My opinion on improving Chinese literacy
-Writing a composition for the college entrance examination -20 16 National Volume II
Text | Yang Defa (Founder of Scientific Chinese, Scientific Chinese Education Laboratory, WeChat: cq-ydf)
Modern Chinese Dictionary defines "cultivation" as "daily cultivation". The explanation of "cultivation" is: ○ 1 refers to a certain level of theory, knowledge, art and thought. 2 refers to the correct attitude towards others. Chinese literacy refers to the attitude and ability to use language developed on weekdays. Some people define literacy as: literacy = attitude χ ability. The author believes that Chinese literacy ≈ Chinese basic skills ≈ Chinese internal strength. People with high Chinese literacy are characterized by rigorous attitude in using language and strong ability in speaking and writing. People with low Chinese literacy are not rigorous in using language and writing, and can't speak or write. Most people with medium Chinese literacy are not strict in using words and words, and they are not good at speaking or writing, or they can speak or not write, or they can write or not speak. During the Warring States Period, Han Fei stuttered and could not speak, but could write. His collection of articles "Everything is done wrong" has become a masterpiece through the ages. There is a history teacher named Zhou in Sichuan University, who can speak and write well in class, but he can't write a paper, so he has never been evaluated as an associate professor. Zhuge Liang's oral expression is very strong. His "model" shows a strong ability to express words. On the surface, or as a result, people with high Chinese literacy can speak and write, but in essence, Chinese thinking ability is the core of the problem. Speaking and writing are output, thinking is processing. Chinese learning is input. To improve Chinese literacy, we must improve the input ability of language and characters, improve the thinking ability of language and characters (make great efforts to learn formal logic) and improve the output ability of language and characters.
How to improve the input ability of language and characters? Sensually, we should fully mobilize people's eyes, ears, nose, tongue and body. Spring is coming, can your "eyes" see the spring blossoms? Can you hear birds and bugs singing in your ear? Can your nose smell the flowers in spring? Can your tongue taste the taste of spring (such as cherry)? Did your feet go out for an outing? Did your hand touch Miss Chun's cheek? Speaking of the brain, what is your "brain" thinking in spring? What is the farmer's brain thinking in spring? What are the top leaders of all units thinking in spring? Why do you say "a year's plan lies in spring"? You write down the details of the spring you personally feel and the "truth" and "love" of the spring after thinking and processing, which is probably no less than Zhu Ziqing's spring. From the perspective of in-class learning, it is very important for Chinese teachers to teach effectively in class. From primary school to university, I have been taught Chinese by seven Chinese teachers. Because the primary school is in Tongli Village, Renxian Town, liangping county City, Chongqing, and I haven't studied Pinyin, and I haven't read the third book (the first issue of grade two) and the fourth book (the second issue of grade two) after I finished my first year, so I didn't lay a good foundation in Chinese until I graduated from high school. Although I don't have such good teachers as Yang Xianzong and Zhong Shaolin in middle school, I don't feel the fun of Chinese learning, so I have no interest in Chinese learning. In senior high school, 1983, I was admitted to the Physics Department of Chongqing Normal University with a score of 44 1 (450 for one line and 420 for two lines). That year, my physics score was 84 (out of 100 100), ranking first in liangping county and among 60 freshmen admitted to the Physics Department of Chongqing Normal University, but I only got 68 points in Chinese. I studied college Chinese (all ancient Chinese) in Chongqing Normal University for one year. The textbook is edited by Kuang Yaming of Nanjing University, and the teacher is Guo Sichun from the Chinese Department of Chongqing Normal University. Teacher Guo has a profound knowledge of Chinese studies. He spent three years in prison before liberation and 23 years after liberation. He told us the ancient prose such as Song of Eternal Sorrow, and I basically memorized it. From then on, I became interested in Chinese and went to the library every day. Every weekend, students from well-off families go to "Wan Li Road" (visiting various scenic spots in Chongqing), so I have to go to the library on the pretext of being ill. Four years in college, reading more than 10 thousand volumes. Books in the Tang Dynasty are not one by one, but written on a big piece of paper and then rolled up, so books are called rolls. Du Fu has: reading thousands of books, writing like a god. In fact, Du Fu's poems have revealed the main ways to improve Chinese literacy. ) The graduation thesis "On the Ways to Improve the Teaching Level in Middle Schools" (Instructor: Dai Teli) was rated as excellent. Because I developed the habit of reading and buying books in college, I have read no less than 500 books every year for nearly 30 years. It is much higher than the average reading of Jews (50 volumes). The key to effective classroom teaching is the Chinese literacy (basic skills) of Chinese teachers. The author has experienced seven Chinese teachers, and only Mr. Guo, a college Chinese teacher, was ill and woke me up! In other words, a good Chinese teacher is the most critical and important factor for students to improve their Chinese literacy.
