This paper is divided into two parts: multiple-choice questions and non-multiple-choice questions. 20 1 1 year 65438+February.
Note to candidates:
1. Examination time 120 minutes, full mark on the test paper 150.
This exam consists of two parts: examination paper and answer sheet. The test paper includes test questions and answer requirements; All answers must be drawn (multiple choice questions) or written (non-multiple choice questions) on the answer sheet; Don't grade the test paper.
3. Before answering the question, be sure to fill in the admission ticket number and name on the answer sheet, and post the checked barcode at the designated position.
There is a one-to-one correspondence between the answer sheet and the test paper in the test number, so you should pay special attention to the answer and not put it in the wrong position.
First, multiple-choice questions (***70 points)
The following questions are 2 points each, * * 58 points. There is only one correct option for each question.
1. Qian Daxin, a historian of the Qing Dynasty, summed up the data on which the collation work was based and said, "Whenever collating, we must look up rare books and prove them by other books, that is, even if we have backward friends, we should choose good ones and follow them." This shows that his principle of judging the authenticity of historical materials is
A. convince people by reasoning. B.don't believe it without a license. C. analyze the article in detail. D. Isolated evidence does not hold water
2. The following cultural relics play the most important role in the inheritance and development of human culture.
A B C D
3. Confucius said: "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you"; Cicero said: "If we keep the harmony between people, then human beings can live like gods." This reflects the pursuit of * * * by ancient eastern and western thinkers.
A. Establish harmonious interpersonal relationship B. Create a beautiful social environment
C. Establishing good international relations D. Pursuing noble personality cultivation
4. The time when this situation appears in the picture should be.
A. At the beginning of the 2nd century BC
B. At the end of the 2nd century BC
C. Early 3rd century BC
D. At the end of the 3rd century BC
5. The Complete Book of Roman Civil Law stipulates: "A father's crime cannot defile his son's reputation, because each party's fate depends on his own behavior, and neither party can be designated as the heir of the other party's criminal behavior." The specific principles of Roman law embodied in the materials are as follows
A. The principle of protecting the weak B. The principle of equal rights
C. Principle of imputation of behavior D. Principle of attaching importance to evidence
6. "The five generations don't mend fences, and the three generations don't attack each other. Each deals with his own medicine, not the other way around, and it varies from time to time." The school that holds this view is
A. Confucianism B. Taoism C. Legalist D. Mohist
7. Historian Wang Guowei said: "To observe the reason why Zhou ruled the world, we must start with its system." The "system" in this paper includes
① Internal and external servitude system ② enfeoffment system ③ county system ④ ritual system.
A.①② B.②③ C.②④ D.③④
8. In ancient China, there were four kinds of chronology: the official chronology, the succession chronology of the prince, the emperor chronology, and the official chronology. The following methods based on years are
① "The Rule of Cultural Scenery" ② "Promoting Martial Arts" ③ "The Rule of Zhenguan" ④ "The Prosperity of Kaiyuan"
A.①② B.③④ C. ②④ D. ①④
9.12-13 century European universities rose, and law and theology became important courses in universities, and the atmosphere of learning Roman law in schools was once popular. The most fundamental reason for this situation is that
A. the decline of church power
B. the revival of urban economy in western Europe
C. the influence of traditional education in Greek and Roman times
D. Roman law is profound in thought and complete in system.
10. "When the news of the discovery of the new air route spread all over Spain, he became a national hero, and the king and queen of Spain greeted him with the highest etiquette." This hero is
A. Diaz bay da? Gamma c Columbus d Magellan
1 1. Voltaire said: "If only one religion is allowed in Britain, the government is likely to become arbitrary; If there are only two religions, people will cut their throats. " Voltaire's point of view is mainly
