Athletes entering the venue
The Olympic flag and the national flags of participating countries were flying at the venue
According to regulations, all National Olympic Committees recognized by the International Olympic Committee Can send sports teams to compete in the Olympic Games. Before 1949, the Republic of China sent teams or representatives to participate in the 9th, 10th, 11th and 14th Olympic Games. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, when the 15th Olympic Games was held in Finland in 1952, the Chinese Olympic Committee was invited to participate for the first time, and Chinese athletes participated in the swimming competition. Since then, the Chinese Olympic Committee has cut off contact with the International Olympic Committee. In November 1979, the International Olympic Committee restored the legal seat of the Chinese Olympic Committee. In 1984, China sent 225 athletes to attend the 23rd Olympic Games held in Los Angeles, USA, and achieved good results, ranking fourth in terms of number of gold medals (15). In the 24th Olympic Games in 1988 and the 25th Olympic Games in 1992, China sent delegations to participate in the competition and achieved good results.
China's medal list of previous Olympic Games
Gold, silver, and bronze medals Total
23 15 8 9 32
24 5 11 12 28
25 16 22 16 54
26 16 22 12 50
27 28 16 15 59
28 32 17 14 63
The Olympic Games in the host country are the largest and most influential comprehensive sports games in the world. Normally, the President of the International Olympic Committee and the head of the host country will attend the opening and closing ceremonies of the conference and deliver speeches at the meeting. The head of the host country will declare the opening of the conference. In the past, countries (or regions) participating in the Olympic Games were invited by the host country. In September 1986, the Seoul meeting of the International Olympic Committee Executive Committee decided that the invitation would be changed to the International Olympic Committee in the future.
The Charter of the International Olympic Committee stipulates that the Olympic Games are the exclusive property of the International Olympic Committee. The International Olympic Committee will decide the city to host the next Olympic Games based on the organizational capacity and financial resources of the city applying to host the Olympic Games. The host city must abide by the charter and instructions of the International Olympic Committee, generally build sports venues that meet standards, and provide athletes with dedicated residences, often called Olympic villages.
The Olympic Games events include: track and field, basketball, football, volleyball, swimming (including diving, water polo, synchronized swimming), hockey, gymnastics, weightlifting, cycling, wrestling, judo, shooting, archery, fencing, Rowing, rowing, sailing, equestrian, boxing, handball, modern pentathlon, tennis, table tennis, etc. In addition to the official competition events, the International Olympic Committee also authorizes the host country to list 1 to 3 of its popular non-Olympic official events as exhibition events for the current Olympic Games. Other countries can also send teams to participate. As an unofficial competition, no medals are awarded to the winners.
Rewards The International Olympic Committee emphasizes that the competition is only a competition between individuals and teams, not a contest of sports strength between countries. What the International Olympic Committee announces is only the competition results, not the medals won by each country. However, the host country, the press and the national Olympic committees all conduct statistics in this regard and rank the overall rankings according to medals or points. In terms of rewards, the focus is also on spirituality and reputation. The International Olympic Committee believes that spiritual rewards are one of the important factors in the Olympic spirit. The top three athletes who win at the Olympic Games will only be awarded gold, silver and bronze medals respectively, without any material rewards.
The ancient Olympic Games have a history of 1,200 years since they were held in Olympia, Greece, in 776 BC. It was originally a religious ceremony and gradually evolved into a sports activity. The competition events at that time included the pentathlon (including discus, javelin, long jump, running and wrestling), running, boxing, wrestling, and boxing wrestling (a mixed sport of boxing and wrestling). , buggy racing and horse riding. The ancient Olympic Games reflected people's desire for peace. During the Olympics, the warring parties would have a truce. However, the ancient Olympic Games were eventually stopped due to war.
The revival of the Olympics began in 1896. With the efforts of the founder of the Olympics, Coubertin, the first modern Olympics was held in Athens, Greece, with 245 athletes from 14 countries participating. Since then, the number of participating athletes, participating countries and competition events has increased day by day. At the 2000 Sydney Olympics in Australia, more than 10,000 athletes from 199 countries participated. As the world's largest gathering, the "faster, higher, stronger" spirit proposed by the Olympic Games embodies the spirit of modern people's pursuit of a happy life.
