Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea of Dioscoreaceae, whose rhizome is used as medicine. Excavation, soil cleaning and drying in spring and autumn.
Dioscorea zingiberensis
Pillow root, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Rehmanniae and Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens.
Sweet, bitter and cold. This species is a poisonous plant included in the China Botanical Atlas Database. Its toxicity is reflected in the fact that the roots and stems are believed to have nourishing effect, but excessive consumption can cause dizziness, dizziness and other poisoning symptoms. Mashed roots will poison fish.
Rhizomes are cylindrical, often with irregular branches of different lengths, with a diameter of 1.5 ~ 3 cm. The surface is brown and rough, with obvious longitudinal wrinkles and white dot-like root marks. Hard, muddy and orange in cross section. It tastes bitter.
As a raw material for hormone drugs.
Detoxification and swelling reduction. Used for early ulcerated carbuncle and furuncle, acute purulent infection of skin, soft tissue injury and bee sting.
Appropriate amount is applied externally, mashed and applied to the affected area.
"National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine" ———————————————————————————
Dioscorea zingiberensis, also known as Dioscorea zingiberensis and Dioscorea zingiberensis, is a perennial herb vine. Its tubers have high medicinal and chemical values. After processing, it can be used to extract saponin, Shuangxi and other pharmaceutical and chemical products. It is an essential component of hormone drugs and is known as the "mother of hormones". Widely used in cosmetics, health care, contraception, analgesia, anesthesia and other drugs, the market demand is relatively stable. The saponin produced in China accounts for 50% of the world. In recent twenty years, with the popularization of family planning policy and the wide use of hormone drugs, the demand for diosgenin (saponin) in international and domestic markets is increasing day by day, and the purchase price of Dioscorea zingiberensis has been rising all the way, and the price of saponin has also been rising again and again. Moreover, most saponin production enterprises are under-employed due to the lack of raw materials. The production of Dioscorea zingiberensis faces challenges.
Dioscorea zingiberensis, also known as Dioscorea zingiberensis and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. It belongs to Dioscorea zingiberensis, a perennial twining herb with underground tubers and rich starch. The winding stem can be more than 2 meters long. Flowers unisexual, dioecious, spikes drooping; Capsule triangular and spherical, with seed wings; Underground rhizome is a famous starch plants, and it is also a nourishing food and medicinal plant. Female Dioscorea zingiberensis has fruit, pendulous fruit sequence and reflexed fruit. Herbaceous twining vines, left-handed stems, sometimes short spines at the base of branches or petioles, simple leaves alternate, shield-shaped, irregular yellow-white markings on leaves, shallow wavy edges, heart-shaped or truncated at the base; Flowers dioecious or monoecious; The male inflorescence is spike-shaped, with 2 ~ 3 male flowers clustered, the perianth purplish red and 6 stamens; Female inflorescence racemose spike. After drying, the capsule is blue-black, the seeds are chestnut brown, and there are thin-film wings around it. The flowering period is from May to August. The rhizome is cylindrical, often with irregular branches of different lengths, with a diameter of 1.5 ~ 3 cm, rough brown surface, obvious longitudinal wrinkles and white polka-dot root marks, hard, silty, orange in section and bitter in taste. Born in valleys, forests or bushes on both sides of streams; It is mainly distributed in hilly and cold mountainous areas with an altitude of more than 300 meters in 8 provinces, cities and regions such as Hubei, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Liaoning, Kyrgyzstan and Heilongjiang. Over the years, people have plundered the wild resources of Dioscorea zingiberensis in an unplanned way, resulting in the gradual depletion of this species. Therefore, China's steroid plants are about to face a shortage of raw materials, which will seriously threaten the development of China's steroid drug industry. Using asexual propagation technology, through years of experiments and artificial cultivation, we have achieved successful experience. Therefore, large-scale artificial cultivation of Dioscorea zingiberensis is imperative.
The rhizome and fruit of Dioscorea zingiberensis can be directly used as medicine, which has the effects of eliminating dampness, clearing heat and detoxifying; It has been found that Dioscorea zingiberensis can extract 120 components and an expensive steroid hormone-sapogenin, which cannot be synthesized in large quantities in industry. In addition, the rhizome contains 50% starch, which can be used for citric acid, wine-making and alcohol production, and can also extract agricultural nucleic acid from alcohol water and waste acid solution. The polyester processing products of saponin, such as diene, cysteamine acid and anhydrous cysteamine acid, are also important products for China to earn foreign exchange through export. The international market is very tight, and foreign businessmen are scrambling to place orders, so the economic price of Dioscorea zingiberensis is very high and its development prospect is very considerable.
The rhizome of Dioscorea zingiberensis contains dioscin, which is used as the raw material of hormone drugs. There are about 30 species of sapogenin in the world, accounting for more than 1%, while there are about 50 species in China, among which 17 species, 1 subspecies and 2 varieties contain sapogenin, accounting for more than 50% of the plants containing sapogenin in the world, and the content is as high as16.1. Dioscorea zingiberensis is an ideal and important raw material for extracting steroid hormones. A variety of steroid hormone drugs can be obtained by reforming sapogenin (commonly known as saponin) and its steroid structural compounds. The original products extracted from the rhizome of Dioscorea zingiberensis are intermediates or drugs such as soap androsterone, progesterone acetate (monoester), prednisone, cortisone series, oxytocin and contraceptives. In short, Dioscorea zingiberensis as raw material can be synthesized and transformed into a series of products especially needed by the national economy and people's livelihood, such as sex hormones, protein anabolic steroids and corticosteroids, so it is called "medicinal" in the medical field.