A. Teaching according to the country B. Freedom of belief C. Salvation by faith D. Justification by faith
12. The administrative efficiency of the central government in the Tang Dynasty was high, mainly because
A. additional institutions, independent governance B. clear division of labor, mutual coordination
C. multiple officials in one position, mutual containment D. streamlining institutions and unified management.
13. 1776 The American Declaration of Independence declared that "the legitimate rights of any government are born with the consent of the people". The political views reflected in the materials are as follows
A. Sovereignty lies with the people B. Separation of powers C. Parliamentary system D. Freedom and equality
14. 1864 Bao wrote in his diary: "Foreign fabrics are popular recently, and the price is only one third of that of cotton cloth. Our village specializes in textiles. Recently, I heard that there is no yarn to spin, and the market of Songtai cloth has decreased by more than half. Last year, most cotton customers lost money. " The above materials reflect the economic situation of China at that time.
A. The level of cotton textile in Songjiang area has declined. B. The emergence of Chinese national capitalism
C. under the impact of foreign commodities, the natural economy began to collapse.
15. The British scientist who is a great invention based on Faraday's experimental scientific theory is
A B C D
16. The fundamental factor to promote German reunification is
A. contradiction between feudal system and capitalist economy
B. The contradiction between capitalist economic development and the present situation of ethnic division
C. the contradiction between the needs of international market competition and the level of economic development
D. the powerful driving force of bourgeois revolution and industrial revolution in Britain and France
17. Regarding the essence of the Versailles-Washington system, the correct statement is
A. Anglo-American anti-German organizations B. Imperialist groups under Anglo-American control
C. Anti-Soviet institutions in imperialist countries D. The new system of imperialist repartition of the world
18. A history extracurricular research group in a middle school is carrying out research activities. Please judge their research topic from the materials they have compiled (see photo)
A. Foreign relations in the early Qing Dynasty
B. An outstanding monarch-Emperor Kangxi
C. kanggan shengshi
D. Consolidating a unified multi-ethnic country
19. 19 At the end of the year, the reasons for promoting the rapid economic development of the United States, Germany and Japan were the same.
A. the domestic market is vast. B. Large amounts of war reparations
C. Adoption of new technologies and equipment D. Government intervention in the economy
20. Marx said: "The American Civil War broke out because the two systems could no longer coexist peacefully on the North American continent." The contradiction between these two systems mainly refers to
A. The contradiction between tariff increase and tariff reduction B. The contradiction between North American colonies and British suzerain
C. the contradiction between the capitalist system in the north and slavery in the south D. the preservation or abolition of black slavery
2 1. The reason for directly stimulating the reform of Tsar Alexander II is that,
A. capitalist economic development is extremely difficult B. serfs are firmly bound to the land
C. the defeat of Crimea made the economy worse. Peasant movements rose one after another.
22. The following is in line with Lenin's statement that "the imperialist war has also awakened the East, and people of all ethnic groups in the East have been involved in international political life." Typical events are
A. Xinhai Revolution B. Boxer Movement C. New Culture Movement D. May 4th Movement
231787 the principles embodied in the American constitution formulated by the United States come from
A. Voltaire Rousseau Locke Montesquieu
24. After the First World War, the political map of the European continent was greatly changed.
A. Treaty of Versailles B. Five naval agreements
C. Paris Peace Treaty D. Nine-nation Convention
25. At the end of19, a diplomatic document of western countries mentioned that "China's current tariffs are applicable to all ports within the so-called sphere of influence, regardless of country." Its main influence on China is
A promoted the British invasion of China. B stimulated the great powers to carve up China.
C. It caused the great powers to kill China together. It makes the United States in China the largest power in the world.