Winter sports were first added to the Olympics in 1908, with figure skating. Ice hockey has been added since 1920. In 1924, the Winter Olympics were held alone for the first time in Chaminis, France. Since 1994, the Winter Olympics are not scheduled to be held in the same year as the Summer Olympics. Therefore, the Olympic Games are currently held every two years, with the Winter Olympics and Summer Olympics held alternately.
Places of previous Summer Olympic Games
Year of venue
1 Athens? Greece 1896
2 Paris? France 1900
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3 St. Louis? United States 1904
4 London? United Kingdom 1908
5 Stockholm? Sweden 1912
6 Berlin? Germany 1916 (because of the World War I was not over)
7 Antwerp? Belgium 1920
8 Paris? France 1924
9 Amsterdam? Netherlands 1928
10 Los Angeles? United States 1932
11 Berlin? Germany 1936 (not handled due to World War II)
12 Helsinki? Finland 1940 (not handled due to World War II)
13 London? UK 1944
14 London? UK 1948
15 Helsinki? Finland 1952
16 Melbourne? Australia 1956
17 Rome? Italy 1960
18 Tokyo? Japan 1964
19 Mexico City? Mexico 1968
20 Munich? Former West Germany 1972
21 Montreal? Canada 1976
22 Moscow? Former Soviet Union 1980
23 Los Angeles? United States 1984
24 Seoul? South Korea 1988
25 Barcelona? Spain 1992
26 Atlanta? United States 1996
27 Sydney? Australia 2000
28 Athens? Greece 2004
29 Beijing China 2008
30 London UK 2012
Reference: /view/1251.htm
Answer: bingren2006 - Dusi Level 6 3- 7 16:43
The emergence of the ancient Olympic Games
The full name of the Olympic Games is "Olympic Games", and the word "Olympic" comes from the Greek place name "Olympia". Olympia is located in the Alpheus Valley, 360 kilometers southwest of Athens. It has picturesque scenery and a pleasant climate. The ancient Greeks built many temples here. Therefore, the ancients called this land Alphes, also known as the "Holy Land" "Olympia, according to the beliefs of the time, symbolized peace and friendship.
In ancient Greece and other countries in the Mediterranean region, people often held grand gatherings and carried out various recreational and competitive activities during festivals and harvest seasons, which was very lively. At first, this activity was scattered around the country and irregularly, but the gathering in Olympia was the most grand.
In 884 BC, war broke out in ancient Greece, with wars raging everywhere, plagues causing disasters, and agricultural harvests failing. Greek civilians yearned for peace and missed the celebrations of those years.
As a result, the king of the Elis city-state where Olympia is located contacted the kings of several other city-states and reached an agreement for regular games to be held in Olympia, and stipulated that a "holy truce day" should be implemented in the year of the games. The duration of the "Holy Truce" is three months. During this period, no one is allowed to use weapons or weapons. Even the two sides at war had to lay down their weapons and prepare to go to Olympia to participate in the games. From then on, all-Greek competitions came into being. By 776 BC, the names of the winners were recorded in writing for the first time. This is what later generations call the first ancient Greek games. After that, this kind of competition was held every four years. Therefore, the competition was held in Olympia, and it was also called the Ancient Olympic Games, or the Ancient Olympic Games for short. From 776 BC to 349 AD, when the ancient Olympic Games were abolished by the emperor of the Roman Empire, the ancient Olympic Games were held for 293 times.
The ancient Olympic Games were not all joy
The ancient Olympic Games did not mean joy to ordinary Olympic spectators. A typical Olympic spectator, if starting from Athens, must trek through most of the Peloponnese Peninsula, along a rugged ancient pilgrim's road, under the scorching Mediterranean summer sun above his head, on foot or with the help of mules and horses. , it takes two weeks to cover the more than 300 kilometers from Athens to Olympia. If coming from overseas colonies, taking the sea route will take longer.
