At present, the mainstream hybrid power is mainly divided into plug-in hybrid power and oil-electric hybrid power (also known as plug-in hybrid power).
Plug-in hybrid power: refers to charging through external power supply.
Unplugged hybrid: no need to charge, all energy comes from gasoline. Let's take a look at unplugged hybrid.
First, Toyota's hybrid technology is the earliest practical hybrid technology, and the first generation Prius (the earliest hybrid car) was launched before.
THS system
Toyota's hybrid system THS (English abbreviation) has a history of 20 years. There used to be a saying in the industry that "there are two kinds of hybrid power in the world, one is Toyota and the other is other companies". Although this sentence is not accurate, it is enough to illustrate Toyota's position in hybrid power. Today, Toyota's hybrid system has developed to the fourth generation THS-II (commonly called THS-IV in China), and all its hybrid cars (Prius, Camry, Lei Ling and Lexus) use this system. In addition, Toyota e-cvt hybrid gearbox technology is licensed to GM and Ford (such as LaCrosse Hybrid and Mondeo Hybrid). )
The second generation Prius
The core component of Toyota THS hybrid power system is a set of E-CVT planetary gearbox. Speaking of E-cvt, you must want to know how it is different from cvt.
E-CVT (with a rod in the middle) is different from ECVT (without a rod). "ECVT" is an electronically controlled mechanical continuously variable transmission jointly developed by Fuji Heavy Industries of Japan and VDT Company of the Netherlands, which is not essentially different from "CVT".
In the last article, Bian Xiao mentioned the working principle of cvt gearbox (I won't introduce it here, but I can read the last article or Baidu if I want to know). Let's look directly at the working principle of e-cvt.
Internal mechanism: The internal structure of e-cvt has no vertebral disc and transmission steel belt inside cvt, but there is a planetary gear mechanism inside at gearbox.
Operation: E-CVT should undertake the transmission of two kinds of power, namely, the power generated by gasoline engine and the power generated by motor.
Advantages: stepless speed change is realized without setbacks, and the gearbox is simplified without clutches. Disadvantages: Very deadly, it consumes electricity when maintaining the gear, and it continues to consume electricity, although it can be charged by another motor.
So what are the similarities between e-cvt and cvt?
Both E-CVT and CVT can keep the total transmission ratio between the engine and the wheels continuously changing linearly, which bring very similar sensory feelings to drivers. No matter whether the vehicle accelerates or decelerates, there is no obvious "shifting" process, and the driving experience is smooth.
Second, Honda Toyota, as the forerunner of hybrid system, holds a large number of core patents, which puts automobile manufacturers in a dilemma, either paying Toyota a lot of patent fees (such as Ford) or trying to develop new technologies, while Honda, the "technical house", resolutely chooses the latter.
In order to achieve cornering overtaking in the hybrid field, Honda starts from its own advantages (engine field). Therefore, the dual-motor indirect hybrid power mechanism is selected. After a long period of research and development, Honda's i-MMD hybrid system was released.
I-MMD
Honda i-MMD hybrid power system consists of Atkinson cycle engine, E-CVT, intelligent power unit IPU and power control unit PCU.
What are the advantages of Honda iMMD hybrid system? For example. Take the 10th generation Accord Sharp Hybrid as an example, equipped with 2.0L Atson cycle DOHC i-VTEC engine. The maximum power reaches 107kW/6200rpm. The maximum torque reaches175n m/3500rpm.
Advantages: low fuel consumption, 0.5~ 1L/ 100km lower than Toyota THS (such as hybrid Camry); Excellent power performance, 0- 100 acceleration performance of about 8 seconds, faster than the 2.4 fuel car. Disadvantages: low efficiency and poor low-speed torque.
At present, Honda's hybrid technology can be divided into three types:
I-DCD: a single-motor hybrid system mainly mounted on small cars, such as the Japanese Fit hybrid;
I-MMD: a dual-motor hybrid system mainly mounted on medium-sized vehicles, such as the domestic Accord hybrid;
SH-AWD: Three-motor hybrid power system is mainly installed on large cars or sports cars, such as Acura NSX. So what's the difference between hybrid technologies in these two fields? Comparing the two fields, it is found that Toyota tends to be "oil-based, supplemented by electricity" and Honda tends to be "electricity-based, supplemented by oil". Whose technology is better? Well ~ Bian Xiao can only say that no one is better, only one is more suitable. After all, the two products have different design concepts, different "personalities" and no comparability.
Third, after well-known car companies such as Toyota and Honda launched hybrid cars, Nissan was not far behind. On 20 16 and 12, the NOTE e-POWER system (a pure electric vehicle that can only refuel) was released, which was partially improved on the small car "NOTE" and equipped with the hybrid technology "e-power". Within one month of listing, it won more than 20 thousand orders without preferential policies, and beat Prius within two months, ranking first in Japan's automobile sales list.
Nissan NOTE e-POWER hybrid power system
Note e-POWER adopts series hybrid power. 1.2 liter three-cylinder gasoline engine is only used as a generator and does not drive tires. The tire is driven by an electric motor. In short, this is a pure electric car that can't be charged and has its own generator. At present, there is only one hybrid model on sale in China (Loulan hybrid version).
Advantages: Instantly provide considerable torque, thus improving the driving reaction speed and accelerating more smoothly. In addition, the noise is extremely low when the system is running, and the quietness is comparable to that of a pure electric vehicle. Disadvantages: the energy-saving effect is worse than that of Toyota and Honda, and the measured fuel consumption is about 10L/ 100km.