26./kloc-In the middle of the 9th century, many changes have taken place in British society. The chart below directly shows that
A. Changes in lifestyle B. Changes in ideas
C. Changes in social relations D. Changes in industrial structure
27. The bourgeois reformists pointed out that "the three powers are separated, and then the political system is prepared. If you talk about it, the emperor is the head of state, the people follow it, the bugle is the government, and they go in and out of the king's life ... ". Its claim actually requires the establishment of
A. Absolute monarchy B. President and regime
C.d. Parliament and polity
28. The following table reflects the development trend of American steel industry in the late19th century.
Year 1870 1900
Total number of enterprises (unit)
Total number of workers (unit)
Output (ton) 3.20295 million
Investment amount (USD) 12 10000 59000000
A. Fierce competition in the industry B. Concentration of production and capital
C. Enterprises increase and promote investment D. Labor productivity declines.
29. Before and after the Industrial Revolution, the economic means of foreign expansion of capitalist powers changed.
A. From plundering wealth and accumulating capital to seizing raw material producing areas and commodity markets.
B. the combination of naked plunder and economic and military invasion
C. From the establishment of domestic capitalist system to the establishment of world capitalist system
D. the transition from export commodities to export capital
3 points for each of the following questions, *** 12 points. The score of each option may be 0, 1, 1 or 3. Choose the best one, and do not score if you choose more than one.
30. The History of Shang Dynasty is regarded as a "faithful history" by historians because
A. Discovery of Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Ruins B. Multiple proofs of documents, Oracle Bone Inscriptions and archaeological data
C. Unearthing of a large number of bronzes
3 1. Douglas? North's "The Rise of the Western World" said that "monopoly law terminated the privilege of kingship in patent creation, which is more important in history than simply stopping kingship. ..... By 1700, the British institutional framework provided a suitable environment for economic growth ... Now, the stage of the industrial revolution is ready. " This material shows that
A. the industrial revolution promoted the development of productive forces.
B. this law limits the royal power and guarantees the constitutional monarchy.
C. the emergence of monopoly law is beneficial to the British industrial revolution.
D. a good system creates the necessary premise for economic development.
32. The industrial revolution made the East obey the West. The exact meaning of "the East is subordinate to the West" here is
A. the east lags behind the west
B. the east becomes a colony or semi-colony of the west.
C. Eastern countries become raw material producing areas and commodity markets of western countries.
D. Asian countries transform their societies according to the western system.
33. "Westerners support Mr. Desai and Mr. Desai, how many things have been caused and how much blood has been shed. Only then did Mr Desai gradually rescue them from the darkness and lead them to the bright world. We now believe that only these two gentlemen can cure the political, moral, academic and ideological darkness in China. " A more accurate understanding of this paragraph is
A. Only by removing the old one can a new cloth be made.
B Only by getting rid of backward ideas and learning advanced ideas can we really save the country.
Only by introducing advanced ideas can China be saved by arming people's minds.
D. Only democracy and science can save the country.
Second, multiple-choice questions (***80 points)
34. Cultural system
The so-called cultural system refers to a culture with three basic conditions: "distinctive, independent and influential". Based on this premise, world culture can be divided into four systems: China culture system, Indian culture system, Islamic Arabic culture system and Greek culture system. ..... These four cultural circles all have dominant and influential cultures. At the same time, all countries and nationalities in each cultural circle are learning from each other ... The reason why cultural exchanges can promote the progress of both sides is also based on a culture that is both national and contemporary. ..... In short, the dialectical unity of cultural nationality and times promotes the development of human civilization.
-"Ji Xianlin's Spiritual Heritage"
Question: (8 points)
(1) What do you think are the characteristics of the geographical environment of Greece shown in the picture? How did this geographical environment affect the development of ancient Greek civilization? (4 points)
(2) Where is the "dominant and influential culture" in the ancient Greek cultural circle? What kind of "characteristics" does it have? (4 points)
35. Confucian civilization
In fact, he (Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty) and his recent ministers expanded the so-called Confucianism, so that it included all kinds of theoretical and practical steps necessary for centralized bureaucracy. Confucius advocated self-restraint, generosity, humanistic spirit, family unity and politeness. All constitute the norms of bureaucratic group action.
