Shandong education publishing house i.
Teaching objectives 1, knowledge and ability
Understand the position of the constitution in our legal system, know that the constitution is the fundamental law of our country, and understand why the constitution has become the fundamental law.
Understand the relationship between the constitution and citizens, the constitution and state institutions, and understand the role of the constitution in protecting citizens' rights and the ways to play this role.
Understand the necessity for citizens to seriously study and consciously abide by the Constitution, and know how to actively exercise their supervisory rights and safeguard the authority of the Constitution.
2. Emotions, attitudes and values
Feel the seriousness and authority of the constitution, feel the importance of the constitution to the vital interests of citizens, enhance the legal concept, improve the constitutional awareness, stimulate the interest in legal knowledge, develop the thinking habit of advocating the law, and form the behavior habit of obeying the law and doing things according to law.
According to the requirements of the legal society for citizens, we should mold individual personality and form a correct view of human rights. Under the guidance of the highest norms of the Constitution, we should gradually improve students' sense of ownership, consciously care about state affairs and social affairs, and actively and accurately exercise their right to supervise the country.
Teaching emphasis: The Constitution guarantees citizens' rights, and citizens should establish constitutional consciousness.
Teaching Difficulties: How to Effectively Protect Civil Rights?
Teaching methods Teachers teach situational teaching methods and guidance methods.
Student cooperative learning method
Teaching preparation The teacher prepares the teaching plan.
Students prepare for preview.
Teaching step
Teacher activities, student activities
First, import:
Guide the students to read the textbook P 19, Scenario discussion, "Brothers argue, I'll calm it down."
Which law has the highest legal status in China's legal system and why?
Second, the Constitution is the fundamental law of the country.
A group must have a constitution, and a country must also have a constitution. The constitution is the general constitution and the fundamental law of the country. Mao Zedong
1, the Constitution is the fundamental law of the country, which occupies a primary position in our legal system. Because:
1). The Constitution stipulates the basic issues of national life.
2) The Constitution has the highest legal effect.
3) The procedure of making and amending the Constitution is stricter than ordinary laws.
2. Thinking: Constitution (parent law) and ordinary laws (sub-laws, such as contract law, anti-unfair competition law, education law, compulsory education law, trademark law, patent law, criminal law, etc. ) the difference between:
(1), the Constitution stipulates the fundamental issues of national life.
The Constitution stipulates the nature, fundamental system, fundamental task, organizational form of state power, basic economic system, basic rights and obligations of citizens, organization and functions of state organs, national symbols and other fundamental issues in national life.
Ordinary laws only stipulate one aspect of national life.
(2) The Constitution has the highest legal effect.
Ordinary laws are formulated according to the constitution, which is the embodiment of the constitution; Ordinary laws shall not contravene the Constitution, otherwise they will be invalid.
(3) The formulation and revision of the Constitution is stricter than ordinary laws.
Discrimination: Criminal Law+Civil Law+Compulsory Education Law+Juvenile Protection Law+= Constitution. Is this view correct? Why?
3. The basic contents of China's current constitution: preface and general outline, citizens' rights and obligations, state institutions, the national flag and emblem of the capital.
Third, the effective protection of civil rights by the Constitution.
Guide students to read the textbook P20 "Social Scenery" and discuss:
How does China's Constitution protect citizens' legitimate rights and interests?
What role does the Constitution play in our daily life?
1, the basic content of the constitution
Standardize the correct exercise of state rights and protect citizens' basic rights.
Constitution is the guarantee of citizens' rights: it not only stipulates the basic rights of citizens, but also stipulates the tasks of state organs to protect citizens' rights, so that citizens' rights are effectively guaranteed.
2. The Constitution's norms and restrictions on public power * * *
National rights come from the people and are given by citizens through the enjoyment of rights. Any right that is not endowed by the political rights of citizens is not a legal right. On the other hand, state organs must use their rights to protect and safeguard citizens' rights.
3. State organs guarantee the realization of citizens' rights according to the requirements of the Constitution.
The Constitution entrusts state institutions with the responsibility of protecting citizens' rights, and state institutions also have corresponding responsibilities in protecting citizens' basic rights, such as:
right to education
The government creates conditions or provides opportunities for protecting the right to work.
Social security right
equal rights
political right and freedom
The government provides active legal protection.
private freedom
Right of religious belief
4. Civil rights protection system with the Constitution as the core.
Legislative guarantee: the legislature formulates and improves various laws and regulations, so that citizens can have laws to follow when protecting their rights and interests.
Judicial guarantee: improve the lawyer system, judge system and legal aid system.
Case: The former county party secretary of a county said in a report at a zd meeting, "Do you think it is the official university or the law university?" I can tell you for sure that it is an official university! Because the law is made by people! Where there is no one, there is no one, and the place where Dafa is big is big, so it is a big official! Sitting here, I ask you, can you be the president of your court without mentioning your name? Can you be the attorney general if I don't mention your name? I don't think any of you can. "
According to the materials and knowledge, answer the following questions:
(1) After learning the constitutional knowledge, you must have a basis to refute this secretary's "wild talk". Please write it down.
