China is one of the countries with the richest natural resources and biodiversity in the world. By the end of 20001,there were various nature reserves 155 1 and national nature reserves 17 1, covering an area of1450,000 hectares, accounting for1of the national territory. The forestry system has established 909 nature reserves, including 155 national nature reserves, with a total area of 103 million hectares, accounting for10.63% of the national land area [4]. These nature reserves protect 70% of terrestrial ecosystem species, 80% of wild animals and 60% of higher plants in China, and also protect about 20 million hectares of original natural forests, natural secondary forests and about 6,543,802 hectares of typical wetlands. . .
First place: unparalleled-Mount Everest Nature Reserve (Shigatse, Tibet)
Natural index: ★★★★★★★
Introduction:
Everyone knows that Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. In my impression, it is very cold here and the altitude is extremely high. In fact, this is a place where natural life is endless. It is said that there are more than 2000 kinds of higher plants. The climatic characteristics of "snow at the top of the mountain, spring at the foot of the mountain, and different days in ten miles" provide conditions for the growth of many creatures, especially many precious plants. As a nature reserve, rich animals and plants and precious species are the basic conditions, but compared with other nature reserves, the altitude of Mount Everest is incomparable to any other nature reserve.
Second place: For the last Tibetan antelope-Hoh Xil Nature Reserve (Yushu, Qinghai)
Natural index: ★★★★★★★
introduce
In the vast and barren land of Hoh Xil, the beauty and cruelty of life are presented in an unobstructed view: a group of people and a group of sheep constitute almost all the essence of existence here: sheep are simply living and constantly resisting the cruel living environment endowed by nature; People are working hard and clinging to a pure ideal and a fragile balance. When the Tibetan antelope becomes a tool for human beings to steal wealth, it loses the right to choose, and its survival and freedom may be deprived at any time. The extremely difficult natural environment in Hoh Xil disbanded a non-governmental organization to protect the wild yak team of Tibetan antelopes. Fortunately, the protection of Tibetan antelopes continues. I hope this place, which means "beautiful girl" in Mongolian, can restore her beauty.
Third place: the mystery hidden in the forest-Shennongjia National Nature Reserve (Hubei)
Natural index: ★★★★★
According to legend, Shennong (Emperor Yan) tasted a hundred herbs here, which won the name of Shennongjia for the people. Shennongjia, with excellent scenery and many stories, has been full of mysterious colors since the legend found the savage. Many people want to see the "primitive" secrets in this lush forest, but they always hide half of her face behind her guitar from us. In addition to spying on the secrets of savages, it is also a special enjoyment to feel the original natural scenery of Shennongjia and experience the climate characteristics of "spring at the foot of summer, ice at the top of autumn, wind, frost, rain and snow coexist, and it is the most difficult to distinguish between spring, summer, autumn and winter".
Fourth place: Wolong Nature Reserve, the hometown of national treasures (Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province)
Natural index: ★★★★★
When it comes to Wolong, it is inevitable to say that the giant panda, a remote place, is a household name because of the giant panda. Wolong is rich in animal and plant resources, and the relative height difference in the ditch is more than 5 100 meters. Siguniang Mountain, not far from Wolong, has also become a famous tourist attraction. But no matter what beautiful scenery and other natural resources there are, when it comes to Wolong, the first impression is the giant panda, just like when it comes to James Bond, everyone will think of 007. Who made the giant panda a national treasure? A national treasure must be a national treasure, and its habitat must be as famous as a national treasure.
The nature reserve is located in Wenchuan County, including Wolong Township and Gengda Township, and is a special zone directly under the provincial government. The area is 52 kilometers long from east to west and 62 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of about 700,000 hectares. Wolong Nature Reserve is located at the eastern foot of Qionglai Mountain, in the high mountain and canyon zone of the transition zone from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to Sichuan Basin. There are 10 1 blocks in the mountains over 5000 meters, and the highest peak, Siguniang Mountain, is 6250 meters above sea level. The lowest elevation in the ditch is 1 150m, and the relative elevation difference is 5 100m. Here, the peaks overlap, the fog fills the air, and the primary forest, secondary shrub forest and arrow bamboo forest are lush. There are 3000 or 4000 species of plants in the nature reserve, including rare plants such as Sichuan redwood and Acer ginnala. There are more than 50 kinds of mammals, more than 300 kinds of birds and 29 kinds of precious animals protected by the state.
Wolong is an ideal area for the survival and reproduction of living fossil giant pandas. The terrain here is high and humid, which is very suitable for the growth of arrow bamboo and birch bamboo, the main foods of giant pandas. Wolong Nature Reserve has been listed as a United Nations international biosphere reserve, with a giant panda research center and a giant panda field ecological observation station.