-Huang Renyu's Great History of China
Question: (12)
(1) The political performance of Confucianism is centralization. Why is Confucius' thought conducive to centralization? (4 points)
(2) Since Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, how did his recent ministers extend Confucianism to centralized bureaucracy? (6 points)
(3) How did "the expansion of Confucianism by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and modern officials" affect China's politics? (2 points)
36. Citizen State
Stavri and Anoos said in the General History of the World that "the bourgeoisie in Western Europe shares or obtains all rights in the name of the country, so the country is no longer a king, no longer a king's territory, and no longer a king's subject. More precisely, the country is composed of citizens at this time. "
Question: (10)
(1) 17- 18 How did the British and French bourgeoisie change from a "country of kings" to a "country of citizens"?
(8 points)
(2) What do you think is the substantive significance of this change? (2 points)
37. Crisis and the New Deal
Under the impact of the economic crisis, the United States and the capitalist world are filled with pessimism about western civilization, believing that capitalism has come to an end. The achievements of the New Deal made President Roosevelt's popularity grow day by day. Some people think that "the great willpower of President Roosevelt's personal charm saved the United States."
Question: (12)
(1) What are the characteristics and essence of Roosevelt's New Deal? (4 points)
(2) Do you agree with the view that President Roosevelt's personal charm saved America? Please provide a justification for the answer. (8 points)
Population problem.
The world population exceeds 7 billion this year. With the increase of population, China and other countries have enjoyed the "demographic dividend", that is, sufficient labor force has become an important condition for economic development. However, in history, the shortage of labor force has always been a big problem that puzzles the economic development of western countries. ( 1 1)
Question: (1 1)
(1) What are the characteristics of population growth in history? (2 points)
(2) What are the main historical factors of this feature? (3 points)
(3) How did the following countries solve the labor problem in the process of developing capitalism in the18-19th century? (6 points)
(1) the UK _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; (2) the United States _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; ③ Russia _ _ _ _ _ _.
39. Civilization interaction and social transformation
Material 1: The name "Introduction of Western Learning to the East" became popular in the Chinese version of Hong Rong's English Memoirs by Shanghai Commercial Press in the fourth year of the Republic of China (19 15). But at the end of the Ming Dynasty, "western learning" was already a special judgment, referring to western education, that is, European science and technology except Christianity. In fact, the exchanges between China and Europe can be traced back to the distant classical times in terms of material, and appeared in the Sui and Tang Dynasties at the latest in terms of spirit. ..... world civilization has always been interactive. There are both western learning and western learning. "
-Zhu Weizheng reread modern history.
Material 2: "China people were greatly stimulated by three disastrous wars because of complacency and closed door: the first time was 1839- 1842 with Britain, the second time was 1856- 1858 with Britain and France, and the third time was/kloc-. The humiliating defeat of these wars forced the people of China to open their doors, put an end to their condescending attitude towards the West and re-evaluate their traditional civilization. As a result, the chain reaction of invasion and anti-invasion has produced a new China, which has had an impact that has shocked the Far East and the world so far. "
-Stavri Anoos's Global History
Question: (27 points)
(1) illustrate the influence of China's ancient culture on Europe with a concrete example of "learning from the East to the West". (3 points)
(2) Answer the concrete manifestation of "Western learning spreading to the east" in the late Ming Dynasty with materials. (3 points)
(3) Stimulated by these three disastrous wars, "Western learning" was introduced into China. (6 points)
(4) According to the above materials and knowledge, talk about the influence of "Western learning spreading to the east" on the social transformation in modern China. (15)
History test paper
Reference answer
First, multiple choice questions
The title is123455678 91110213.
Answer d b a d c c c b b b b b b b a b b a.
Title:141516171819 202122 23 24 25 26.
