In the mid-18th century, Watt invented the steam engine. After that, people began to imagine installing the steam engine on a car to carry people. French N.J. Cugnot was the first person to install a steam engine on a car. In 1770, Guynew built a three-wheeled steam locomotive. The vehicle was 7.23 meters long and had a speed of 3.5 kilometers per hour. It was the world's first steam locomotive.
In 1858, he settled in Paris, France. Reno invented the gas engine and applied for a patent in 1860. The engine replaced the steam of the reciprocating steam engine with a mixture of gas and air, used batteries and induction coils to generate electric sparks, and used the electric sparks to ignite the mixture and explode. This This kind of engine has cylinders, pistons, connecting rods, flywheels, etc. The gas engine is the primary product of the internal combustion engine, because the compression ratio of the gas engine is zero.
In 1867, the German Otto (Nicolaus
August
Otto) was inspired by the development of gas engines in Reno. He conducted a lot of research on gas engines and produced a horizontal pneumatic gas engine. It was later improved and launched in France in 1878. The samples he produced were displayed at the international exhibition held by the company. Due to the high working efficiency of the engine, it aroused great interest among visitors. During the long-term research process, Otto proposed the four-stroke theory of internal combustion engines, which provided the basis for the development of internal combustion engines. The invention laid the theoretical foundation. Based on the principles of Otto's engine, the Germans Omler and Karl Benz each developed a gasoline engine with modern significance, paving the way for the development of automobiles.
1892 In 1957, German engineer Diesel developed a compression-ignition diesel engine based on the principle of constant-pressure thermal power cycle and obtained a patent for manufacturing this engine.
In 1957, German Wankel invented the Rotor piston engine, which is an important branch of the development of gasoline engines. The characteristic of the rotary engine is a mechanism that combines the inner rotor circle and the inner rotary wheel of the outer rotor circle. There is no crankshaft connecting rod and valve mechanism. It can The triangular piston motion is directly converted into rotational motion. Its number of parts is 40 less than that of reciprocating piston gasoline. It is light in weight, small in size, high in speed and high in power. In 1958, Wankel changed the outer rotor to a fixed rotor for planetary motion. A new rotary piston engine with a power of 22.79 kilowatts and a speed of 5500 rpm was made. The engine has important development value and has attracted the attention of various countries. Japan's Toyo Corporation (Mazda Corporation) bought the prototype of the rotary engine and put it into use The rotary engine is installed in the car. It can be said that the rotary engine was born in Germany and grew up in Japan.