1. Fertilization method: Sweet potato is an underground root crop, and the demand for potassium fertilizer is relatively large. Fertilizer is the basis of increasing production and income of sweet potato. Fertilizer is the treasure of crops, and it can't grow without it. A flower of a crop depends entirely on fertilizer and is not suitable for use.
Management, output is a problem, fertilizer is not enough, and income is discounted. 50- 100 kg of double-chelated and double-patented high-potassium compound fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of 17- 14-20 can be applied per mu of sweet potato land, but sweet potatoes do not need it.
If there is too much nitrogen fertilizer, the sweet potato seedlings will grow longer and will not bear sweet potatoes. In rainy weather and heavy rainfall, sweet potato fruit will become soft and rotten, and raw chicken manure, pig manure, duck manure and various animal manure cannot be treated harmlessly.
Farmhouse manure can't be used either, otherwise it will make the potato pieces soft and rotten. Nitrate nitrogen fertilizer will make potato chips crack and rough skin, which will affect the commodity value and cannot be applied. It is best to conditionally apply 100 ~ 200 kg of meat protein active bacteria.
Commercial organic fertilizer and plant ash organic fertilizer, plant ash is a kind of fertilizer with high potassium oxide content, which is needed by underground root crops. These fertilizers are used as base fertilizers or as furrow fertilizers when ridging and applying to the ground. It is necessary to grow sweet potatoes.
Ridge cultivation and flat cultivation are not conducive to the expansion of sweet potato root system.
2. Skills of applying potassium fertilizer: Sweet potato is a potassium-loving crop. Among the three elements of fertilizer, the demand for potassium is the largest, followed by nitrogen and phosphorus. Usually, the content ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in sweet potato tuber is 2: 1:3. because
If the sweet potato lacks potassium in the early growth stage, the internodes and petioles become shorter, the leaves become smaller, and the veins of the old leaves lacking potassium are seriously green and gradually necrotic and fall off, which has a great impact on the yield. Therefore, the scientific application of potash fertilizer is red.
Important measures for high and stable yield of potato. Applying enough potassium fertilizer as base fertilizer is the basis of high yield of sweet potato. Therefore, priority should be given to high-quality organic fertilizer. Because of the poor water and fertilizer conservation ability of sandy soil, semi-mature organic fertilizer should be used as base fertilizer; And clay
It is advisable to apply decomposed organic fertilizer. Combined with ploughing and ridging, plant ash 100 ~ 150 kg or 3500 ~ 5000 kg of high-quality farmyard manure containing more potassium should be applied in layers. Plant ash is being applied.
Be careful not to mix with ammonium nitrogen fertilizer or human feces to avoid nitrogen volatilization loss. In addition, sweet potato is a chlorine-free crop and cannot be applied with potassium chloride. Potatoes soaked in potassium can improve the survival rate and promote early development. The specific approach is: yes.
0.5 kg of potassium sulfate and 25 kg of water are fully stirred to prepare a concentration of 2%. Soak the cut sweet potato vine seedlings in potassium solution, and the upper leaves should be in contact with water. After general soaking 1 hour, take it out and dry it a little before planting. Zai Zai
After about 40 days, potassium sulfate 10 kg per mu was used to open holes at the base of potato seedlings 7 ~ 10 cm, and then covered with soil to promote the formation and expansion of tuberous roots. When the potato vine grows to about 1 m, it is early without wind and dew.
Use about 50 kilograms of plant ash per mu in the morning and sprinkle it directly on the leaves, which can prevent the vines from growing white and promote the swelling of potato pieces. During the potato expansion period, if the soil is wet and rainy and the vine leaves turn to Huang Shi, plant ash can be applied more.
3 Plastic film mulching management technology Sweet potato has physiological characteristics of being afraid of waterlogging and drought. It used to be said that sweet potato is a drought-tolerant grass, but it should not be too short of water. It is necessary to ensure the temperature and humidity of the ground and create conditions for the expansion of sweet potato slices.
Water and waterlogging. We promote the new technology of plastic film mulching, that is, after spreading the prepared fertilizer evenly, we use a rotary cultivator to make a ridge with a width of 30 ~ 40 cm and a depth of 20 ~ 25 cm, and plant two on the ridge.
Line sweet potatoes, plant spacing of 30 ~ 45 cm. After April 25th, sweet potato can be transplanted in the wet soil after spring and wheat harvest, while planting seedlings, and irrigating the roots with 400 times of total nutrient and trace element fertilizer Dizhongbao.
Irrigation with water, half a bowl of water per hole, sandy loam and clay ground can be combined with 1000 times of soil conditioner at the same time, without deep ploughing, which provides a relaxed soil environment and sufficient nutrient supply for potato expansion. After planting, spray it on it.
Grass agent, then cover the sweet potato ridge with black, red or white mulch film with a width of 90 ~ 100 cm, furrow and press the soil on both sides to prevent the wind from damaging the mulch film, and then dig a small hole in the mulch film where there are sweet potato seedlings.
When introducing seedlings, hold the dry soil and press the small hole to prevent the wind from entering the damage from under the plastic film. When the tuber swells, water the root once with the proportion of the above trace element fertilizer.