Fifth place: Fanjingshan Nature Reserve (Guizhou), a nature reserve full of Buddhist culture.
Natural index: ★★★★★
In the botany textbook of middle school, Fan Jingshan was mentioned. At that time, I knew that it was a member of the United Nations "Man and Biosphere" Nature Reserve, and I was deeply saddened by the biological resources it cherished. However, the name Fan Jing always feels a little religious. Later, I learned that Fan Jing is indeed a famous Buddhist resort at home and abroad. In this nature reserve, there are precious golden monkeys and giant salamanders, as well as many third and fourth stage plant species. It is a nature reserve with the richest animal and plant resources at the same latitude.
Fanjingshan Nature Reserve is the first nature reserve in Guizhou Province approved by Guizhou Provincial People's Government 1978. 1986 the State Council was approved as a national nature reserve. In the same year, it was approved by the Director of International Coordination of Man and Biosphere of UNESCO, and was accepted as a member of the World Man and Biosphere (MAB) Protected Area Network, making it the fourth international biosphere reserve in China.
Fan Jing is located between Jiangkou, Songtao and Yinjiang, and it is the transition zone from Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau to the hills of western Hunan. Located in the subtropical center of China. The annual average temperature is 6- 17℃, the annual average precipitation is1100-1600 mm, and the annual average relative humidity is over 80%, which has the typical humid climate characteristics of subtropical monsoon mountainous areas in China.
Fan Jingshan is very big, with towering terrain and overlapping mountains. Phoenix Mountain, the highest peak, is 2572 meters above sea level, Jinding Mountain is 2493 meters above sea level, while Panxikou at the foot of Dongpo Mountain is only 500 meters above sea level, with a height difference of more than 2000 meters. With the valley topography of Phoenix Mountain and Jinding as the center, various landform types such as low hills, low mountains and hills are scattered around. The mountain is majestic, with steep slopes and deep valleys. The ancients said it was "Cui Wei without reducing the five mountains". Today, people praise it as "the wonder of Huangshan Mountain and the show of Emei"
Fan Jingshan's natural environment and forest ecosystem have basically not been destroyed by human beings, but have been preserved in a relatively primitive state, which is an extremely precious primitive "background" in China's subtropical region. Fan Jing is a relatively balanced forest ecosystem, with dense and well-preserved forests and a coverage rate of over 80%. In particular, the evergreen broad-leaved forest in the middle subtropical zone is the most typical, with strong primitiveness and obvious difference in vertical distribution. There are rich rare plant species and many ancient plant heritage communities here. According to preliminary investigation, there are more than 40 kinds of precious plants here, among which Davidia involucrata is the most concentrated, rich and distinctive. There are also rare plants such as Abies fargesii, thick-shelled and thick-shelled under national first-class protection, and Liriodendron chinense, Siraitia grosvenorii, Cephalotaxus fortunei, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Magnolia Officinalis, Magnolia Officinalis and Acer ginnala under national second-class protection. In addition, there are many endemic plants in Fan Jing mountain area, some of which are only found in Fan Jing mountain area. Besides the famous Abies in Fan Jing, there are also Rhododendron in Guizhou, Mosquito Mother Tree in Guizhou and Xiangxiu Chrysanthemum in Guizhou.
Sixth place: Hanas Natural Landscape Protection Area-Deducing European Ecological Map (Altay, Xinjiang)
Natural index: ★★★★
This is the only flora and fauna distribution area in South Siberia, China. Siberia has precious tree species such as larch, Korean pine, spruce, fir and many birch forests. There are hospitable Kazakhs living here. It's like a picturesque Moon Bay. There is the mysterious Tuwa village here ... this is Hanas in northern Xinjiang. Overlooking Hanas, you can see the snow, jungle and meadow at the northern foot of the Alps. Walking into Hanas, you will vaguely feel the rural atmosphere of Eastern Europe.
Seventh place: Dinghushan Nature Reserve-an oasis in the northern degraded desert zone (Zhaoqing, Guangdong)
Natural index: ★★★★
On the regression line of the northern hemisphere, except India, the northern part of the Sino-Indian Peninsula and Dinghu Mountain, more than two-thirds of China's land belongs to desert, semi-desert or arid grassland, while Dinghu Mountain has a complete ecosystem, a forest coverage rate of over 78% and a distinct vertical distribution of plants ... It is an indisputable "green pearl" on the Tropic of Cancer. Walking into Dinghu Mountain, you enjoy nature and green. Dinghushan has become a famous "leisure oxygen bar" in South China.
