Edit this paragraph IBM
International Business Machines Corporation, or International Business Machines Corporation, referred to as IBM (International Business Machines Corporation), company website: /. Headquartered in Armonk, New York, the company was founded in the United States in 1911. It is the world's largest information technology and business solutions company. It currently has more than 300,000 employees worldwide and operates in more than 160 countries and regions. In 2006, IBM's global operating revenue reached US$91.4 billion. The company's main business when it was founded was commercial typewriters, which later switched to word processors, and then to computers and related services.
Over the past ninety years, the world economy has continued to develop and modern science has changed with each passing day. IBM has always led the development of the global information industry with advanced technology, excellent management and unique products, ensuring that the world Almost all industry users within the scope have comprehensive needs for information processing. As we all know, as early as 1969, the Apollo spacecraft carried three astronauts, shouldering the mission of mankind, to the moon for the first time; in 1981, the Columbia space shuttle successfully flew into space. Both historic space flights embody IBM's unparalleled ingenuity.
Edit this introduction
The founder of IBM was Thomas Watson Sr., and the company later ushered in the computer age under the leadership of his son Thomas Watson Jr.
IBM’s current CEO is Samuel Palmisano, transliterated as Samuel Palmisano, and his Chinese name is Peng Mingsheng.
IBM China, that is, the current chairman of IBM (International Business Machines Co., Ltd.) Greater China is Henry Chow. In early 2007, Qian Daqun served as CEO.
IBM is a long-term leader in the computer industry, with its most notable achievements in mainframe/minicomputers and portable computers (ThinkPad). The personal computer (PC) standard he created is still used and developed today.
In addition, IBM also leads the industry in mainframes, supercomputers (mainly represented by dark blue and blue genes), UNIX, and servers.
In terms of software, IBM Software Group integrates five major software brands, including Lotus, WebSphere, DB2, Rational, and Tivoli. They are leaders or strong competitors in the software industry in their respective aspects. . Only after 1999 did Microsoft's overall size surpass that of the IBM Software Department. As of now, the IBM Software Department is also the second largest software entity in the world.
IBM also has great achievements in the fields of materials, chemistry, physics and other sciences. Hard drive technology was invented by IBM, and scanning tunneling microscope (STM), copper wiring technology, and atomic etching technology were also invented by IBM Research Institute.
IBM still maintains its position as the owner of the most patents in the world. Since 1993, IBM has topped the list of patent registrations in the United States for thirteen consecutive years. By 2002, IBM's R&D personnel had been awarded a total of 22,358 patents. This record was unprecedented and far exceeded the total number of patents obtained by the top 11 US companies in the IT industry. These 11 IT giants include: HP, Intel , Sun, Microsoft, Dell, etc. IBM filed 2,941 patent applications in 2005. Although it was less than the 3,248 patent applications in 2004, it still left the second place far behind.
In 2003, IBM's total revenue was US$89.1 billion and it had 230,000 employees worldwide.
In 2004, IBM's total revenue was US$96.5 billion and it had 310,000 employees worldwide.
In 2005, IBM's total revenue was US$91.1 billion (after the sale of the PC division to Lenovo).
2006 full-year operating results
- - Total revenue was US$91.4 billion, excluding the divested PC business, an increase of 4;
-- Income from continuing operating activities was US$9.4 billion, an increase of 18 year-on-year, excluding extraordinary items in 2005, an increase of 9;
-- Diluted earnings per share from continuing operating activities was $6.06, a year-on-year increase of 23%, excluding the increase of 14% from non-recurring items in 2005;
-- Net cash from operating activities was US$15.3 billion, excluding the Global Financing Division's receivables, which increased by US$2.2 billion
IBM China includes:
IBM China Development Center and IBM China Software Development Center CSDL /cdl/
IBM China Research Institute (formerly IBM China Research Center) CRL: /ibm/crl
IBM China website
In 2004, we cooperated with Hong Kong Cultural Communications Group to promote Chinese CPU cash register
IBM software part is divided into five parts
DB2, Webshpere, Tivoli, Rational, Lotus
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On May 1, 2005, Lenovo Group Co., Ltd. and IBM announced that Lenovo completed the acquisition of IBM's global personal computer business, marking the birth of the world's third largest personal computer company. Lenovo Group owns the ThinkPad and ThinkCenter trademarks , and can use the IBM brand within 5 years.
IBM is also a company highly respected by the world. One of the reasons why we are respected is that we have been able to lead industrial revolutions many times over the course of nearly a hundred years, especially in the IT industry, where we have set many standards and worked hard to help our customers succeed. In addition, the company has consistently ranked among the top 500 companies in the world. More importantly, the reason why it is respected is that IBM has always adhered to the "Watson Philosophy" in its nearly century-old history:
When IBM was founded in 1914, Thomas Watson Sr. Watson has formulated a "Code of Conduct" for the company. These principles have always been kept in the minds of everyone in the company. Every action and policy is directly affected by these three principles. The contribution of the "Watson Philosophy" to the company's success is It is greater than the contribution of technological innovation, marketing skills, or huge financial resources. Mainly include:
1. Individuals must be respected.
2. We must provide customers with the best service possible.
3. We must pursue excellent work performance.
For example: The following text can be found from the IBM China website: "IBM China is adhering to the core values ??of "accomplishing customers, innovation first, integrity and responsibility" to lead Chinese customers to the same direction. The road to transformation requires adaptability.” The content in quotation marks is exactly the expression of the “Watson Philosophy” on customer attitude.