When the exhausted spectators finally arrived at Olympia, the real test had just begun. The infrastructure in Olympia is extremely rudimentary, with only one decent hotel, and it is only open to diplomatic missions and officials. Nobles of insufficient rank can only solve the accommodation problem by setting up their own tents. As for the other 80,000 ordinary spectators - nearly half of whom were vendors selling food, drinks and souvenirs - they had to go to the wilderness near the Temple of Zeus to relieve themselves. As a result, during the Olympics it became a camping ground with poor hygiene.
The Olympia stadium has no auditoriums and no shade. Due to religious reasons, spectators are not allowed to wear hats at the Olympics. People can only stand in the middle of the dusty stadium from morning to night, exposed to the scorching sun. under. As rivers dry up in summer and well water is in short supply, spectators often suffer from dehydration and heatstroke. At that time, Greece did not have a complete sewage system, and the dry riverbed became a temporary toilet for tens of thousands of people. Garbage was piled on the spot, and with flies everywhere, the sanitary condition was obvious.
It was under such conditions that the ancient Olympic Games were held continuously for more than a thousand years. It is said that the dirtiness of the Olympic Games is so shocking that there is a saying that for slaves who disobey discipline, the master will say to him in a threatening tone: If you don't obey again, you will be punished to go to Olympia to watch the Olympic Games! ("Southern Weekend" 8.19 Fugue)
Olympic Song
The first modern Summer Olympics opened in Athens on April 6, 1896. During the opening ceremony, a song was played A solemn classical string music, the International Olympic Committee designated it as the Olympic anthem in 1958. The composer of the anthem was Samaras of Greece and the lyricist was Palamas.
Olympic Games Flag
In 1913, France's Coubertin proposed the establishment of the International Olympic Committee flag, and designed it to be white background, borderless, with blue and yellow in the center from left to right. , the five sets of black, green and red circles represent the five continents of Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia and the United States in turn. The white background means that all countries can compete under their own flags. In July 1914, the Olympic flag was hoisted for the first time at the Olympic Games. In 1920, the Belgian Olympic Committee, which hosted the 5th Summer Olympics, presented the same flag to the International Olympic Committee. It was hung during the Olympic Games and later customized. The flag was transferred to the previous host city at the opening of the previous Olympic Games and kept by the host city during the competition. During this period, only borrowed items were hung in the main stadium. In 1952, the City of Oslo presented the Winter Olympics flag to the International Olympic Committee. The handover, preservation and use methods are the same as those for the Summer Olympics. In 1970, the International Olympic Committee gave a new meaning to the flag in the 4th issue of the "Olympic Review": it symbolizes the unity of the five continents, and athletes meet in the Olympic Games with fair, frank competition and friendly spirit.
Olympic Flame
In 1934, the Athens Meeting of the International Olympic Committee decided to restore the old system of the ancient Olympic Games. During the Olympic Games, the Olympic flame was burned in the main stadium. The flame was taken from the Olympic Games and passed on through the torch relay. To the host country, the main competition of the 9th Olympic Games in 1928 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, had a high tower with blazing fireworks from beginning to end. The fire is ignited using a condenser to collect sunlight, and is then transmitted through a relay through four countries to the host country. This is the first time such an event has been held in the Olympic Games. On July 20, 1936, after the lighting ceremony for the 11th Summer Olympics was held in Olympia, each person ran a 1-kilometer relay holding a torch, passing through Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Austria, and Czechoslovakia, and reaching Berlin on August 1, with a total distance of 3075 kilometers, 3,075 people participated in the relay. From this time on, the International Olympic Committee officially stipulated that lighting the Olympic flame is an indispensable ceremony at the opening ceremony of each Olympic Games. In addition, lighting the flame is to commemorate the soldiers who died in the First World War. , and the torch relay symbolizes the spread of peace and friendship around the world.
