Driverless car is a kind of smart car, also known as wheeled mobile robot. It mainly relies on the intelligent driver in the car to achieve the goal of unmanned driving, and the intelligent driver is mainly based on the computer system.
According to Thomson Reuters's latest report on intellectual property and technology, from 20 10 to 20 15, there are more than 22,000 invention patents related to driverless car technology. In this process, some enterprises have become industry leaders in this field.
2. Driverless car technology
Like many other things, driverless driving actually has a gradual technological development process. Unmanned driving needs to be divided into different stages.
Phase 1: auxiliary driving phase. Driving assistance functions such as lane keeping and adaptive cruise are all technologies at this stage, but the driver is still the main operator.
The second stage: semi-automatic driving. At present, computer-controlled automatic driving can complete the process of going to the destination and can be used as a backup system to complete driving, but due to laws and regulations, it still cannot exist as the main body of the whole driving behavior.
The third stage: fully automatic driving. Technology, cost, legal balance and deregulation are no longer factors affecting popularization. The computer-controlled system already exists as a driver, and the driver can take over the operating system at any time.
Due to technical and regulatory constraints, most driverless cars are currently in the second stage. At present, the mainstream unmanned technologies are laser radar and camera plus ranging radar.
3. The technical principle of driverless cars
It mainly relies on intelligent drivers and on-board computer systems to realize unmanned driving. It usually uses on-board sensors to sense the surrounding environment of the vehicle, and controls the steering and speed of the vehicle according to the sensed information of the road, vehicle position and obstacles, so that the vehicle can run safely and reliably on the road. Driverless cars integrate many technologies such as automatic control, architecture, artificial intelligence and visual computing. It is the product of highly developed computer science, pattern recognition and intelligent control technology.