Semiconductor materials are divided into elemental semiconductors, inorganic compound semiconductors, organic compound semiconductors and amorphous and liquid semiconductors.
Element Semiconductors There are 11 semiconducting elements distributed in Groups IIIA to IVA of the periodic table of elements. C, P, and Se have two forms: insulators and semiconductors; B, Si, Ge, Te Semiconducting; Sn, As, and Sb have two forms: semiconductor and metal.
The melting point and boiling point of P are too low, and the vapor pressure of I is too high and easy to decompose, so their practical value is not great. The stable states of As, Sb, and Sn are metals, while semiconductors are unstable. B, C, and Te have also not been utilized due to difficulties in the preparation process and limitations in performance.
New materials:
Its structural stability, excellent electrical properties, and low cost can be used to manufacture field-effect transistors widely used in modern electronic devices.
Scientists say that the latest research is expected to make artificial skin, smart bandages, flexible displays, smart windshields, wearable electronic devices and electronic wallpapers a reality.
The reason why it is expensive is mainly because electronic products such as televisions, computers and mobile phones are made of silicon, and the manufacturing cost is very high; while carbon-based (plastic) organic electronic products are not only easy to manufacture, low-cost, but also lightweight Flexible and bendable, it represents the future trend of "electronic devices everywhere".