As of the end of 2005, it has been designated as a first-line drug for malaria treatment by 26 Asian and African countries. It is a milestone in the history of the treatment of malaria, a highly contagious disease. Coartem is still the only Chinese patented drug that is widely recognized and sold around the world. It is the only Chinese drug that has truly gone global. The birth of compound artemether began in the 1960s. On May 23, 1967, Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou personally commanded and deployed the "523 Project". This major project, named after its launch date, kicked off the development of new anti-malarial drugs in the young country. In 1972, scientific researchers finally extracted artemisinin, an anti-malarial compound from Artemisia annua, and conducted clinical trials in 1973 in malaria-prone areas such as Yunnan and Hainan. Artemisinin is the first chemical drug developed in New China, marking a historic breakthrough in my country's new drug research and development. Artemisinin, which treats malaria quickly, efficiently and with little drug resistance, has been praised by the international community as a "milestone" in the history of antimalarial drug research. It not only contributed to the elimination of malaria in our country, but also opened a new page in the world's anti-malaria cause. Since then, Chinese scientific researchers have continued to play triumphant songs on the road to anti-malarial. They have developed more effective derivatives such as artemether based on artemisinin. In order to overcome the resurgence of drug resistance of malaria parasites, experts from the Chinese Academy of Military Medical Sciences combined artemether with the chemical drug lumefantrine to develop a new drug, compound artemether. Coartemether not only has the advantage of high cure rate, but also has the characteristics of delaying the development of drug resistance. It can be called the "nemesis" of drug-resistant malaria.