With regard to patent administrative adjudication and administrative enforcement, which of the following statements is incorrect ( ).

Answer: D

For the three ABCs, patent administrative enforcement and administrative adjudication are all carried out by the relevant national patent administrative departments, and can be carried out for the parties’ infringement disputes, especially damage compensation disputes. If you are not satisfied with the outcome of mediation, you may file an administrative lawsuit or a civil lawsuit depending on the cause. Item D: Administrative adjudication can only be initiated upon application. Administrative enforcement can be initiated upon application or ex officio.