Answer c b b d c c c c c c c d c c d c d c d c d c d c d c d c d
Title 27 28 29 30 3 1 32 33
Answer c b a b d c d
(Note: 30-33 is entitled 3 points for each small question. The score of each option may be 0, 1, 3. Choose the best, multiple choices do not score; 30 Choose B to give 3 points, A to 1, C and D to give 0 points; For 3 1, choose D to give 3 points, choose C to give 1 minute, and choose A and B to give 0 points; 32 choose c to give 3 points, choose b to 1 sort, and AD to give 0 points; 33 Choose D as 3 points, C as 1 sort, and AB as 0 points)
Second, non-multiple choice questions:
34.(8 points)
(1) Features: numerous islands and winding coastline (2 points) Impact: it is beneficial to commercial trade and maritime colonization; (1) has a certain influence on the emergence of Athenian city-state politics and multiculturalism. ( 1)
(2) Athens (2 points); It is famous for its democratic politics. (2 points)
35, (12 points)
(1) Confucius takes "benevolence" as the highest moral criterion, which is conducive to the establishment of harmonious interpersonal relationships (2 points) Using "courtesy" to regulate people's words and deeds is conducive to the stability of social order. (2 points)
(2) Dong Zhongshu in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty put forward the theory of "harmony between man and nature", (1) politically believed that kings were ordered by heaven, and advocated "divine right of kings" (1) ethically emphasized "three cardinal guides and five permanents", (1) complied with the need of strengthening centralization of power by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and put forward "great unity". ( 1)
(3) Since the Han Dynasty, Confucianism has gradually become the ruling ideology of the feudal dynasty. (2 points)
36, (10)
(1) The British and French bourgeoisie overthrew their feudal autocratic rule through armed struggle or bottom-up revolutionary means, and also cleared the way for the development of capitalism. (2 points) During or after the revolution, citizens' democratic rights should be guaranteed by law to consolidate the revolutionary achievements. (2 points) For example, the British Parliament promulgated the Bill of Rights to restrict kingship, which guaranteed the supreme power of the Parliament and laid the foundation for the British constitutional monarchy; (2 points) The French Revolution published the "Declaration of Human Rights" and the "Napoleonic Code", which provided legal protection for limiting the absolute monarchy and safeguarding citizens' democratic rights. (2 points)
(2) Replace autocracy with democracy (1) and rule of law with rule of man (1).
37.( 12 points)
(1) Features: large-scale state intervention in the economy; (2 points)
Essence: to some extent, adjust the capitalist relations of production. (2 points)
(2) disagree. (1) First of all, the implementation of the New Deal mainly depends on the strong economic strength of the United States. For example, the government funded the establishment of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to provide credit guarantee for small deposits; Measures such as working for the poor and establishing the old-age insurance system all depend on the financial support of the government; (2 points) Secondly, Keynesianism, which advocates state intervention in the economy, also provides a theoretical basis for the New Deal; (2 points) In addition to economic adjustment, the measures of the New Deal also strengthened social security and implemented unemployment relief, which played a role in easing class contradictions and resolving crises to a certain extent. (1) Coupled with Roosevelt President fireside chats's calm attitude and firm belief in implementing the New Deal, the confidence of Chinese people in overcoming the crisis has been enhanced. (1) It can be seen that the above views unilaterally exaggerate the role of individuals in history. It should be noted that the effectiveness of the New Deal is the result of the comprehensive action of many factors. ( 1)
(Candidates who answer other reasonable reasons can also get extra points, but the maximum score shall not exceed 6 points. )
38.( 1 1)
(1) From 8000 BC to 1770 BC, the population growth was steady and slow; (1 min) 1770 has grown rapidly since then. ( 1)
(2) The main reason for the slowness is the steady economic development and slow population development after the agricultural revolution (1). After 1770, especially the industrial revolution promoted the rapid development of economy, and urbanization promoted the rapid growth of population. (2 points)
(3) British enclosure movement; The United States abolished black slavery through the civil war; Russia abolished serfdom. Solve the labor problem (2 points for each country, ***6 points)
39.(27 points)