The founder of the modern Olympic Games - Pierre de Coubertin
Pierre de Coubertin is the founder of the modern Olympic Games. He was born into a Parisian aristocratic family. After graduating from high school, he studied law and politics at the University of Paris, and then went to the UK to study education. At that time, Coubertin was greatly shocked by the outdoor sports in Britain. He was determined to go back and change France's indifference to sports. What he yearned for more was to expand sports exchanges around the world. In 1863, Coubertin proposed to hold competitions similar to the ancient Olympic Games, but instead of copying them, he expanded the ancient Olympic Games, which were limited to Greeks in the past, to a global scale. Although Coubertin's ideas were boycotted by some opponents, with his unremitting efforts, 20 countries finally sent representatives to convene the first International Conference on "Reconstruction of the International Olympic Games" at the University of Paris in France on June 16, 1894. ". On the evening of June 23, the Committee officially announced the establishment of the International Olympic Committee. This day has epoch-making significance for the development of world sports and the Olympic movement. Many countries regard this day as a sports holiday, and China also designated this day as Olympic Day in 1986.
History of the Modern Olympic Games
The Olympic Games have a history of 1,200 years since they were held in Olympia, Greece in 776 AD. The sports at that time were the pentathlon (comprising the discus, javelin, long jump, running and wrestling), running, boxing, wrestling, pankration (a hybrid sport of boxing and wrestling), carriage racing and horseback riding.
The Olympic renaissance began in 1896, when Athens, Greece, hosted the first modern Olympics, with 245 athletes from 14 countries participating. Since then, the number of participating athletes, participating countries and events has increased day by day, and at the 2000 Sydney Olympics in Australia, more than 10,000 athletes from 199 countries participated.
Winter sports were first added to the Olympics in 1908, with figure skating. The ice hockey program has been in the program since 1920. In 1924, the Winter Olympics were held alone for the first time in Chaminis, France. Since 1994, the Winter Olympics have not been scheduled to be held in the same year as the Summer Olympics, so the Games are currently held every two years, alternating between the Winter and Summer Games.
July 13, 2001 is a day that Chinese people should always remember. On this day, Beijing won the right to host the 2008 Olympic Games at the 112th Plenary Session of the International Olympic Committee in Moscow. Three years after our successful Olympic bid, let us relive that exciting moment together.
Myths and Legends of the Ancient Olympic Games
There are actually many myths related to the Olympic Games that have been circulated in history. The more familiar one is the legendary Hercules, the son of Zeus, the King of Gods. Heracles won the battle and held a sports competition in the Olympics to worship Zeus. There is also a saying that Heracles had a dispute with his brothers and decided to compete in the Olympics in order to find a solution. This is also It is the prototype of the ancient Olympic Games; it is also said that the hero Kakulosi defeated King Ogea of ??Elis, so in order to celebrate the victory, a sports meeting was held, which evolved into the Olympic Games every four years...
No matter what the legend about the Olympic Games is, from myths and legends, we can know that the Olympic Games have a long history, and its holding is closely related to geography, politics, economy and even religion, and its purpose is just It is to promote peace and friendship, celebrate harvest, worship gods, pray for blessings, etc.
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One , Olympic events:
In the 2008 Beijing Olympics, the 28 major events and sub-events will remain unchanged. We are now three years away from the 2008 Olympic Games, and the competition events are basically determined. So, how are the Olympic events divided?
According to the information of the International Olympic Committee, the Olympic Games events are divided as follows: SPORT, DISCIPINES and EVENT.
Like the Athens Olympics, the Beijing Olympics has 28 major events. These 28 events are: track and field, rowing, badminton, softball, basketball, football, boxing, kayaking, cycling, and fencing. , gymnastics, weightlifting, handball, hockey, judo, wrestling, aquatics, modern pentathlon, baseball, equestrian, taekwondo, tennis, table tennis, shooting, archery, triathlon, sailing and volleyball.
Among them, some projects have no sub-items, and the water sports with the most sub-items include swimming, synchronized swimming, water polo and diving. Although track and field does not have separate events, it does have 46 events, including 24 events for men and 22 events for women. It has the most gold medals among Olympic events. Next is swimming. Although there are no sub-items, there are 32 events, 16 for men and women each.
