Under the condition of modern information-based joint operations, the air, sea and ground platforms, their weapon systems and command and control centers must be effectively linked through real-time, secure and interoperable communication links, so as to exchange and share all kinds of information, quickly grasp the battlefield situation and make action plans. In this process, tactical data link has played an important role. In the process of building C 4 ISR system in NATO countries, tactical data link is generally regarded as the key equipment. Link- 16 is an advanced tactical data link widely used by NATO members at present, which is mainly equipped on the weapon platforms of some NATO countries such as the United States, Britain, France and Japan. Therefore, the United States suggested that Taiwan Province Province should also be equipped with data links. Link- 16 is a tactical information transmission system used by various services and arms in the war zone for joint operations. It is mainly used in battlefield intelligence monitoring, electronic warfare, task management, weapon coordination, air traffic control, navigation and encrypted voice communication. Link- 16 includes terminal, communication protocol and message standard, and is mainly composed of JTIDS/MIDS, command and control processor and tactical data management system. Among them, JTIDS is the first generation terminal, and MIDS is the second generation terminal that will replace JTIDS. 1. "Joint Tactical Information Distribution System" and "Joint Tactical Information Distribution System" (JTIDS) are the main terminals currently used by the US military, which are widely used in joint operations environments. JTIDS can distribute tactical information among tactical C 3 I system units, provide tactical situation awareness, transmit command and control commands, and realize information sharing and joint operations. In the National Defense Information and Electronic Report of June 5438+0996+February, the US military pointed out: "JTIDS can transmit the target position and identification information between various platforms, which greatly improves the battlefield situation awareness, which is very important for reducing accidental injuries and improving the effect of joint operations." JTIDS was first put into practical use in the Gulf War of 199 1. E-3A early warning aircraft, E-8A (JSTAR) and EC- 130 are all equipped with 1 terminals. During the war, it was used for more than 700 hours (including more than 400 hours for airborne terminals and more than 300 hours for ground terminals). The conclusion of the US military is that the airborne terminal can display the mutual position of the aircraft in the air, which plays a very good role in preventing the collision and accidental injury of the aircraft in the high-density environment of the theater. In the Kosovo war, because of the C 4 ISR system supported by the data link, the commander-in-chief of the frontline theater and the commander of the US Central Command did not have to go to the theater in person, but took the headquarters in Florida, USA to direct the operation. In the war in Afghanistan, the U.S. military successfully linked RQ- 1 Predator UAV, RC- 135V/W Rivet UAV, U-2 high-altitude reconnaissance UAV and RQ-4A Global Hawk UAV by using JTIDS, and transmitted the information detected by these aircrafts to other operational departments in time, thus realizing the seamless docking of operational information. In the Iraq war, Link- 16 data link not only realized C 4 ISR function, but also enabled the US military to attack time-sensitive targets. On March 2 1 day, 2003, the Iraqi missile mobile launch vehicle launched the "Ababil-100" missile into Kuwait. After the U.S. air reconnaissance plane found it, it quickly sent the target information through the data link, and determined the launch location through analysis and calculation. Then the U.S. Air Force fighters, who obtained information through the data link, quickly found the target at the predetermined position, and then threw precision-guided weapons to destroy it. However, the shortcomings of JTIDS, such as large size, heavy weight, many faults and high price, have always restricted its development, especially its inability to be installed on some advanced fighters such as F- 16, forcing the US military to develop its substitute JTIDS. 2. "Multifunctional Information Distribution System" "Multifunctional Information Distribution System" (MIDS) is a system jointly developed by the United States, Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Norway and Spain. It is a secure and real-time digital anti-jamming voice communication system in Lx band (960 ~ 12 15 MHz). MIDS adopts ultra-high speed integrated circuit microchip technology and microwave/millimeter wave monolithic integrated circuit technology, cancels network nodes, and realizes over-the-horizon communication through automatic relay technology. MIDS also adopts various advanced electronic warfare protection technologies to achieve interoperability, including fast frequency hopping, spread spectrum modulation, error correction coding, formatting information and key technologies used in voice or text transmission. MIDS is the main terminal equipment used by the US military in the future Link- 16. Its function is the same as JTIDS terminal, but its volume is only one-third of the latter, its weight is only half of the latter, and its price is relatively low, its