There are only two major difficulties in the overall electrification of automobiles, one is the manufacturing cost, and the other is the charging facilities; Before the manufacturing cost of the three-electric system is not low enough to achieve the same price as that of fuel vehicles in all price ranges, it is unrealistic to fully electrify, including electric hybrid. On the contrary, once the cost can be controlled, it is easy to eliminate fuel vehicles, and it is planning that drives the cost down. Now it seems that it is just around the corner. As long as there are enough electric vehicles, the charging facilities will follow up and improve.
Will motorcycle electrification be advanced or delayed, or will it not be fully realized?
Judging from the cost of the three power systems, it seems that motorcycles should be electrified first, but objectively it is difficult to do so.
When it comes to "electric motorcycles", it is always associated with scooters and women's cars of various styles. It seems that such cars are the most common, and motorcycles seem to have been electrified; However, these cars belong to commuter cars. Motorcycles are not only commuter cars, but also motorcycles with higher positioning, which are suitable for long-distance commuting or going to road trip.
It is difficult for electric motorcycles to achieve long battery life, and it is even more difficult to achieve efficient and fast charging.
At present, some brands of electric motorcycles have fast charging ability, and the charging guns used are the same or similar to the specifications of automobiles; However, the fast charging of these cars takes at least one hour, and the cruising range that can be recovered is barely around 200 kilometers. The 200-kilometer battery life mentioned here is also the test battery life of comprehensive road conditions. If the vehicle travels at a speed of about 80km/h, the cruising range will be greatly reduced.
This is expected, because the motorcycle is very small, the power battery compartment is smaller, and the power battery that can be accommodated is very limited.
So the capacity of the power battery pack will not be very high. It can be said that the battery life of about 200 kilometers has reached the limit, and it will be difficult to break through 300 kilometers. Unless the high-density power battery is used, the motorcycle is the motor vehicle with the worst safety protection, and the stability of the power battery after collision should also be considered. Therefore, the electric motorcycle is only suitable for medium and low-density power batteries, and the battery life is naturally difficult to improve.
On the premise that the capacity of the power battery pack is not large enough, the fast charging speed will not be very fast.
Theoretically, the larger the capacity of the power battery, the stronger the charge; That is to say, only with a large-capacity power battery pack can the charging power, current and time of the electric motorcycle be high enough. On the contrary, it takes at least one hour to charge quickly.
This charging efficiency cannot meet the needs of long-distance driving. In fact, it only takes more than an hour to ride more than 100 kilometers, and then stop to charge for an hour. What kind of trip can this be? Even long-distance commuting is difficult to satisfy.
To sum up, electric drive technology can realize full electrification in cars, but motorcycles still need internal combustion engines; It's just that ordinary commuter motorcycles can be electrified, because their users don't have high requirements for battery life, as long as the car cost is low enough. The cost of commuting by charging is still much lower than that of gasoline and motorcycles. However, high-end motorcycles will still be dominated by internal combustion engines, and it is difficult to have hybrid or extended-range drive systems.
Cars have fuel power, plug-in hybrid power or extended range and pure electric power, and motorcycles do not need intermediate transition options.
Because the curb weight of motorcycles is very low, the weight of ordinary street cars or retro cruises is only between 150-200 kg, and the heavy trucks are only two or three hundred kg; It doesn't need strong power. For example, with a 200cc engine, its power is between 10 and 12 kW, and the corresponding metric horsepower is14.96 ps-calculated according to 15 horses. Assuming the car body weight is 150kg, its maximum thrust-to-weight ratio is 225Hp/T, which corresponds to a high level of acceleration of about 7 seconds per 100 kilometers. The acceleration of the vehicle will be very light, and the speed will not increase frequently during driving, so the fuel consumption will be very low.
The fuel consumption of this standard motorcycle can be as low as 2L/ 100km. Is it necessary to mix or extend the range with such low fuel consumption?
Using hybrid or extended range system can further reduce fuel consumption, but both hybrid systems need to add an electric motor and an internal combustion engine, which will greatly increase the manufacturing cost of vehicles and the price of vehicles will be several thousand yuan to ten thousand yuan higher! In order to reduce fuel consumption, the price of the car has gone up a lot, and such a motorcycle will not be attractive.
So in the end, there will still be a considerable number of fuel-powered motorcycles, and electric motorcycles will be mainly commuters, but there will be some imitations; Motor drive used to simulate racing cars can effectively improve performance. The advantage of the motor is that the torque is constant, and the maximum torque can be output when starting, while the maximum torque of the high-power electric motorcycle can easily reach 500-600 Nm! More sports cars than ordinary cars. At the same time, the imitation race does not require high endurance, so only these two models are suitable for electric drive.
The remaining models may become the swan song of internal combustion engines and the last choice for drivers who like the roar of engines.
Editor: Tianhe Automobile-Automotive Science Island, published by Tianhe MCN, all rights reserved.
This article is from Tianhe Automobile Science Island, written by Che Yi, and the copyright belongs to the author. Please contact the author for any form of reprint. The content only represents the author's point of view and has nothing to do with the car reform.