In order to help people in the global village learn the heroic language, the author has been engaged in the scientific development and teaching research of Chinese for nearly ten years. The author dismantled all 7000 words in the Modern Chinese General Character List by computer, and found out what strokes there are in the Song Dynasty and the regular script of Chinese characters. Select 2 1 Chinese characters from 7000 characters, including all strokes and main structures of 7000 Chinese characters. In other words, as long as a person has written these 2 1 typical words, he can basically write 7000 lists of commonly used words in modern Chinese. It only takes 1 1 hour to write these 2 1 typical words from easy to difficult. The author's book "Scientific Writing-A Shortcut for Hard Pen Regular Script Entry" will be published soon, and the template for practicing Chinese characters (including 2 1 typical characters) has been patented by Chinese people. In the process of learning to write, it is found that the 32 strokes of Songti Chinese characters can be exactly divided into 9 categories. If 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 represents a category, the strokes of Chinese characters can be digitized. Therefore, Yang's stroke order code for Chinese character retrieval was invented, which can be used for dictionary compilation and library Chinese character retrieval. The author has compiled some reference books, such as Dictionary of Common Words (3,500 with Young's stroke order code for primary school students), Dictionary of Occasionally Used Words (3,500 with Young's stroke order code for middle school students), Dictionary of Most Commonly Used Idioms, and Simplified Dictionary of Ancient Chinese. Are you still using the radical indexing method invented by Xu Shen in Han Dynasty? Digital dictionary must be used in the digital age. The author compiled "Learning Materials for Scientific Chinese Literacy" (***8 volumes, and after learning it, he knew 7000 words. You must know more than 9300 words in Shuo Wen Jie Zi during the Han and Tang Dynasties. After learning the first book, you will know 170 Chinese characters, which will reach 50% coverage in reading. After learning Book 2, you will know 586 Chinese characters. This system completely subverts the Chinese textbook selection system invented by Ye Shengtao and Xia Gaizun, and separates literacy, reading, oral English and composition from the current synchronous teaching. For example, in the third grade of primary school, students are required to write 300 words. Pupils have poor literacy, writing difficulties and little life experience. After writing several times like squeezing toothpaste, they often regard writing as the most painful thing. From then on, they hated China people. How do they improve their Chinese literacy? The current Chinese teaching efficiency is extremely low, which makes most students afraid of writing. Even senior three graduates (who have studied Chinese for 12 years) can speak and write. After students know 3500 commonly used words, they will read and accumulate a lot (write barrier-free reading books). The author once met Zhang Xingdong, a junior high school Chinese teacher affiliated to Tsinghua University, in Chongqing Shapingba Book City. He finished reading "Learning Chinese by Mathematical Methods" in one go from 10: 00 in the morning. It was already five o'clock in the afternoon, and he forgot to have lunch. I once met Guangming Ding's "There are only three kinds of college entrance examination compositions in the world" at Sisif Bookstore in Shapingba. I finished reading at 2 pm, and it was already 9 pm, so I forgot to eat dinner. Have you ever suffered from insomnia and read a book? ), with the increase of students' experience, writing becomes extremely simple. It can be said that most people can speak and write when they study in thousands of books and take the Wan Li Road (life practice), and they all have high Chinese literacy.
Why do most Chinese teachers teach students to write, but they can't write articles themselves? In the book "The Secret of Brilliant Pen and Flowers" published by Americans, I saw a conclusion that spoken language is one area of the brain and written language is another area of the brain. Only by strengthening thinking training and linking the two fields can Chinese teaching speak, write and speak. How to get through? Writing letters and love letters is the best way. Readers of letters and love letters are clear. In order to impress the other party, be full of affection, clarify the truth, and have substance in words, the other party will often be moved after reading the letter or love letter. Guo Sichun, a Chinese teacher at my university, said, "Literature is a science of love." All written works are dedicated to the word "love". If Chinese teachers want to realize effective classroom teaching, they must work hard to cultivate students' thinking ability; If you want to improve your Chinese literacy and realize the skilled transformation from "spoken language" to "written language", you can exercise yourself by writing letters and love letters. Although the author is a physics teacher, he has published more than 90 papers and won 70 prizes. Among them, he published three long papers with more than 20,000 words, and published papers 1 article10.5 million words. The full text of the four papers is included in the newspaper Physics Teaching and Learning in Middle School of China Renmin University. At present, the scientific Chinese series compiled by the author has been basically completed. The author can talk naked about any course of physics in senior high school and many courses of teacher training. From my experience, it seems that the correct way to improve Chinese literacy is to return to the Chinese learning tradition in China for thousands of years-to separate literacy (called primary school in ancient times), reading, writing and oral English (oral English test in court exams). At present, oral English is not tested in quizzes, middle school entrance examinations and college entrance examinations, which is fundamentally wrong. (Oral English scores 20%) The Scientific Chinese Series aims to eliminate the selected languages invented by Ye Shengtao and Xia Gaizun (this is the best language written by writer Ye Kai in China, and it is also a selected language), so that people in 7 billion global villages can learn Chinese (speaking and writing) easily.