In the feature description of patent claim, can the word "or" be used to connect two technical features with the same function? Such as alcohol or water.

Yes, using or representing one of the two.

For example, as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that A is water or alcohol; A It's either water or alcohol.

The claim according to claim 1 is characterized in that a is at least one of water and alcohol; (A can be water, alcohol or a mixture of water and alcohol)

Different words in the claim lead to different protection scope of the claim, please try to expand the protection scope.