With the progress of the times and the development of economy, people are no longer satisfied with working for others to show their value. More and more people have joined the huge team of starting their own businesses. People hope that through their own wisdom and efforts, they can experience the fun and passion of starting a business and better reflect their own values. So more people choose to start their own businesses. This paper talks about college students' understanding of entrepreneurship. Welcome to reading.
Understanding of College Students' Entrepreneurship
Under the current educational system and employment background in China, college students' entrepreneurship can enhance their hands-on ability, organization and coordination ability, psychological endurance, teamwork spirit and social adaptability, and it is also a realistic choice to solve their employment problems. College students' entrepreneurship is another form of employment, which can increase employment opportunities and social wealth.
College students' entrepreneurship has a positive impact on themselves and society, but it is not easy to start a business, which requires compound talents with innovative consciousness, innovative spirit and high comprehensive quality.
First of all, the key factor of college students' entrepreneurship lies in their own intentions. Willingness is a subjective attitude of entrepreneurs, and having a strong willingness to start a business is the first step to start a business. At the same time, only by holding the passion for entrepreneurship can we persist in the arduous road of entrepreneurship. The key for college students to start their own businesses lies in themselves. Modern college students should gradually establish the concept of diversification of employment forms.
Knowledge, skills and work experience are also essential, and entrepreneurial knowledge is the foundation. On the basis of mastering entrepreneurial knowledge and skills, participating in social practice and accumulating social experience are the keys to successful entrepreneurship. There will be many setbacks on the road to starting a business, and every successful person has to go through the test of setbacks. You need to stick to this process. Besides, you need to be serious. In other words, you should learn to do things in a down-to-earth way. Don't worry, experience is accumulated. Without failure, there will be no success.
Dare to start a business, not afraid of failure. There will inevitably be many failures on the way to starting a business. Facing each failure bravely and learning from it is also the key to success.
You must be confident. If you don't have confidence in what you are doing, it will be difficult for you to succeed. You may not succeed with confidence, but you will not succeed without confidence.
Finally, for college students' entrepreneurship, the government's helping role should not be underestimated. The introduction of some local government policies has played a certain role in promoting college students' entrepreneurship, but the sustainability of government assistance needs attention. In addition, college students need a good social environment, especially the help of the government.
How much do you know about college students' entrepreneurship?
First of all, no matter what your specific situation is, if you want to start a business and choose a business project, you must follow the following general principles:
Choosing a startup project is like making an object.
And the feeling of starting a business can be compared with first love.
The importance of choosing entrepreneurial projects can be compared with that of pregnant women giving birth to children. Any project itself has a process of conception, gestation, birth and development, which is a natural process. Entrepreneurs have a process of knowing, understanding, penetrating and grasping a specific project, which is a historical process. This determines that the process of starting a business is a long-term process of mutual integration between people and projects, and also determines that the choice of projects must be based on the long-term.
Choosing an entrepreneurial project, the first thing is to choose yourself.
Choosing a startup project requires four words: "Know yourself and know yourself". A bosom friend is a sober examination of oneself: advantages, strengths, interests, knowledge accumulation and structure, personality and psychological characteristics. Knowing each other is an understanding of the future development trend of society and a stable, permanent and potential demand. Only by choosing your own advantageous projects, your own strong projects, your own projects of interest, and your own projects that you are familiar with in professional knowledge can you be one step ahead of others and one step closer to success.
The options should be different.
The project you choose to start a business must have a "root". It is the foundation of project life, the right and the condition of survival. It can be expressed in four sentences: what others don't have; Found by ancestors; Different from people; Powerful. What others don't have can be the connection between a certain resource and a certain demand, and it can be the new commercial value of a recognized resource. A relative found white soil on a nearby mountain, which can be used to make pottery. He further learned that there was a railway nearby. So, he bought the land with clay under it, dried it, ground it into powder and sold it. Another example is, "the land of the strong." No matter what aspect of a project, even a little bit: superior people, excellent people are fundamental.