Edit this history
Early Years
The history of IBM can be traced back to decades before the development of electronic computers. Before the development of electronic computers, it used punched cards. Data processing equipment. IBM was registered as CTR Corporation on June 15, 1911, in Endicott, New York, a few miles west of Binghamton.
Three independent companies merged to form CTR: the Listing Machine Company (founded in Washington, D.C., 1896), the Calculation Table Company (founded in Dayton, Ohio, 1901), and the International Era Recording Company ( Founded in Endicott, New York in 1900). At that time, the president and founder of the computer company was Herman Hollerith.
The key figure behind the merger was financier Charles Flint, who brought together the founders of the three companies to propose the merger and served at CRT until his retirement in 1930.
Thomas. J. Watson was the founder of IBM. He served as general manager of CTR in 1914 and president in 1915. In 1917, CTR entered the Canadian market as International Business Machines Co., Ltd. and changed its name to International Business Machines Co., Ltd. on February 14, 1924. Business Machines Corporation (IBM).
The company merged to form CTR to manufacture a variety of products, including employee timekeeping systems, scales, automatic meat slicers, and, most importantly, computers, punched card equipment. For a time CTR Concentrate on punch cards and no longer participate in other activities.
World War II, the Era of the Holocaust
In 2001, writer Edwin Black published "IBM and the Holocaust" (ISBN0609808990), this book claims to explain how IBM's New York headquarters and CEO Thomas J. Watson provided punch card machines to the Third Reich through overseas subsidiaries, and they knew that the machines could help the Nazis implement the "Final Solution." The book says that with the cooperation of New York, IBM's Geneva office and Dehomag, its German subsidiary, actively participated in supporting Nazi atrocities. Black also said the machines allowed the Nazis to work more efficiently. A 2003 documentary on the company also explored the issue.
IBM has since dismissed these accusations, and lawsuits based on them have been dismissed.
During World War II, IBM produced the M1 carbine and Browning automatic rifle. Allied forces widely used IBM equipment for military computing, logistics and other military purposes. IBM punched card machines were used extensively at Los Alamos to do calculations during the development of the atomic warhead during the Manhattan Project; this was documented by Richard Feynman in his best-selling book, "You're Kidding Me, Mr. Feynman!" 》Specially discussed. IBM also built the Harvard Mark I for the Navy during the war, which was the first large-scale automatic digital computer in the United States.
Air Force and Aeronautical Engineering
In the 1950s, IBM became the primary contractor for the development of computers for the U.S. Air Force's automated defense systems. Setting out to recreate the anti-aircraft gun system, IBM was exposed to key research conducted at MIT; work on the first generation of real-time, digital computers (which included many other advances such as a comprehensive video demonstration, magnetic core experience, lightweight guns , the first effective algebraic computer language, analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversion technology, digital data transmission telephone lines, duplexing, multiprocessors, networking). IBM built 56 smart computers priced at 10,000 each, At its peak, more than 7,000 employees (20% of the total employees) were invested in the project. However, what is more important than profits in the long run is the military investment in research using cutting-edge electronic computers. IBM neglected to fight for more dominance in the emerging industry, leaving the Rand Corporation to take over the design of the new computer because, according to one project participant (Robert PCrago): "We couldn't imagine that the work in this area would disappear in the future and where would we absorb the 2,000 Programmers come to work on this at IBM." IBM will use its vast design experience to integrate real-time network design with the launch of Smart Airlines' reservation system and achieve great success.
From the 1960s to the 1980s
In the 1960s, IBM was one of the eight largest computer companies (Univac, Urban Life, Scientific Data Systems, Control Data Corporation, General Electric Company, and RCA , Honeywell). People talk about it and say "IBM and Seven Stars" because the other companies or their computer divisions are smaller. Only Metrolife, UNIVAC, NCR, Honeywell produce mainframes, others Then someone said "IBM and B.U.N.C.H." Now most of IBM's competitors are long gone, except for Unisys, which is due to many mergers including Univac and Urban Life. NCR, Honeywell gave up their general mainframe and small divisions and Focusing on profitable product markets, NCR made cash registers (hence the name National Cash Register), and Honeywell became the market leader in thermostats. General Electric was still the largest company in the world, but not in the computer market. Re-operation. At that time the IBM line of computers earned a position in the market that is still growing today. Originally known as the IBM System/360, in its more modern 64-bit form, it is now known as the resident IBM system (commonly known as the "IBM Mainframe" ).
IBM's success in the mid-1960s led the U.S. Department of Justice to investigate IBM for antitrust violations, and on January 17, 1969, the case was filed against IBM in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. The lawsuit claimed that IBM violated Section 2 of the Sherman Act by monopolizing or attempting to monopolize the market for general-purpose digital electronic computer systems, particularly computers of commercial design. The litigation lasted until 1983 and had a significant impact on the company's practices.