1. Landfill method
Landfilling garbage is the most negative, backward, passive and impatient method of garbage disposal. Although this treatment method has slightly less investment, simple process, large processing capacity, and better achieves the harmlessness of the surface. However, the landfilled garbage has not been treated harmlessly, and a large number of bacteria and viruses remain; there are also hidden dangers such as heavy metal pollution in biogas; and the garbage leakage will also pollute groundwater resources for a long time. Therefore, this method has the potential to It is causing great harm and will bring endless troubles to future generations. This method not only fails to realize the resource treatment of garbage, but also takes up a large amount of land and is a dangerous practice that leaves the source of pollution to future generations. Currently, many developed countries have banned landfill waste. Competent departments at all levels of our country's government have gradually become aware of the problems existing in this processing technology and are bound to ban and eliminate such behavior.
2. Waste incineration and incineration power generation method
The advantage is that the treatment is thorough and fast, converting the waste into heat energy, and also realizing the partial resource utilization of the waste. However, the treatment of harmful gas "dioxin" produced during the combustion of garbage has caused great flaws in this method. (Note: Dioxin is the abbreviation of a class of compounds. The English media calls it dioxin. In Chinese, it should be called dioxin. The strict academic name should be: polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (abbreviation) PCDDs) Polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDFs for short) is a chlorinated tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compound. Its toxicity is represented by LD50. The technical term is called "half lethal dose". It is 130 times more toxic than potassium cyanide and is arsenic. 900 times that of dioxin, which is known as the "poison of the century". It generally enters the human body through the food chain and is not easily decomposed and excreted. Dioxins have been identified as human carcinogens, and the most toxic one is 2,3,7,8-PCDD(2). , 3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-dioxin). Municipal waste incineration, scrap metal smelting, chlorine-containing plastic product incineration, house fires, etc. are the main sources of dioxins. Pollution through water, soil and other channels. Dioxins are stable in nature. The half-life in soil is 12 years. The half-life of gaseous dioxin in photochemical decomposition in the air is 8.3 days. Dioxin is a colorless needle-shaped crystal highly toxic substance. , can enter the body through the skin, mucous membranes, respiratory tract, and digestive tract. It is carcinogenic, teratogenic, and reproductively toxic. It can cause decreased immunity and endocrine disorders. High concentrations of dioxins can cause liver and kidney damage and allergies. Dermatitis and bleeding, etc. Dioxins are stable to heat and cold and are difficult to degrade in the environment. The dioxin-contaminated soil of the Anshun factory has been sealed in space packages for five or six years, and there has been no effective and economical fundamental treatment. Method. Kaohsiung Zhengxiu University of Science and Technology has detected hundreds of bacteria from contaminated soil. In the past year, it has cooperated with the Institute of Biochemistry of Sun Yat-sen University to screen out bacteria that use dioxin as a food source from hundreds of bacterial species in soil samples. Zhang Jianguoping, director of the Ultra-Trace Analysis Research and Technology Center of the University of Science and Technology of China, said that this bacterium is a "natural nemesis of dioxin" and "as long as it is moved into soil contaminated by dioxin, After a period of time, the bacteria can grow to a sufficient amount, and they can 'eat' the dioxins without removing the soil.) Moreover, domestic waste in our country is not classified. This kind of mixed waste has a low calorific value, and a large amount of coal is required for power generation. Or fuel combustion, making the investment and operating costs of this project very expensive. Almost all of the dozen incineration power plants currently built in our country are operating at a loss, and they are all operated with high government subsidies. Moreover, the waste in small and medium-sized cities in my country is generally low. The amount generated is far less than the total amount of large cities, and it is not suitable for building waste-to-energy generation, so it is not feasible.
3. Garbage composting method
This method has the advantages of low investment and easy operation on site, but it has the following fatal shortcomings:
3.1 , The composting time is very long, usually three weeks to six months, and the accumulated leachate is seriously polluted;
3. 2. The organic matter is not completely degraded, and the residue will still cause environmental pollution;
3. 3. Compost products contain many impurities and cannot effectively separate harmful substances such as heavy metals. Long-term use of compost products will cause soil surface deposition, compaction, damage to the soil, and harm to crops; heavy metal residues in crops exceed standards.
3. 4. During the composting process, a large amount of nitrogen nutrients are released, and phosphorus and potassium compounds are degraded, resulting in low-quality fertilizers. Farmers are unwilling to accept it, and it is difficult to develop the market.
4. The advancement and technical advantages of the waste resource treatment method
4. 1. The reduction of waste has been achieved. It can reduce the amount of garbage by 80-85%, and the remaining residue can be produced into light building materials and construction ceramsite, thereby achieving "residue-free" treatment of garbage.
4. 2. Realize the harmlessness of garbage. After high-temperature (165℃-185℃) and high-pressure (0.8MPa-1.0Mpa) "pyrolysis treatment" (hydrolysis thermal separation), all the bacteria, eggs, viruses, and diseases in the garbage no longer exist, and they have been completely resolved. The pollution hazard caused by organic waste to the environment has been eliminated, and during the entire treatment process, a variety of prevention and control measures have been taken to prevent secondary pollution such as smoke, odor, sewage, harmful gases, and noise, etc., to eliminate secondary pollution. Mature and reliable patented new technologies are guaranteed in terms of process means and management measures.
4. 3. Maximize the resource utilization of garbage. Almost all waste has been recycled and reused scientifically and rationally. More than 90% of organic matter and waste plastics, the two main sources of pollution, have been recycled and reused. Non-recyclable combustible garbage has also been made into high calorific value environmentally friendly fuel products, achieving the goal of making the best use of everything, everyone finding their place, everyone showing their talents, and turning waste into treasure. ! While producing good social and environmental benefits, it also produces good economic benefits - garbage is wealth! Trash is treasure!
4. 4. The main product produced from garbage: high-efficiency organic compound fertilizer is an emerging high-tech agricultural product. High-efficiency organic compound fertilizer produced from organic matter in garbage is an emerging high-tech agricultural product. Through a large number of basic farmland experimental demonstrations and large-scale promotion and application across the country, it has been fully demonstrated that this organic compound fertilizer has obvious effects on increasing production and income, can effectively increase soil fertility, improve soil, and the products produced are pollution-free green organic foods. . The fertilizer of this project has been recognized by the Ministry of Agriculture and awarded many awards. Therefore, the market prospect of the main product of this project is very broad.
4. 5. Garbage disposal is fast. Another outstanding feature of this resource-based treatment method is its "fast speed", which allows the garbage collected and transported on the same day to be "destroyed" on the same day (about 4 hours). This rapid processing method is unmatched by any other processing method.
4. 6. There is less landfill residue. The backfill residue of this project is less than 1/10 of the previous landfill volume, so it occupies less space and there is no accumulation of pollution.
The above is provided by: Mina Technology Shenzhen Co., Ltd. szstrong888