Beijing's Entrepreneurship Policy for College Students
Beijing is the political and cultural center of China and one of the economic centers. What are the policies for college students to start businesses in Beijing? Let me tell you something.
Entrepreneurial field
High-tech industry: Beijing's high-tech industry has a good development foundation, plus rich human resources and Zhongguancun's brand advantage, which is a very good entrepreneurial field. Especially in emerging high-tech fields such as bioengineering, new medicine, photoelectric integration and new materials, there is a lot of room for entrepreneurship.
Cultural industry: As the cultural center of China, Beijing has unparalleled market advantages in the fields of culture and media. In the existing media industry structure in Beijing, the share of online media is relatively weak, so there is a relatively large room for development.
Electronic information industry: it is the first pillar industry in Beijing's industrial field, with abundant electronic products. Its Electronic City Science Park has attracted many high-tech enterprises, including many Fortune 500 enterprises. Investing in the electronic information industry in Beijing has unparalleled cluster advantages.
Software and integrated circuit design: It is estimated that by 2008, the output value of Beijing's software industry and integrated circuit design will reach 70 billion yuan and 654.38+0 billion yuan respectively, while it will only reach 52 billion yuan and 5 billion yuan in 2065.438+05, which shows that there is room for development.
College students' entrepreneurial support
1. Beijing fresh graduates are exempt from the company registration fee for starting businesses.
Details: this year, college students are free of registration fees for running companies. The Municipal Administration for Industry and Commerce has issued 30 policies and measures to promote economic growth and support enterprise development. Beijing graduates can register their houses as business premises.
2. Beijing graduates can start their own businesses at home.
Details: According to the new policy, Beijing-based college graduates can set up cultural and creative industries such as cultural brokerage and animation production, and scientific and technological enterprises or individual industrial and commercial households such as technology development, technology transfer and technical services. They can register in the centralized office area determined by the district and county governments, or they can register their houses as their residences (business premises). The establishment of enterprises in residential buildings shall be handled in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce.
The amount of micro-credit in Beijing has increased.
Details: When college students start a business, the first loan amount will be increased from 50,000 yuan to 80,000 yuan, and the second loan amount will be increased from 50,000 yuan to 6,543,800 yuan.
4. Counter-guarantee preferential measures
Details: College students start their own businesses, and the proportion of loan counter-guarantee is reduced from 30% to 20%, and the small-sum secured loan system of credit cooperatives will continue to be implemented. Anyone who applies for a small secured loan in urban and rural credit cooperatives is exempt from counter-guarantee.
Establish a policy system to support college students' entrepreneurship.
The eliminated major must be eliminated.
"Colleges and universities should constantly adjust their major settings and enrollment scale according to changes in social needs. Those with poor employment should be eliminated through investigation, so as to ensure that the trained talents are needed by society. " Liu Jizhen, member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and president of North China Electric Power University, said this in an interview with China Economic Times. Committee member Liu Jizhen believes that the way of school training is very important to improve students' employment. Schools should pay attention to the style of study, employment and awards, promote the level and characteristics of schools, and let students better adapt to social needs and be more competitive.
"In addition, universities should pay attention to the all-round development of students, not just teaching knowledge." Liu Jizhen said, "Universities should be places where college students grow up. After four years, he should be trained to be a person who can cope with challenges. "
Innovation must start at school.
Member Tan Runhua is the vice president of Hebei University of Technology. He believes that to solve the employment problem, schools should pay attention to cultivating students' innovative ability. "Many companies invite us to train innovative engineers who master innovative methods for them. It can be said that our company lacks innovation ability now, and the key is the lack of innovative talents. " Commissioner Tan Runhua told this reporter that he believes that colleges and universities should further reform the talent training mechanism and innovate the training model to actively meet the needs of enterprises and society.
Since enterprises need it, why can't the school train a group of innovative college students? Tan Runhua believes that the school is also making adjustments now, but this is a problem that needs long-term change. "I suggest that colleges and universities increase practical factors such as subject setting and graduation design to cultivate students' ability to find and solve problems. "
Encouraging entrepreneurship is a win-win situation.
