Shooting originated from military and hunting activities. Shooting competitions are mainly divided into pistol, air gun, flying saucer and moving target competitions. 1896 There were only three shooting events in the first Olympic Games, but in the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, the shooting events were increased to 17. Compared with other events, shooting doesn't require much physical strength. The difficulty of shooting lies in being in the noise of gunshots. In the case of psychological tension, we must also stabilize our mentality and concentrate on aiming at the bull's eye.
Shooting events can be divided into four categories according to guns and shooting methods: rifle events, pistol events, flying saucers and moving targets:
Pistol events are divided into slow fire and rapid fire. Slow fire is generally 60 rounds and the shooting distance is 50 meters. The diameter of the 10 ring of the target is relatively small, and 60 rounds are shot within the specified time calculated in hours, ranking according to the number of rings. This project is the project with the longest shooting distance and the highest accuracy, and it is also a difficult project. In this event, the shooter takes a standing position with a gun in one hand.
The rapid-fire distance is generally 25 meters, and there are 60 rounds of ammunition, with a group of every 5 rounds. The shooting time of each group is 8 seconds, 6 seconds and 4 seconds respectively. The rapid-fire target is electronically controlled. During the game, the shooter's arm holding the gun hangs down in a ready posture, and he shoots with the gun after the target appears. Among them, the group of 4 seconds 1 is the most difficult to shoot, especially the first shot is the most important, and the time should be as short as possible to create opportunities for the next four shots.
There are many rifle shooting events, including various distances and shooting positions in prone position, standing position and kneeling position. Rifle events are characterized by long shooting time, slow speed and high precision, and it takes several hours to play. People call it "shooting marathon".
Flying saucer shooting is also called clay pigeon shooting. In the early days, live pigeons were used as shooting targets. Later, live pigeons were replaced by mud pigeons, hence the name. There are several kinds of flying saucers, such as multidirectional and bidirectional, and recently there has been a double multidirectional, which is mainly distinguished according to the direction and position of the throwing machine. Flying saucers don't fly in the air for a long time, so feeling and experience are very important. UFO competitions usually shoot 200 targets.
In the moving target competition, a small caliber rifle is used to shoot the moving target with a distance of 10 meter. Most of the moving targets are running pig targets, so they are also called running pig targets. In the early days, the moving target was installed on a pulley, and it moved forward by inertia after manual driving. Now it is mostly electronically controlled. Only for men, it has been listed as an Olympic event since 1900.
China Olympic Games: Shooting has always been the strong point of the China delegation, and China won the first Olympic gold medal in the shooting competition. The shooting team of China in this Athens Olympic Games is stronger than that of Ma Zhuang, so it should not be difficult to win gold and silver in the competition.
Olympic events:
Men's competition: 10m air rifle, 50m air rifle, 50m rifle horizontal shooting, 10m air pistol, 25m pistol rapid fire, 50m pistol, 10m moving target, skeet, skeet and skeet;
Women's competition: 10 air rifle, 50m rifle,10m air pistol, 25m pistol, skeet, skeet.
Shooting milestone
14 10: The world's first musket company was born.
17 10: fixed target shooting became popular in the United States.
18 14: Flying pigeons started shooting in the English match.
1858: Seymour colt invented the pneumatic device of pistol. In the same year, the world's first shooting association was born in Sweden and the earliest shooting rules were written.
1880: The shooting of magnetic pigeons began in the British competition.
1888: Claire registered a patent for automatic weapons.
1896: The shooting incident entered the temple. Except for 1904 St. Louis Olympic Games and 1928 Amsterdam Olympic Games, shooting has always been a reserved event in previous Olympic Games.
1968: Female shooters make their debut at the Olympic Games. There were no rules for women to shoot at that time, so men and women competed together.
1984: Women's shooting appeared as an independent event in the Olympic Games, including sport pistol, small caliber rifles and air rifles.
Shoot sports stars
Oscar Swahn (Sweden)
A veteran shooter. 19 12 years, at the age of 64, he also won the gold medal of the Olympic deer target shooting team, becoming the oldest Olympic gold medal winner in the world at that time. 1920, at the age of 72, he also won the silver medal in the double-barreled gun team competition, becoming the oldest Olympic medal winner in the world. His son alford Reed broke his father's record.
Kolore-Taksch (Hungary)
1938 won the pistol team championship in the World Championships. Then an accidental Grenade explosion made him lose his right hand. Undaunted, he practiced holding a gun with his left hand and won the pistol rapid-fire championship in the Olympic Games of 1948 and 1952.
Zhang Shan (China)
A veritable champion. 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games is the last mixed competition of men and women in shooting events. But even so, the heroine beat all the male players and won the gold medal in the skeet competition in one fell swoop. She is the only female athlete who won the gold medal in mixed shooting competition in Olympic history.
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The range of skeet competition is generally 15 meters. Six shooters compete in five shooting locations. There are 15 target throwers in the target ditch, and each target thrower is a group with three shooting directions. After throwing the target, the target rotates and flies into the air. Their flying speed is generally 80 km/h, and their flying distance in the air is generally 65-80 meters.
In skeet competition, * * * has eight shooting positions, seven of which are evenly distributed on a semi-circular arc, and one of which is at the center of the circle. The targets used in UFO projects are all made of limestone and asphalt, and the diameter is generally 10cm.
Rifles and pistols
Both rifle and pistol shooting competitions use electronic targets. There are 10 concentric circles on the target paper, and the innermost is 10 rings. The range of rifles and pistols is generally 10 m and 50 m (except for men's 25m pistol rapid fire and women's 25m pistol rapid fire, both of which have a range of 25m). (
1, the name of the world archery management organization is FITA, which is the world archery management organization.
2. Important international archery competitions include: World Archery Championship, World Outdoor Archery Championship and International Field Archery Championship.
3. According to the international competition rules, the target size is: there are two target sizes-the target with a distance of 30 meters and 50 meters is 80 cm wide; Target width of 60m, 70m and 90m 120cm.
4. When the archer aims at the target: the archer holds the bow with the bow-holding arm, then pulls the bowstring backwards with the bow-pulling hand until the bow is full, looks at the sight, and then shoots at the target.