Dinghushan, the first national nature reserve in China and the first mountain in Lingnan, is located at 23 10 north latitude and1234 east longitude, because it has completely preserved the zonal vegetation with a history of more than 400 years-subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest. Therefore, it is praised by Chinese and foreign scientists as "an oasis in the desert belt returned from the north".
More than 2500 kinds of higher plants grow in Dinghushan, accounting for about a quarter of the total plants in Guangdong Province. Among them, there are 22 rare and endangered plants such as Alsophila spinulosa, Bauhinia and Aquilaria sinensis in relict plant, which are called "living fossils" and contemporary with dinosaurs. There are more than 40 kinds of plants endemic to South China, such as mangosteen, raspberry, Dinghu Holly and Cinnamomum camphora. There are more than 900 species of insects and more than 200 species of animals, among which pangolins and civets are the rare animals under state protection 15 species.
Eighth place: There is a true story-Yancheng Red-crowned Crane Nature Reserve (Yancheng, Jiangsu)
Natural index: ★★★★
"When you walked across the river, did you hear that a girl had been here ... and a group of red-crowned cranes flew lightly?" This is a popular song a few years ago, which describes the story of a girl who died trying to save the red-crowned crane. When I first heard this song, I wanted to know where the story happened. Finally, I saw in the media that it happened in Yancheng, the "hometown" of the red-crowned crane. There are 450,000 hectares of nature reserves here, and about 400 species of birds, especially the wild red-crowned crane, which accounts for nearly half of the world, come here for winter every year. I long for one day, I can "fly" to this place where touching stories have happened and see beautiful red-crowned cranes.
Yancheng National Rare Birds Nature Reserve, also known as "UNESCO Yancheng Biosphere Reserve". 1983 was established with the approval of Jiangsu Provincial People's Government, 1992 was promoted to a national nature reserve with the approval of the State Council, and in the same year1was approved as a biosphere reserve by UNESCO's World Coordinating Council for Man and Biosphere, becoming the ninth member of China's "World Biosphere Reserve Network" and being listed as "/kloc-"
Ninth place: the kingdom of animals and plants-Xishuangbanna Tropical Rainforest Nature Reserve (Xishuangbanna, Yunnan)
Natural index: ★★★★
Xishuangbanna has gathered more than 5,000 species of tropical animals and plants, covering an area of nearly 20,000 square kilometers, which is amazing. "One wood makes a forest", "Flower King", "Hanging Garden" and graceful peacocks are all beautiful pictures carefully drawn by nature in Xishuangbanna, and they are tropical atmosphere that can be fully appreciated without going abroad. If you wander around the Dai village in Xishuangbanna, apart from the characteristic folk customs, it is lush.
Xishuangbanna Tropical Rainforest Nature Reserve is located in Jinghong, Mengla and Menghai counties in Xishuangbanna, southern Yunnan Province. With a total area of 2420.2 square kilometers, its tropical rain forest, south subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, rare animal and plant populations and the whole forest are of great ecological value, and it is the only well-preserved contiguous tropical forest in the world, which has attracted great attention at home and abroad.
There are many types of forests in the reserve. There are many kinds of forest plants, with well-developed roots, rich woody vines, widespread strangulation of plants and prominent flowering of old stems. There are 8 vegetation types and more than 3,500 species of higher plants in the area, accounting for about one-eighth of the national higher plants. Among them, there are 58 species of rare and endangered plants listed in the national key protection, accounting for 15% of the national protected plants. There are 865,438+06 species of useful wood, 25 species of bamboo and woven vines, 65,438+036 species of oil plants, 62 species of aromatic plants, 39 species of tanning plants, 32 species of resin and gum, more than 90 species of fiber plants, 65,438+034 species of wild fruits and flowers, and 782 species of medicinal plants. Nature reserve is one of the genetic gene banks of tropical plants in China, and it is also a treasure in tropical treasure land in China.
Tenth place: Jigongshan Nature Reserve, a green summer resort (Henan)
Natural index: ★★
"Chu Yu is clearly separated and the pressure is balanced." "It's cool to be here because it steams people to death." This is the crowning touch of the description of Jigongshan by predecessors. Jigong Mountain is located in the south of Henan and the north of Chu. It is not only the four famous summer resorts in China, but also a national nature reserve with more than 5,000 kinds of animal and plant resources. Walking into Jigong Mountain can really make people feel the benefits that nature brings to mankind.