When it comes to college students' entrepreneurship, Wu Jiang, member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and president of China Institute of Personnel Science, said that the most important thing at present is to optimize the entrepreneurial environment for college students. "Our entrepreneurial rate is not high, and high-quality students are unwilling to start a business." Wu Jiang said, "In 2009, 20 10 and 201year, the entrepreneurial rate of college graduates was only 1.2%, 1.5% and 1.6% respectively. Member Wu Jiang also briefed our reporter on the low awareness rate and benefit rate of college students' entrepreneurship support policies and the insufficient support for entrepreneurship policies.
Wu Jiang believes that to encourage college students to start businesses, we must first grasp the demand and improve the responsiveness of college students' entrepreneurship policies. It is necessary not only to promote college students' entrepreneurship to the height of national development, but also to adjust policy concerns, expand policy benefit rate and increase policy support. Gradually establish an inclusive policy system to support college students' entrepreneurship; At the same time, it is necessary to establish a policy demand investigation mechanism, and strengthen policy innovation according to the policy demand, taking the policies that college entrepreneurs think are more important and need to be optimized as a breakthrough.
Secondly, improve the public service system and gradually realize all-round entrepreneurial services for college students. First, strengthen publicity and increase the policy penetration rate. Second, give full play to the role of public employment service agencies. Gradually establish and improve the service mechanism for publishing entrepreneurial information, and timely publish information such as entrepreneurial policies, entrepreneurial projects, entrepreneurial trends, successful entrepreneurial cases and experiences, and entrepreneurial service resources based on the information platform; Third, cultivate the intermediary service market for college students' entrepreneurship. Encourage relevant market organizations to carry out information consultation, entrepreneurship training and guidance activities for college students, and provide various agency services such as financing, industrial and commercial registration, tax registration, human resources, law, patent application, trademark registration and customs declaration.
Finally, Wu Jiang suggested that relevant departments optimize the working system and mechanism to improve the quality and efficiency of college students' entrepreneurial work. On the one hand, we should strengthen macro-management and bring the entrepreneurial performance of college students into the scope of employment performance assessment. On the other hand, increase investment in support. By strengthening policy indirect investment, we will establish and constantly improve the compensation mechanism for college students' entrepreneurial support funds, and mobilize the enthusiasm of various subjects to invest in college students.
Interpretation of College Students' Entrepreneurship Plan
College students' entrepreneurial groups are mainly composed of college students and college graduates. In recent years, the problem of college students' entrepreneurship has attracted more and more social attention, because college students belong to advanced knowledge groups. After years of education and social expectations, college students' entrepreneurship has also become a new phenomenon besides college students' employment.
At present, the state strongly encourages college students to start their own businesses, which has rich connotations. The government has also introduced relevant policies to support and support college students' entrepreneurship. College students' entrepreneurial groups are mainly composed of college students and graduates. Due to a series of problems such as college students' employment caused by the expansion of college enrollment, some college students achieve employment through entrepreneurship. These college students have the characteristics of high knowledge and high education, but they need the attention and help of the whole society because of their lack of corresponding social experience. College students' entrepreneurship is gradually recognized and accepted by the society, and it also shoulders the historical mission of improving the employment rate of graduates and social stability. After the enrollment expansion of colleges and universities, more and more college students leave the school gate, and at the same time, college students' entrepreneurship has become a new social problem besides their employment.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of college students' entrepreneurship?
First, the advantages of college students' entrepreneurship
1. College students are often full of hope for the future. They have young blood, vigorous vitality and the spirit of "newborn calves are not afraid of tigers", which are all qualities that an entrepreneur should have.
2. College students have learned a lot of theoretical things at school and have high-level technical advantages. At present, the most promising career is to start a high-tech enterprise. The importance of technology is self-evident. From the very beginning, college students' entrepreneurship will definitely go to high-tech fields, and "exchanging intelligence for capital" is the characteristic and the only way for college students to start their own businesses. Some venture capitalists are often willing to fund their business plans just because they take a fancy to the advanced technology mastered by college students.
