During the period from 770 BC (the first year) to 403 BC (the three kingdoms were divided into Jin), the princes of the Zhou royal family gradually became stronger and took turns to dominate, and the royal family existed in name only, so they could only rely on the princes to give orders.
This period constitutes a complete historical period, which coincides with the historical period recorded in the Spring and Autumn Annals (722 BC to 48 BC1year), so the history is called Spring and Autumn Annals.
Extended data
Countries in the Spring and Autumn Period can be divided into several categories: First, the royal families of the Zhou Dynasty, such as Lu, Wei, Yan, Zheng, Cao, Cai and other countries; Second, Zhou's heroes, such as Qi and Qin; The third is the descendants of the previous generation, such as Song, Chen and other countries; 4. Countries regarded as barbarians by the vassal states of the Central Plains, such as Chu, Wu and Yue.
Among them, in terms of scale, Jin, Chu, Qi and Qin Dou were big countries in the Spring and Autumn Period, and other small countries were mainly distributed among these four countries, which became chess pieces in the game of hegemony among big countries. Wu and Vietnam rose later, both in the southeast.
1, Lu: Lu was the vassal state of his son Boqin, and his capital was chosen in (now Qufu, Shandong). The election was once the capital of Shang dynasty, and the enfeoffment of Lu was to suppress the adherents of Shang dynasty, and the national aristocracy was powerful.
2. Wei: Weiguo is a vassal state of Kang Shufeng, with its capital in Chao Ge (now Qixian County, Henan Province). Chao Ge was the capital of the late Shang Dynasty, and the enfeoffment of Wei was to suppress the adherents of Shang Dynasty. In the middle of the 7th century BC, Wei moved to the south bank of the Yellow River because of the attack of the Di people.
3. Yan (Northern Yan): There were several Yan States in the Spring and Autumn Period, among which the more famous one later became one of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period, namely the Northern Yan State, which was the seal of Zhao's son Ke.
4. Qi (Jiang's family): Qi was a vassal state that enfeoffed Jiang Ziya in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, with its capital in Yingqiu (now Linzi District, Zibo City, Shandong Province). Qi's status was very high, and the Zhou Dynasty allowed Qi to crusade against the guilty small countries in the East. At that time, it was controlled by Qi. By the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, the descendants of Chen, who had previously fled from Chen State to Qi State, gradually mastered the political power of Qi State and eventually replaced Jiang's rule over Qi State.
5. Chu: Chu is a special vassal state. At the beginning of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Zi Ren's place name Zhou was inferior to Shandong, Wei and other countries. However, the Chu people did not agree. In the 9th century BC, Xiong, the monarch of the State of Chu, even made his three sons kings to show his opposition to the Zhou Dynasty. In 704 BC, the bear was called the king.
6. Jin: After the destruction of the Tang Dynasty, he sent his younger brother to the Tang Dynasty (now southwest of Jin), and his son was renamed Jin. In 678 BC, the Duke Wu of Quwo seized the throne of the State of Jin. Jin Wengong occupied a dominant position, and later became the overlord of the north intermittently. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, the influence of officials in the Jin Dynasty prevailed, and by 453 BC, the situation of dividing Jin was basically formed.
7. Qin: When he was here, he escorted Dong Wang to Luoyi, where he became a vassal and a founding emperor. West Dog Mountain (now northeast of Lixian County, Gansu Province) was built at the beginning, and then moved to Pingyang. When Qin Degong was in office, he moved to Yongcheng. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Qin expanded its territory in Shaanxi and Gansu, but it was difficult to develop because of the strong state of Jin in the east.
8. Zheng: Zheng was enfeoffed in 806 BC. The early capital was Zheng (now hua county, Shaanxi) and later moved to Xinzheng (now Xinzheng, Henan). During the Spring and Autumn Period, due to being at the crossroads of countries' hegemony, they were often involved in the hegemony of big countries.
9. Song Dynasty: Song State was a feudal country of merchants and nobles. After the rebellion in Wu Geng was put down in the Western Zhou Dynasty, it was enfeoffed, which not only sent imperial clan to guard merchants' hometown, but also enfeoffed merchants' adherents, thinking that Huairou policy was also to preserve merchants' sacrifices. Shangqiu, the capital (now Shangqiu, Henan).
10, Zhen Xuan, Cao's younger brother, was sealed to (present-day Heze, Shandong) for establishment. In 487 BC, Bo Yang, the last monarch of Cao State, invaded Song State behind Jin State's back and was destroyed by Song State.
1 1, Cai Shudu, the younger brother of Cai, took part in the Wu Geng Rebellion and was exiled after failure. His son Hu Yingong was sealed in Cai (now Shangcai, Henan). Later, he moved to Xincai (now Xincai, Henan Province), and later moved to Cai Xia (now Fengtai, Anhui Province) controlled by Chu State. By 447 BC, Cai was destroyed by the State of Chu.
12, Chen: Yes, a descendant, was named Abatti Giresse Concorde. Zhu Ye (now the northeast of Zhecheng County, Henan Province) was the capital at first, and then moved to Wanqiu (now Huaiyang, Henan Province). Controlled by Chu State. In 478 BC, King Hui of Chu destroyed Chen.
13, Wu: According to legend, the ancestor of Wu was Tai Bohe, the son of Zhou, who moved south because his younger brother inherited the throne of King Tai and established Wu in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Later, with the help of witch doctors, Wu gradually became stronger. He went to He Lv, the king of Wu, and once defeated Chu, and his son Fu Cha even went to the Central Plains for hegemony. In 473 BC, it was destroyed by Gou Jian, the king of Yue.
14, Yue: According to legend, the ancestor of Yue was Ji (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). When the King of Yue allowed Chang, the war with Wu continued. When the son of Yun Chang, Gou Jian, surrendered to the State of Wu, which later revived and died in 473 BC, Gou Jian became the last overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period.
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