiitake mushrooms, fungus, white fungus, hericium, matsutake mushrooms, red mushrooms and porcini mushrooms. In fields, roadsides, grasslands and haystacks, straw mushrooms, mushrooms, etc. grow. High-temperature fruiting fungi grow more frequently in the south; low-temperature fruiting fungi grow more frequently in alpine areas and cold northern zones.
Edible fungi grow with their white or light-colored mycelium in places rich in organic matter. When conditions are suitable, fruiting bodies are formed and become a favorite food for humans. Mycelium and fruiting body are the two main stages of growth and development of general edible fungi. Various edible fungi are classified and identified based on the characteristics of the fruiting body such as mushroom shape, cap, gills or hymenium, spores and mushrooms, and combined with differences in ecology and physiology (see Mycetomycetes) , Agaricales, Tremellaales, Agaricalales). When distinguishing wild edible fungi and poisonous mushrooms based on experience, the shape and color of the fruiting bodies are also used as the basis. Some edible fungi grow on dead tree trunks or wood sections, such as shiitake mushrooms, fungus, white fungus, oyster mushroom, hericium, enoki mushrooms and slippery mushrooms; some grow on the stems of herbaceous plants and livestock and poultry dung, such as mushrooms, grass Mushrooms, etc.; some grow together with plant roots and are called mycorrhizal fungi (see mycorrhiza), such as Matsutake mushrooms, Boletus, etc. The above characteristics also determine the distribution of various wild edible fungi in natural ecological conditions. Edible fungi do not strictly require moist conditions during the mycelium growth stage, but when the eggplant or ear emerges, the relative temperature in the environment needs to be above 85%, and suitable temperature, ventilation and lighting are required. For example, mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, enoki mushrooms, slide mushrooms, and matsutake mushrooms are suitable for producing mushrooms in spring and autumn when the temperature is relatively low, or in low-temperature zones (around 15°C); straw mushrooms, fungus, and phoenix tail mushrooms are suitable for producing mushrooms in summer or in tropical areas. Strong under high temperature conditions in subtropical regions.
Edible mushrooms are not only delicious, but also rich in nutrients. They are often called health foods. For example, shiitake mushrooms not only contain various essential amino acids for the human body, but also have the effect of lowering cholesterol in the blood and treating high blood pressure. In recent years, It has also been found that shiitake mushrooms, mushrooms, enoki mushrooms, and hericium contain substances that enhance the body's anti-cancer ability.
China is rich in edible fungi resources and was one of the first countries to cultivate edible fungi. There were records of artificial cultivation of fungus more than 1,100 years ago. The cultivation of shiitake mushrooms began in southwestern Zhejiang at least 800 years ago. Straw mushrooms were first cultivated in Fujian and Guangdong more than 200 years ago. These techniques have survived to this day.
In recent decades, people have gradually understood the growth rules of edible fungi and improved the ancient production method that relied on the natural spread of spores and hyphae. Artificially cultivating the mycelium of cultivated species speeds up the reproduction speed of edible fungi and makes it possible to obtain high yields. Some countries have also built factories with an annual output of more than 1,000 tons of fresh mushrooms. In 1950, there were about 5 types of edible fungi cultivated in large areas around the world, with an output of about 70,000 tons. In some mushroom-producing countries in Western Europe, the average output per square meter of cultivation area was about 2,000 grams. By 1980, there were more than 12 types of cultivation, with an output of about 1.21 million tons. In some countries, the output per square meter has increased to 27 kilograms. In recent years, the technology of growing mushrooms at home for both viewing and food purposes and using mycelial liquid fermentation to produce food additives have also been developed. There are 7 types of edible fungi widely cultivated in China: mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, straw mushrooms, fungus, white fungus, oyster mushroom, and smooth mushroom. The total output in 1982 was about 150,000 tons. Basically, the development speed of edible fungi is increasing rapidly. Scientists predict that edible fungi will develop into one of the main protein foods for humans in the 21st century.
The largest edible fungi production base in the country is Gutian County. The county has a large production volume of edible fungi and its export volume ranks first in the country. It is the capital of edible fungi in China. In particular, Tremella (white fungus) production accounts for 90% of the country's total.
Question 8: Types of Edible Fungi There are many types of edible fungi.
I don't know which aspect you are referring to. There are wood rot fungi, grass rot fungi, mycorrhizal fungi and so on.