What is El Nino?
In the waters near Allica, which borders Peru at the northern end of Chile, when cold-water fish migrate with the upwelling of low temperature, they feed, play freely and multiply here, a disaster suddenly comes.
An "uninvited guest" broke in here. In an instant, almost all cold water plankton lost their lives, most carp died in batches, and many seabirds starved to death in a few days because of lack of food. The sea was covered with the bodies of fish and seabirds. They decompose and produce a large amount of hydrogen sulfide, which causes the seawater to smell abnormal and turn black quickly. The hulls of the ships that came here, even the rocks on the coast, were dyed black, as if painted with a layer of black paint. The combination of hydrogen sulfide and sea fog drifted with the wind, and the houses and cars in callao, the outer port of Lima, Peru, were also dyed black. So the local people nicknamed the black sea water and black fog "callao painter". So far, when you sail to the coastal areas of callao, you will find that the color of sea water here is different from other places, just like a pot of soy sauce soup.
A large number of fish and seabirds died, resulting in a sharp decline in Peru's fishery production; The fishmeal processing factory with glue fish as raw material was forced to stop work and the workers were unemployed; The guano industry has also suffered serious losses.
Who created this disaster? It turned out to be a small warm current, which people called "El Nino".
"El Nino" is Spanish, which literally means "Son of Jesus" or "El Nino". Although its name is beautiful, its behavior is ugly. In people's eyes, he is a "bad boy" who specializes in practical jokes. Whenever it visits a fishing ground in western Peru, it will bring disaster to marine life. Most of the most terrible disasters happened around the Christmas of Jesus Christ 65438+February 25th. Therefore, Peruvians call this natural phenomenon El Nino.
El Nino's hometown is in the equatorial waters of the eastern Pacific Ocean, where it is warm all the year round and the water temperature is high. The equatorial countercurrent initially flows steadily from west to east. It happened that at some point, this equatorial countercurrent also bifurcated, and some seawater went south along the coast of Ecuador, crossed the equator, and entered the Peruvian fishing ground, causing the seawater temperature here to suddenly rise by 3℃~5℃, and sometimes even as high as 8℃, which brought great disasters to many cold-water fish.
El Nino was originally a "patent" in some waters of Peru. It is reported that in Peru, El Ni? o means "warm water invading south". Later, scientists discovered that. El Nino not only brings disaster to Peru's marine life, but also affects the global climate, causing the earth to launch "malaria". It caused sudden rainstorm in arid areas, and made the places with abundant rainfall dry for a long time. It makes the cold winter months warm like spring, and makes the hot season cold and clear.
The strongest El Nino in the 20th century occurred in 1982~ 1983. When El Nino came, the equatorial water temperature in the eastern Pacific suddenly rose by 6℃, and many countries in the world suffered unexpected abnormal climate and rare natural disasters in a hundred years. Drought occurred in 60% of Zimbabwe, and corn production decreased by 2/3, and 500,000 cattle died prematurely or were slaughtered due to drought.
Switzerland, which is famous for its beautiful weather, 1982 was overcast in spring, with a cold wind and sometimes heavy rain. The rainfall in the first half of May is rare for 46 years.
What is El Nino?
"El Nino" is a strong warm current, which belongs to one of the important phenomena of marine atmospheric system. Its appearance will bring disastrous weather to the whole world. The word "El Nino" comes from Spanish, which means "El Nino". Because this phenomenon generally appeared around Christmas in June+February, 5438, it was named. According to legend, long ago, ancient Indians living on the west coast of South America, Peru and Ecuador paid great attention to the relationship between the ocean and the weather. They found that in some years, around Christmas on February 25, 65438, the temperature of the nearby sea water was much higher than that of the surrounding waters, and it would rain heavily soon after, accompanied by other strange phenomena such as the migration of seabirds in groups. Ancient Indians could not understand this natural phenomenon, because it often appeared around Christmas, so they called it "El Nino". As far as the whole global atmospheric circulation is concerned, its total heat source is the equatorial belt, because the solar radiation received here is 1.4 times higher than that of the polar regions every year, thus causing the global atmospheric circulation movement with the equator as the "power". In the process of this movement, different regions will form different weather such as heat, cold, temperature, wind, rain and snow, and form a relatively stable climate zone on a global scale. The appearance of "El Nino" will affect this stability to varying degrees. When this warm air flow is strong, it can flow tens of thousands of kilometers along the south latitude 15, which accelerates the rhythm of the whole global atmospheric circulation and makes the relatively stable climate in the world abnormal.
What does El Nino mean?
El Nino phenomenon refers to a climatic phenomenon of abnormal warming of SST in tropical Pacific Ocean. Large-scale tropical Pacific warming will cause global climate change.
El Nino is divided into El Nino phenomenon and El Nino event. El Nino phenomenon is a climatic phenomenon that occurs in the tropical Pacific where the sea surface temperature is abnormally warming and the tropical Pacific is warming in a large scale. This state lasted for more than three months before it was recognized as an El Ni? o event.
On the west coast of South America and the eastern part of the South Pacific, there is a famous Peruvian cold current flowing from south to north. June165438+1October is the summer in the southern hemisphere. The water temperature in the southern hemisphere generally rises, and the equatorial warm current flowing westward strengthens.
In eastern China, the normal climate should be: high temperature and rainy in summer, low temperature and little rain in winter. What happens when El Nino happens?
In summer, the main rain belt is in the south, and most parts of the north are dry and rainy.
The rainy season in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is mostly postponed.
In autumn, the precipitation in the east of China is more in the south than in the north, which is easy to make the north dry in summer and autumn.
Most parts of this country are warm in winter and cool in summer.
There are fewer typhoons landing in China.