(2) How are you going to persuade the former county party secretary?
Fourth, establish constitutional consciousness and safeguard constitutional authority.
Constitution is the fundamental law of the country and the highest code of conduct for all groups, organizations and all citizens. As citizens, we should establish constitutional consciousness and safeguard constitutional authority.
1, seriously study the Constitution and consciously abide by it.
2. Actively exercise the right of citizen supervision.
3. Actively participate in the political life of the country and care about the affairs of state administration.
Guide students to read the textbook P25, "Reading and Feeling" and "Suggestions on urging a department to cancel zd regulations"
Thinking: The article introduces two identities of legal adviser: citizen and doctor of law. What does this mean?
A suggestion, why can the highest administrative organ change the zd regulations?
Practice and practical activity evaluation guide:
Textbook P23 "Social Scenery" polishes eyes and protects rights.
Read the textbook P23-24 carefully and think:
1, according to the relevant provisions of the Constitution, explain which basic rights of citizens have been violated by the above actions.
2. "I will continue the story":
If you are a friend of Xiao Zhang, Xiao Li or a watch factory worker, they complain to you, but they don't know what to do because they don't know the Constitution. As a friend, you give them advice and successfully continue the story.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) abstract
Six, teaching postscript
teaching
Self-examination/introspection
Eighth grade, the second volume of political textbooks, Shandong Education Press II.
New teaching hours for project courses
Knowledge and ability of teaching objectives:
1, understand the meaning of citizens' basic rights and obligations, and understand the basic rights and obligations enjoyed by citizens as stipulated in our Constitution.
2. Understand the complementary and inseparable relationship between citizens' basic rights and obligations. Know how to enjoy rights according to law, exercise rights according to law, and respect the legitimate rights of others.
3. Be able to safeguard rights, shoulder responsibilities and fulfill obligations with practical actions.
Emotions, attitudes and values
1, feel the importance of civil rights. Know how to cherish, enjoy and defend one's rights, realize the sanctity of civil rights, have heartfelt respect for the rights of others, and have heartfelt sympathy and willingness to help when the rights of others are violated.
2. Strengthening the performance of legal obligations is conscious, enhancing citizens' awareness of rights and social responsibilities, improving legal awareness, having a strong desire and courage to safeguard rights according to law, and having the enthusiasm, initiative and lasting patience to perform obligations.
3. Establish the consciousness of the unity of rights and obligations, and enhance the desire and confidence to be the future master of the country.
Emphasize the difficulties in teaching
Teaching emphasis: the content of citizens' basic rights and obligations.
How do citizens safeguard their rights and fulfill their obligations?
Teaching difficulty: the relationship between rights and obligations
Teaching methods Teachers teach situational teaching methods and guidance methods.
Student cooperative learning method
Teaching preparation The teacher prepares the teaching plan.
Students prepare for preview.
Teaching step
Teacher activities, student activities
teaching process
Introduction: Recently, CCTV broadcasted the relevant matters that migrant workers need to pay attention to when looking for a job: understanding the specific situation of the employer, signing a trial contract with the employer, and paying wages with the employer. Why remind them of these things (in order to better safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, but also to supervise the employer to fulfill its obligations, not to infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of workers. )
Rights and obligations of subject citizens
First, the basic rights and obligations of citizens.
1, the meaning of citizens' basic rights and obligations (students read the textbook to answer)
2. What are the basic rights and obligations that citizens enjoy under the Constitution and laws (students will draw up the contents when reading textbooks)?
● Judgment and explanation: Have you read the textbook P 12? 13 thinking: The picture above shows what rights citizens enjoy and what obligations they have to perform. Besides, can you list other rights and obligations enjoyed by China citizens (students think and list)?
Analysis and discussion: Some people say, "Since the Constitution and laws give me rights, I can do whatever I want." Do you think this is right/why?
Second, the unity of civil rights and obligations.
● Talk about analysis; Some people think that "enjoying rights is my business, and fulfilling obligations is someone else's business." How do you evaluate this view and why?
1, rights and obligations are interdependent and inseparable.
● Thinking: Have you ever heard of Ding Xiaobing? If the students know, let them introduce his deeds, otherwise, the teacher will briefly introduce his deeds. Why did the country give him so many honors? (Students analyze and answer. )
2. The rights and obligations of citizens complement and promote each other.
● Discussion: Some people say that "education is the basic right of citizens. If you want to go to school, you can go to school. If you don't want to go to school, you can't go to school" (student analysis)
3. Some rights and obligations of citizens are combined with each other.
● classmate Xiao Li, who dropped out of school in the second day because of family financial difficulties. In order to increase the family income, his parents sent him to work in a factory. What's your attitude towards this matter? (Students analyze, discuss and answer, and the teacher briefly summarizes: Every citizen should know the law, safeguard his legal rights according to law, and at the same time fulfill his obligations.).
Third, safeguard rights and fulfill obligations.
