At present, there are more than 70 series and more than 500 varieties of main single chip microcomputer products that have been put on the market. This does not include those special single-chip microcomputers customized by system or whole machine manufacturers, and single-chip microcomputer varieties for special business and special market. Here only introduce some common and commonly used single chip microcomputer series.
(1)805 1 single chip microcomputer
The 805 1/3 1 single chip microcomputer first introduced by Intel is also one of the most widely used single chip microcomputers in the world. Because Intel focuses on developing high-end chips compatible with PC, such as 186, 386, Pentium, etc. In terms of embedded applications, Intel subsequently exchanged or sold the right to use the 80C5 1 kernel to many famous IC manufacturers in the world, such as Philips, NEC, Atmel, AMD, Dallas, siemens, Fujutsu, OKI, Winbond, etc., which integrated their respective advantages on the basis of the compatibility between Baote and 80C5 1 single chip microcomputer. The peripheral circuits that meet the requirements of different measurement and control objects are expanded, such as A/D for analog input, PWM for servo drive, HSL/HSO for high-speed input/output control, WDT for serial expansion bus I2C, WDT for ensuring reliable operation of programs, and convenient and cheap Flash ROM is introduced, and hundreds of different functions are developed. In this way, 80C5 1 single chip microcomputer has become a big family supported by many chip manufacturers, collectively referred to as 80C5 1 series single chip microcomputer. The objective facts show that 80C5 1 has become the mainstream of 8-bit MCU and the de facto standard MCU chip.
(2) Motorola MCU
Motorola is the largest single-chip microcomputer manufacturer in the world, which is characterized by complete varieties, large choice and many new products. 8-bit machines include 68HC05 and upgraded product 68HC08. There are more than 30 series and more than 200 varieties of 68HC05, and the output has exceeded 2 billion pieces. 16 PC 68HC 16 more than ten varieties. There are dozens of varieties in 683XX series of 32-bit single chip microcomputer. One of the characteristics of Motorola single chip microcomputer is that the clock frequency used at the same speed is much lower than that of Intel single chip microcomputer, which makes it have low high-frequency noise and strong anti-interference, and is more suitable for industrial control field and harsh environment.
(3) Microchip microcontroller
Microchip microcontroller is the fastest growing market share. Its main product is 16C series 8-bit single chip microcomputer. The CPU adopts RISC structure with only 33 instructions. Its high speed, low voltage, low power consumption, high current LCD driving ability and low price OTP technology all reflect the new development trend of single chip microcomputer industry. And it is famous for its low price. Generally, the price of single chip microcomputer is below one dollar. PIC single chip microcomputer series products launched by American Microchip company have come out in three series and various models, which are widely used in various fields, from computer peripherals, home appliance control, telecommunications, intelligent instruments, automotive electronics to financial electronics. Microchip microcontrollers have no mask products, all of which are OTP devices (FLASH microcontrollers have only been introduced in recent years-editor's note). Microchip emphasizes cost-saving optimization design, and uses products with large quantity, low grade and price sensitivity.
(4)Atmel microcontroller
ATMEL's 90 series single chip microcomputer is a single chip microcomputer that enhances RISC's built-in Flash, usually referred to as AVR single chip microcomputer. The 90 series single chip microcomputer is based on the new RISC structure of simplified instruction. This structure is a new structure developed in 1990s, which combines semiconductor integration technology and software performance. This structure makes AVR MCU have the highest MIPS mw capability in the 8-bit microprocessor market.
(5)NEC MCU
NEC single chip microcomputer is self-contained, with the highest output of 8-bit single chip microcomputer 78K series, and 16-bit and 32-bit single chip microcomputer. 16-bit single chip microcomputer uses internal frequency doubling technology to reduce external clock frequency. Some single-chip computers use a built-in operating system. NEC's sales strategy focuses on serving large customers and invests considerable technical strength to help them develop products.
(6) Toshiba single chip microcomputer
Toshiba single chip microcomputer has a complete range from 4-bit single chip microcomputer to 64-bit single chip microcomputer. 4-bit computers still have a big market in the field of home appliances. 8-bit computers mainly include 870 series and 90 series. This single-chip microcomputer allows the use of slow mode, and the power consumption is as low as 10uA when using 32K clock. The use of multiple sets of registers in CPU makes interrupt response and processing faster. Toshiba 32-bit single-chip microcomputer adopts MIPS3000A RISC CPU structure, which faces the markets of VCD, digital camera and image processing.
(7) Fujitsu MCU
Fujitsu has 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit microcontrollers, of which 8-bit microcontrollers mainly include 3V products and 5V products. 3V products are used in consumer and portable devices, such as air conditioners, washing machines, refrigerators, electric meters and small household appliances, and 5V products are used in industrial and automotive electronics. The 8-bit single chip microcomputer has two series, 8L and 8FX, which are the two most common series in the market. 16-bit mainstream microcontrollers include MB90F387, MB90F462, MB90F548, MB90F428, etc. These single-chip computers are mainly packaged in 64-pin QFP or 100-pin QFP, with 1 or multi-channel CAN bus, and can expand the bus, which is suitable for elevator, automobile electronic body control and industrial control. 32-bit single chip microcomputer adopts RISC structure, and its main products are MB 911a. It is encapsulated by 100 pin QFP, with ultra-low cost and expandable bus, which is suitable for POS machines, bank tax-controlled printers, etc. MB9 1F362GA, 208-pin QFP package, CAN bus, extensible bus, suitable for electric power and industrial control, etc. Rich communication interfaces such as MB9 1F364GA, 120-pin LQFP package, CAN bus and I2C support low-cost online simulation technology, which are widely used in various applications requiring high performance and low cost. Fujitsu focuses on serving large companies and customers and helping them develop products.
Since the appearance of single chip microcomputer in the 1970s, it has developed rapidly in just a few decades. With the continuous development of technology and technology, new single-chip computers will appear continuously.