"Green algae contains a lot of chlorophyll. When they gather on the sea surface, they can be identified by optical satellites, thus obtaining the overall range of green tides. " Li Rui, senior engineer of Beihai Forecast Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, said.
China's marine early warning department has established a perfect three-dimensional observation system, which can monitor the green tide in coastal and marine key areas in various ways, so as to obtain the accurate distribution range of green tide. Among them, including satellites, planes, ships, ocean stations, radars, buoys, etc.
2. Red tide
Red tide will lead to discoloration of water body and bring harm to marine life. Zhao Sheng, a senior engineer at Beihai Environmental Monitoring Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, said that the location and scope of red tide can be determined mainly by monitoring ships at sea and combining satellite remote sensing monitoring.
Through on-site sampling at sea and laboratory analysis, the information such as the types of red tide and whether it is toxic or not is obtained. According to the data of near-sea wind field and current, the drift direction and speed of red tide in the future are predicted by numerical simulation.
3. Wave
Wave disaster is the most prominent marine disaster that threatens the life safety of offshore people. Zhao Peng introduced that the current wave monitoring methods include: using X-band radar, S-band radar and other equipment to carry out large-area observation of waves, and carrying out fixed-point observation of waves through wave buoys of ocean stations and comprehensive observation buoys at sea. In the tsunami disaster,
The emergency mobile monitoring vehicle is used to carry out on-site supplementary observation on key coastal sections to obtain observation data such as wave height and wave direction, predict future wave changes in combination with weather situation changes, and make and release wave early warning information products.
4, tsunami
In recent years, China has strengthened the monitoring and early warning of tsunami disasters. Zhao Peng said that data such as tsunami wave height and tsunami wave propagation period were obtained in real time through tsunami observation buoys deployed on the high seas and oceans. Through numerical simulation, the information of tsunami wave propagation speed, propagation direction and wave height change is predicted, and tsunami warning information is made and released.
5. Sea ice
The formation of sea ice has a serious impact on aquaculture, transportation, oil and gas exploitation and other industries. Jiao Yan, a senior engineer of Beihai Forecast Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, told the reporter that China's sea ice monitoring started at 1959 and has gone through the development process of manual visual inspection, ship monitoring, aerial monitoring and satellite remote sensing monitoring.
These include: satellite remote sensing, aerial remote sensing, shore-based (island-based) radar, buoy ice condition measurement, offshore platform radar video monitoring, ship-borne ice thickness monitoring technology, vehicle-borne radar and other monitoring and monitoring technologies.