1, safeguarding rights: enjoy rights according to law, exercise rights according to law, and respect the rights of others.
Thinking and Analysis: During the Spring Festival, some people engaged in entertainment activities at home and made a big noise, which seriously affected the rest of their neighbors. They even said confidently, "Entertainment activities are citizens' rights and no one can shut them down. "What do you think of this?
2. Consciously fulfill obligations: (Students draw books)
● Class summary: Question: What did you learn from this class? What will you do in the future?
Homework: Complete the questions in the workbook.
teaching
Self-examination/introspection
The eighth grade political textbook Volume II, Shandong Education Press III.
Teaching objectives 1, knowledge and ability
Understand the meaning, relevant legal provisions and specific contents of the right to personal freedom of Chinese citizens; Knowing that citizens' personal freedom is the most basic right of citizens, legal means can be used to safeguard personal freedom from infringement.
Understand the constitution of citizens' right to life and health, know that the right to life and health is citizens' highest personal rights and interests, and know that China's Constitution and laws protect citizens' right to life and health, and that minors' right to life and health is specially protected by law.
Improving middle school students' ability to distinguish right from wrong can correctly distinguish which behaviors are violations of citizens' personal freedom and right to life and health, and what sanctions should be imposed on violations of citizens' personal freedom and right to life and health. In particular, we can correctly distinguish between behaviors that infringe on the right to life and health of middle school students, know how to protect ourselves from illegal and criminal acts, and prevent all kinds of safety accidents.
2. Emotions, attitudes and values
Through learning, we can know what citizens' personal freedom and life and health rights are. Knowing the citizen's right to personal freedom is the minimum and basic right that citizens should enjoy, and it is the premise for citizens to participate in various social activities and enjoy all other rights. Citizens' life and health are the conditions for citizens to maintain their working ability, action ability and happy life, so that they can consciously respect their own personal freedom and life and health, and lay the foundation for forming a belief in highly respecting freedom and life.
When one's personal freedom and life and health are illegally violated, one can use legal weapons correctly and safeguard one's rights and interests through legal channels. When encountering behaviors that damage citizens' personal freedom or endanger people's life and health in society, they can seek help through correct channels without endangering their own life safety and safeguard other citizens' personal freedom and life and health rights.
In the daily life of middle school students, we should abide by the law and try to avoid all kinds of behaviors that infringe on others' personal freedom and life health, so that our youth can live more brilliantly under the constraints of law and morality.
Teaching emphasis: personal freedom is the most basic right of citizens, and the law protects citizens' right to life and health from illegal infringement; Middle school students should consciously safeguard their own and others' right to life freedom.
Difficulties in teaching: do not illegally search citizens' bodies, and do not illegally arrest or detain citizens.
Teaching methods Teachers teach situational teaching methods and guidance methods.
Student cooperative learning method
Teaching preparation The teacher prepares the teaching plan.
Students prepare for preview.
Teaching step
Teacher activities, student activities
first kind
First, import:
Birds need a vast sky to spread their wings and fly, and life needs a free world to grow healthily. National laws protect our basic rights of personal freedom and life and health.
Second, citizens' personal freedom and right to life and health.
1, citizens' right to personal freedom
(1) The meaning of citizens' personal freedom
(2) Why is personal freedom the most basic right of citizens?
(3) Can you list the illegal acts that violate citizens' personal freedom?
2. Citizens' right to life and health
Personal right of life first.
(1) Right to life and health, right to physical health
The right to health is an important individual right.
Mental health right
(2) Everyone is very small when facing the world alone and has the right to protect his life. But should the lives of birds, flowers and so on, which are equally small, be protected? Why would you write a slogan to remind people to protect their lives? Since life is very small, how should we treat the personal freedom and life health of others around us well?
(3) There are many "gray nursery rhymes" circulating in the society, and many of them have spread to schools. Have you ever sung? What kind of influence do you think these "gray nursery rhymes" have on our teenagers?
Learn P26 nursery rhymes from you.
Third, personal freedom and the right to life and health are protected by law.
1, the laws in China that specifically protect citizens' personal freedom mainly include:
Constitution, Criminal Law, General Principles of Civil Law, Public Security Administration Punishment Law and other laws.
2. The law prohibits illegal search of citizens' bodies or houses.
(1) According to the laws of China, it is forbidden to search citizens' bodies or houses illegally.
(2) When investigating a case, public security and judicial personnel must conduct a search in strict accordance with legal procedures.
Learning and evaluating P 17 "Analysis"
The law protects citizens from illegal arrest and detention.
(1) Chinese laws stipulate that citizens shall not be arrested without legal procedures.
(2) If a citizen is suspected of committing a crime or other illegal acts and needs to be arrested or detained, it must be carried out in accordance with legal procedures.
Learning and evaluation P 17 "short answer"
4. The Constitution and laws of China protect citizens' right to life and health.
(1) The Constitution and laws of China protect citizens' right to life and health.
(2) Anyone who damages the life and health of others shall bear legal responsibility.
(3) Minors' right to life and health is specially protected by law.
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