In addition to using natural gas, liquefied gas and various dual fuels, future energy sources for automobiles can also use solar energy, electric energy and hydrogen energy. From a material perspectiv

In addition to using natural gas, liquefied gas and various dual fuels, future energy sources for automobiles can also use solar energy, electric energy and hydrogen energy. From a material perspective, solar cells need to solve the problems of low-cost manufacturing of amorphous silicon (can only reach 1w/0.2$ by the end of this century) and low photoelectric conversion rate (24%); battery energy storage needs to solve the problem of high-efficiency batteries (low cost, high specific energy and specific power of electricity storage and high number of electricity storage); while hydrogen energy needs to solve the problems of low-cost water decomposition and hydrogen storage. The problem of hydrogen storage is usually solved by hydrogen storage alloys. Currently, they are mainly lanthanum series (LaNi5), titanium series (TiFe and TiFeV) and magnesium series (Mg2Ni) intermetallic compounds, which can generally store more than 1000 times the amount of hydrogen than their own volume. . The disadvantages of these alloys are low hydrogen storage times (hydrogen storage and release cause the volume to expand and contract repeatedly, causing the alloy to pulverize), easy poisoning and low hydrogen storage density. If zirconium-nickel and copper-titanium amorphous alloys are used to store hydrogen, due to its amorphous structure, grain boundary cracking is not prone to occur, thereby avoiding the formation of powder. However, general amorphous alloys require rapid cooling during the manufacturing process, so it is difficult to make large-scale samples. It is necessary to develop alloys with high amorphous formation capabilities. Based on foreign literature reports in the late 1980s, we studied the amorphous formation ability of lanthanum, zirconium and magnesium amorphous alloys after adding other components (Al, Y, Co, etc.). Although it cannot reach the level of castings with a diameter of about 10mm through pressure casting reported in the literature, amorphous alloys with a diameter greater than 5mm have been cast. Based on these alloys, it is possible to develop long-life hydrogen storage amorphous alloys, whose performance indicators are expected to reach: a. Hydrogen storage capacity reaches 200mm3/g; b. Discharge capacity 50W/Kg; c. The number of charge and discharge times is greater than 500 times; d. At 100-150℃, the vapor pressure of hydrogen is greater than 5MPa; e. The temperature range of the pressure platform is between 20-30℃. The application of hydrogen fuel vehicles can be led to by solving the low-cost decomposition of water (currently, water can also be electrolyzed by the surplus electricity when the power output of power plants is low) or due to the increase in the price of gasoline (oil shortage). Because hydrogen generates harmless water after combustion, this research is of great significance for environmental protection. The above is a reference for reference only