performance is more stable, and it can be integrated into more systems, so it has great potential for future development. At present, although the US military and NATO have not equipped MIDS on a large scale, the specific equipment plan has been determined. In the future, MIDS will replace JTIDS and become the main terminal of Link- 16. MIDS is mainly divided into MIDS small terminal (LVT), MIDS fighter data link (FDL) and shipboard terminal (MOS). The US military plans to install MIDS LVT mainly on F- 16, F/A- 18, EA-6B and other aircraft and ground platforms. MIDS FDL is mainly installed on F- 15A/B/C/D and F- 15E; As the first kilowatt terminal of MIDS, MIDSMOS will be mainly used for command and control platform. In 200 1 year, MIDS FDL equipped on F- 15C reached its initial combat capability. The US military plans to install MIDS·LVT on 397 F- 16 Block 40/42 from fiscal year 2002, and plans to install F- 16, F/A- 18, B-2, EA-6B and other aircraft, as well as Patriot air defense and anti-missile systems and Patriot aircraft in the next decade. From June, 5438 to October, 2003, the US Navy ordered the first batch of seven MIDS MOS systems, and it is expected that the first system will be delivered in the third quarter of 2004. 3. The application of LINK-16 LINK-16 data link can be widely used for wireless networking communication and command and control among various battle platforms in the battlefield, and it has many functions such as communication, navigation, positioning, information distribution, command and control, etc. And can carry out safe and real-time data transmission, information exchange and resource sharing, thus improving the joint combat capability of the troops. Link- 16 has become an important part of modern command automation system, and it is one of the important indicators to measure the informationization degree of weapons and equipment. ① Role in early warning air defense operations In early warning air defense systems, after the sensors on the early warning aircraft find the enemy targets, a large amount of target information is transmitted to the ground command and control center, combat aircraft, naval vessels, weapon systems and many other combat units in real time through Link- 16. Before the ground radar finds the target, it can provide information about enemy planes, so that the tracking and guidance radar of ground air defense weapons can aim at the target in advance, intercept the target in time and carry out the attack, so that we can win the battle. At the same time, each combat unit also transmits its own information to the early warning aircraft through Link- 16, and generates situational awareness images and sends them back to each combat unit. Therefore, Link- 16 is helpful for commanders and combat units at all levels to make timely decisions and improve the response ability of C 3 I system. (2) Functions In air combat, through the data link terminal, the functions of anti-jamming distribution of large-capacity data, accurate navigation and identification, air relay and broadcasting of aviation information such as ground conditions or weather conditions can be realized, which greatly improves many tactical operation functions of the aircraft, including: conveying mission requirements and confirming mission instructions to the crew; Communication and confirmation of task switching instructions; Cooperate with the leading station in front; Aircraft supporting other missions; Target allocation; Report the enemy threats encountered and the actual flight situation; Report the results of task execution; Meet in the air, refuel and fly in formation; Fly to and leave the target area, avoid the dangerous area and choose a safe route; Automatically report aircraft status, etc. In the 1990s, the US military said that in the joint operations involving multinational forces, its first-line fighters without Link- 16 terminals suffered greatly from the lack of data link between the service and allied aircraft. ③ The function of Link-16 terminal in naval battle can not only improve the air surveillance capability between aircraft and air defense ships, but also improve the combat capability of surface warfare and anti-submarine warfare. The US Navy is mainly equipped with Link- 16 on F- 14 fighters, E-2 early warning aircraft, surface ships and submarines for information exchange and air relay between platforms. The US Navy believes that Link- 16 can not only be used for land, sea and air communication, but also transmit positioning and identification information between various operational platforms, thus improving the situational awareness and joint operational capability of maritime operations.
Taiwan Province's "National Defense Committee of the Legislative Yuan"165438+1October 20th reviewed the "Bosheng Case" of Taiwan Army, and included 60 F- 16 and 20 Mirage 2000-5 fighters of Taiwan Air Force into the platform where the data link was installed, but excluded IDF fighters. Other platforms for Taiwan Province Air Force to install data link include six E-2T early warning aircraft, combat control center and "powerful network automation control system" of three regional theater management centers. The platform for Taiwan Province Navy to install data link includes operation center, two "Success" class frigates, three "Kangding" class frigates and four "Kidd" class destroyers. Some media also said that although Taiwan Province Province plans to install it on Mirage 2000-5 fighter.