International Olympic Committee President Rogge said that martial arts will appear as a competition event in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, and its full name is "Beijing 2008 Olympic Games Wushu Competition".
Rogge made the above remarks while attending the opening ceremony of the 10th China National Games in Nanjing. He said that although the Wushu competition is different from the other 28 major events in the Olympic Games, this is after all a major breakthrough for Wushu to enter the Olympic stage.
According to Wang Xiaolin, director of the Wushu Sports Management Center of the State Sports General Administration, Rogge talked about Beijing’s application to enter the Olympic Games during an interview with the media in Nanjing on the 13th. This is also the first time that Rogge said that martial arts will become a competition event in the 2008 Beijing Olympics. It also clarified the rumors that "wushu will become a performance event in the 2008 Beijing Olympics."
It is reported that the International Wushu Federation and the Beijing Olympic Organizing Committee will conduct more in-depth discussions with the International Olympic Committee on the details of the Wushu Competition in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games
28 major Events
302 events
303 gold medals
No, according to the "Olympic Charter", if it is to be an Olympic event, it must be decided 7 years before the Olympic Games. , the new event appeared as a performance event before it was added to the Olympic Games.
Each doll has a catchy name: "Beibei", "Jingjing", "Huanhuan", "Yingying" and "Nini". In China, the names have overlapping sounds.
Words are a traditional way of expressing affection for children. When you put the names of the five dolls together, you will read Beijing's warm invitation to the world, "Beijing welcomes you
."
Fuwa represents the dreams and aspirations of the Chinese people.
Their prototypes and headdresses contain their connection with the ocean, forest, fire, earth and sky.
Their image design applies the expression of traditional Chinese art to show the splendid culture of China.
Bringing blessings to every corner of the world
For a long time, China has had a tradition of conveying blessings through symbols. Each doll of the Beijing Olympic Games mascot represents a good wish: prosperity, joy, passion, health and good luck. The dolls bring Beijing's hospitality and blessings to all corners of the world, inviting people from all over the world to gather in Beijing to celebrate the 2008 Olympic Games.
The blessing conveyed by Beibei is prosperity. In traditional Chinese culture and art, the patterns of "fish" and "water" are symbols of prosperity and harvest. People use "carp jumping over the dragon gate" to imply success in career and the realization of dreams. "Fish" is also a symbol of prosperity and harvest. It has the connotation of having good luck and having more than enough every year.
Beibei’s head decoration uses fish patterns from the Chinese Neolithic Age. Beibei is gentle and pure, a master of water sports, and complements the blue ring of the five Olympic rings.
Jingjing is a naive giant panda who brings joy to people wherever she goes. As China's national treasure, giant pandas are deeply loved by people all over the world.
Jingjing comes from the vast forest, symbolizing the harmonious existence of man and nature. The decoration on his head is derived from the lotus petal shape found on Song porcelain. Jingjing is simple, honest and optimistic, full of power, representing the black link among the five Olympic rings.
Huanhuan is the eldest brother among the Fuwa. He is a fire doll, symbolizing the Olympic flame. Huanhuan is the embodiment of sports passion. He spreads passion to the world and conveys the Olympic spirit of faster, higher and stronger. Everywhere Huanhuan goes, Beijing 2008’s enthusiasm for the world is overflowing.
Huanhuan's head decoration is derived from the flame pattern in Dunhuang murals. He has an outgoing and unrestrained personality, is familiar with various ball games, and represents the red one of the five Olympic rings.
Yingying is a Tibetan antelope who is agile, agile and galloping. He comes from the vast western land of China and spreads the good wishes of health to the world. Yingying
It is the Tibetan antelope, a unique protected animal on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and a manifestation of the Green Olympics.
The head decoration of Yingying incorporates the decorative style of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Xinjiang and other western regions. He is agile and a good athlete in track and field, representing the yellow link among the five Olympic rings.
Nini comes from the sky and is a flying swallow. Its creative shape comes from the traditional sand swallow kite in Beijing. "Yan" also represents Yanjing (the ancient name of Beijing). Nini brings spring and joy to people, spreading good wishes of "good luck to you" wherever she flies.