Fourthly, as we mentioned above, the general hybrid system comes from Toyota technology, which is similar to THS structure, but slightly different. Specific to the model, Buick LaCrosse 30H hybrid version and Chevrolet Mai Rui Bao XH hybrid version. Their hybrid system consists of a 94kw 1.8L naturally aspirated engine (not Atkinson cycle engine) and a 1 14kw motor, plus a 1.5kwh lithium battery pack.
Buick lacrosse 30H
Chevrolet Mai Rui Bao XH Hybrid Power
Features: The fuel consumption is in the early 6L, which is much lower than the fuel version of the same model car. Of course, there is still a gap with the 5.4L fuel consumption ratio of Camry twin engines.
Fifth, Ford Ford's hybrid technology is also authorized by Toyota, and its structure is basically the same as THS. In 2005, north american auto show Shangford released the Mondeo hybrid version, with 2.0L Atkinson engine, power 105kw, motor 92kw and lithium battery pack as the power supply. This hybrid car won the title of 20 10 best model in North America.
New mondeo hybrid technology
The power system of the new Mondeo hybrid version consists of Atkinson cycle engine, e-cvt transmission, battery and motor.
Ford's new Mondeo plug-in hybrid version provides three driving modes, namely EV Now, EV Auto and EV Later, for consumers to choose freely according to their driving needs, so that the vehicle can always maintain the best working mode under the current working conditions.
Let's talk about the functions of the three modes:
Driving in the city? EV is now the first choice in pure electric drive mode, which can achieve a 52km pure electric cruising range close to "zero fuel consumption".
When you go out to play on weekends, you can master the initiative of oil-electricity switching through EV in the future, which will make you think quickly;
EV Auto can easily switch between oil and electricity at any time. The overall fuel consumption of the whole vehicle is low, and it is really oil-free when driving, which is more economical than Camry hybrid and Accord hybrid of the same level.
Give examples. In the non-stop driving activity of Ford's new Mondeo hybrid version held last year, a tank of oil in the new Mondeo hybrid version ran as far as 1226 km, and the fuel tank was 5 1L, so the comprehensive fuel consumption was 4. 16/ 100km, which was almost one kilometer and 30 minutes.
Next, look at plug-in hybrid.
6. BYD BYD is the main promoter of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in China. In 2009, BYD introduced the first generation of dual-mode technology F3DM to 20 13, and the second generation of dual-mode technology will make the product have full-time electric four-wheel drive, the acceleration performance of 100 kilometers will be improved to less than 5 seconds, and the fuel consumption will be less than 2 liters. Up to now, the third generation dual-mode (DM3) technology has been fully optimized, and a brand-new power architecture has been adopted, which has raised the comprehensiveness of the converged products to a new height.
Byd DM3
BYD's DM3 hybrid technology improves the vehicle's dynamic performance from the aspects of engine, motor, hybrid transmission and vehicle dynamic model optimization. Engine supercharger matching, ECM control strategy and cooling system optimization have improved common torque, responsiveness and stability. By optimizing the electric drive, heat dissipation and electromagnetic performance of the front and rear 15000rpm high-performance third-generation permanent magnet synchronous motor, the peak torque and power are obviously improved. Maximum power of motor unit 180 kW and maximum torque of 380 Nm.
What is the performance of the car equipped with BYD DM3 technology? BYD's new generation Tang DM, which was launched in June 2065438+2008, is equipped with the full-time electric four-wheel drive function of DM3 hybrid technology GAT, and the acceleration of 0- 100 km/h is the fastest 4.3 seconds.
The new generation Qin Pro DM is equipped with BYD, and the minimum fuel consumption per 100 kilometers is 65,438+0 liters. The fuel consumption in the B state (the battery power is lower than the SOC set value and the engine is in the starting state) is as low as 4.3 liters.
Seventh, SAIC insists on Roewe brand as the traction, and its biggest core advantage is to match EUD "intelligent driving module" with different driving modes.
EUD technology
At the 17, 12, 13, 19 China Patent Awards Conference, the EDU technology of SAIC's new energy plug-in hybrid system won the China Patent Excellence Award, which showed SAIC's strong independent innovation and R&D strength in the core technology field of new energy. SAIC EDU has also become one of the three most advanced hybrid technologies in the world.
Many new energy vehicles of SAIC Roewe, whether cars or SUVs, are equipped with EDU technology.
For example, SAIC Roewe eRX5 is equipped with 1.5TGI in-cylinder direct injection turbocharged engine and plug-in hybrid system with EDU electric drive gearbox as the core. The whole vehicle has 704N? M, the comprehensive fuel consumption of hybrid mode is only 5.4L/ 100km, and the energy consumption level is 20% ahead of the same level; The maximum comprehensive cruising range can reach 650km, and the efficiency of the hybrid system is 20% ahead of its peers; It takes only 3 hours for the battery to be fully charged from the lowest charge, and the charging speed is 20% ahead of peers.
In addition to the above two independent brands, some foreign companies, such as Volkswagen, Audi, BMW and Volvo, have introduced plug-in hybrid vehicles. Unfortunately, these cars are relatively small and cannot be said to be mainstream hybrid models. However, in the future, I believe that with the promotion of policies, more car companies will launch plug-in hybrid models, and consumers will have more choices.