3. Modern college students have the spirit of innovation, the confidence and desire to challenge traditional ideas and traditional industries, and this spirit of innovation often creates the power source for college students to start their own businesses and becomes the spiritual basis for their success.
4. The biggest advantage of college students' entrepreneurship is that they can improve their ability, increase their experience and apply what they have learned; The biggest attraction is that you can realize your ideals and prove your value through successful entrepreneurship.
Second, the disadvantages of college students' entrepreneurship
1. Due to the lack of social experience, college students are often blindly optimistic and psychologically unprepared. Many entrepreneurs feel very painful and even depressed about the setbacks and failures in starting a business. Everyone started a business before, and when they saw successful examples, their mentality was naturally idealistic. In fact, behind success is more failure. Seeing success and failure is the real market. Only in this way can young entrepreneurs become more rational.
2. Rushing for success, lack of market awareness and enterprise management experience are important factors that affect the success of college students' entrepreneurship. Although students have mastered some book knowledge, they lack the necessary practical ability and management experience. In addition, because college students lack sufficient marketing knowledge, it is difficult for them to be competent as enterprise managers at once.
3. College students' understanding of entrepreneurship is still limited to a beautiful idea and concept. In the business plans submitted by quite a few college students, many people also try to attract investment with an idea that they think is novel. Such a thing did happen abroad before, but it is almost impossible today. What investors value now is how high the real technical content of your business plan is, to what extent it cannot be copied, and how big the market profit potential is. For these, you must have a detailed and thorough feasibility demonstration and implementation plan, not the idea that people can pay the bill in a few words.
4. College students' market concept is relatively weak. Many college students are willing to talk with investors about how their technologies are leading and unique, but rarely involve how much market space these technologies or products will have. Even when it comes to the topic of market, most of them just intend to spend money on advertising, but they have no idea about important aspects such as target market positioning and marketing means combination. In fact, what really interests investors is not necessarily those extremely advanced things. On the contrary, those products or services with ordinary technical content but meeting the market demand are often favored by investors. At the same time, entrepreneurs should have a very clear marketing plan, which can strongly prove the possibility of profit.
Three or five risks that college students should pay attention to when starting a business.
Risk 1: project selection is too blind.
If college students start their own business, they will definitely hit a wall if they lack market research and demonstration in the early stage, decide the investment direction only by their own interests and imagination, or even make a decision on a whim.
College entrepreneurs must do a good job in market research in the early stage of starting a business and start a business on the basis of understanding the market. Generally speaking, the financial strength of college entrepreneurs is weak, so it is more appropriate to start with small funds and choose projects with low staffing requirements.
Risk 2: Lack of entrepreneurial skills
Many college students' entrepreneurs have high eyes but low minds. When the business plan is put into practice, they find that they simply don't have the ability to solve problems. Such an enterprise is tantamount to an armchair strategist. On the one hand, college students should go to work or practice in enterprises to accumulate relevant management and marketing experience; On the other hand, actively participate in entrepreneurship training, accumulate entrepreneurial knowledge, receive professional guidance, and improve the success rate of entrepreneurship.
Risk 3: Single financing channel
Without broad financing channels, business plans can only be empty talk. In addition to traditional ways such as bank loans, self-financing and private lending, we can also make full use of financing channels such as venture capital and venture capital.
Risk 4: Lack of social resources
Enterprise creation, market development, product promotion and other work all need to mobilize social resources, and college students will feel very difficult in this regard. Usually, you should take part in various social practice activities and expand your interpersonal range. Before starting a business, you can work in related industries for a period of time, and through this platform, you can accumulate contacts for your future business. Risk 5: Management is too casual.
Although some college entrepreneurs are outstanding in technology, their abilities in financial management, marketing, communication and management are generally insufficient. If college entrepreneurs want to succeed in starting a business, they must attach importance to both technology and management. They can start from partnership, family business or virtual shop to exercise their entrepreneurial ability, or they can hire professional managers to take charge of the daily operation of the enterprise.
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