Although the automobile field all over the world has realized that new energy vehicles will soon replace fuel vehicles, for the vast majority of people who spend money to buy cars, they only think that this is a fool of car companies.
Because of the different mechanism, the refueling truck only needs to consider whether its remaining oil can run to the next gas station under the premise that there is no problem with the powertrain. Electric vehicles should consider their battery life and charging time. Too much talk, and there is the problem of charging safety.
At the same time, there are not many car companies that have done well in these three areas, such as Tesla overseas and BYD in China. Moreover, from the gradual development of their new products in recent years, there is an obvious conclusion that the day when electric vehicles surpass fuel vehicles in endurance performance is not far away.
Except for the hybrid technology of Toyota and Honda, the endurance of fuel vehicles mostly follows a law: the fuel tank volume increases with the increase of body size and engine displacement. On the road, when designing the fuel tank, most vehicles will have a capacity of about 55L, and the car can travel 500-600 kilometers with full fuel.
This means that taking 600 kilometers as the yardstick can actually be used as one of the demarcation points of electric vehicle endurance breakthrough.
If we sort out the car companies that have made achievements in the field of new energy vehicle technology, the threshold of 600 kilometers is being crossed by more and more people.
Tesla's game is, super battery. The latest news is that it will use a larger capacity 1 10Kwh battery on existing models. This is Tesla's largest battery pack to date, and the cruising range of some electric vehicles can be increased to about 640 kilometers on a single charge. The challenge for Tesla is that lithium batteries with larger capacity are not so safe. How can we guarantee safety?
Tesla also has its own advanced gameplay and independently develops a new generation of batteries. The biggest difference from the previous one is that the cobalt content may be zero. The specific new plan is expected to be announced in April this year. But for Tesla, the significance of the new generation battery now seems to pay more attention to reducing costs, because cobalt is mainly used as the cathode material of ternary lithium batteries, which can obviously improve the energy density of lithium batteries. However, due to the high price of cobalt and the scarcity of resources, various battery manufacturers are committed to reducing the cobalt content.
China's battery giant and BYD, a new energy automobile giant, play the same game as Tesla, but they are not so different.
The similarity is that both Tesla and BYD are reorganizing power batteries, and the lithium iron phosphate battery that BYD has always had technological advantages is such a product. The difference is that Tesla is in the research and development stage, while BYD is infinitely close to mass production. Not long ago, Wang Chuanfu, chairman and president of BYD, first mentioned BYD's "blade battery" at the 100 electric vehicle committee. It will be first applied to BYD's brand-new medium and large-sized new energy vehicle Hanshang this year. As a result, the cruising range of pure electric vehicles can reach 605Km.
The so-called "blade battery" is still a lithium iron phosphate battery, but the new technology makes it store more energy in a smaller volume by changing the layout of the battery core. According to BYD's patent application, the brand-new "blade battery" adopts the design scheme of long battery core with square aluminum shell. If the battery cell is squashed, the maximum length of the battery cell can reach 2.5 meters, which is ten times that of the traditional lithium iron phosphate battery.
The solid-state battery that has been talked about many times is the future that many people look forward to. But in the short term, it will not be the future. At present, the latest news is that a number of Japanese head car companies and the Japanese government have begun to cooperate in the development of solid-state batteries. In order to support this project, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan will provide Libtec with 654.38+06 billion yen (about 654.38+04 million US dollars). LIBTEC hopes to develop a solid-state battery and double the cruising range of electric vehicles from the current 400 kilometers (about 249 miles) to 800 kilometers (about 497 miles) in 2030. It is estimated that the agency plans to increase the cruising range of electric vehicles to 550 kilometers (about 342 miles) in 2025.
Judging from the time node, the cruising range will increase to 550 kilometers after five years, which obviously will not be the key to changing the industry in the short term. Even if they are all giants, Asahi Kasei, Toray Industries, Toyota, Nissan, Honda, Panasonic and Tangqian.
There are also hydrogen fuel cells, which have been talked about many times.
Nowadays, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are monopolized by Japanese and Korean car companies because of technical patents, costs and other reasons. In 20 19, the global sales of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles reached a record 7,500 vehicles, most of which came from Hyundai Nexo, Toyota FC Mirai and Honda Clarity fuel cells.
Taking NEXO, a modern second-generation hydrogen fuel cell technology model, as an example, the conversion efficiency of hydrogen energy reaches 60%, which is twice as high as that of the traditional fuel engine, and the power performance is 20% higher than that of the first generation. The maximum output power reaches 1.20 kW, and the battery life can reach 609 km after 5 minutes of hydrogen fuel filling (under Korean standards, if the weather and road conditions are better, the battery life can reach 800 km).
Of course, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, like solid-state batteries, will not become the mainstream of new energy vehicles in a short time, because the construction and development of related supporting infrastructure is relatively more difficult, and technical barriers and cost barriers are also obvious.
The improvement of the life of electric bicycles is obvious to all, and some head enterprises have also given their own new ways of playing in the fields of charging and electronic control. For example, at the recent Bosch Internet of Things Conference BCW held in Berlin, Germany, Chinese Express announced that it would cooperate with Bosch to promote a new generation of power battery cloud management system. This technology can connect the battery of electric vehicle with the cloud, extend the service life of the battery by about 20%, and improve the reliability of the battery.
Therefore, it can be predicted that the attitude of consumers will change with the launch of new products by car companies. As for who is the first to break through this threshold, it depends on what kind of performance BYD Korea launched this year can finally bring.