(1) For example, after the opening of the Silk Road in the Western Han Dynasty, China's silk and papermaking technologies were introduced to Europe; (1) The Mongolian Western Expedition spread China's three great inventions (gunpowder, printing and compass) to Europe and promoted the development of European capitalism. (1) China's Confucianism was also introduced into Europe through missionaries, which had a certain influence on the development of European civilization. ( 1)
(2) In the late Ming Dynasty, due to the opening of new sea routes, western missionaries brought advanced western science and technology to China (1). Matteo Ricci and Xu Guangqi collaborated in translating The Elements of Geometry. (2 points)
(3) After the First Opium War, with more and more people coming to West China and strengthening the attack of ship guns, Lin Zexu and Wei Yuan put forward the idea of "learning from foreigners to control foreigners". (2 points) After the Second Opium War, the Westernization School, which studied western science and technology, put forward the slogan of "Chinese style and western use". (2 points) After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, the evolution theory of western learning was introduced into China through Yan Fu's translation of The Theory of Evolution. The viewpoint of "natural selection, survival of the fittest" has sounded the alarm for China, which is facing the deepening national crisis. Western ideas have been widely spread through the activities of reformists. (2 points)
(3)( 15) The essay adopts the solo scoring method.
The first level, pre-structure: there is no understanding of the question, and the answer is irrelevant or synonymous with the question.
The second level, single-point structure: find a clue or material and draw a conclusion. (3-5 points)
The third level, multi-point structure: using multiple clues or materials to explain in a single dimension. Such as materials and historical facts: use more materials; Use less materials. Such as perspective: extract a perspective, such as the spread of western learning to the east has brought progress to China and promoted the transformation to modernization. Clear views; The point of view is not clear. Such as narrative: the narrative is complete and smooth; (5-8 points)
The fourth level, correlation structure: can establish a connection between multiple clues or materials and explain them. Such as materials and historical facts: make full use of them; Make full use of it. Such as perspective: analyze from more than two angles.
On the one hand, the introduction of western learning, accompanied by brutal aggression and the signing of a series of unequal treaties, not only cruelly trampled on China's sovereignty, threatened national independence, but also brought destruction and disaster to the local economy and people. The conflict between western culture and China traditional culture is serious. The occurrence of the Boxer Rebellion illustrates this point. The construction of western missionaries and churches also facilitated the invasion of western ideology and culture.
On the other hand, the spread of western learning to the east is objectively beneficial to the spread of advanced western technology, ideas and culture, and promotes the transformation of China society to modern society. For example, the Westernization Movement, which learned technology from the West, took the first step of China's modernization in industry, education and military affairs, and stimulated the development of modern national industries in China. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, with the spread of western reform thought and evolution theory. Through the propaganda of Shen Bao and Wu Shi Bao, the Reform and Reform and Eight-Nation Alliance's idea of "democracy * * * harmony" after the invasion of China pushed the Revolution of 1911 to overthrow the monarchy and took a key step towards political democratization. The New Culture Movement and the May 4th Movement under the western slogans of "democracy" and "science" profoundly criticized the old feudal ideas and prepared the conditions for the establishment of China's * * * production party. Clear views; The point of view is clear. Such as discussion: full discussion; Insufficient discussion. Such as narrative: narrative forms the structure; The narrative is coherent and smooth. (8- 12)
The fifth level, abstract extended structure: it can expand the meaning of the material itself and carry out more abstract refining and generalization. Such as materials and historical facts: make full use of them; Make full use of it. Such as perspective: such as the concept of "civilization" and its definition and definition right; The concepts of civilization, civilization and barbarism, the dichotomy of civilization (West)/barbarism (Qing Dynasty); From the perspective of "civilization view", the west uses the power of rhetoric to seek the direction of rationality and legitimacy for itself. Such as discussion: full discussion; It has been fully discussed. Such as narrative: the narrative is complete and smooth to form a structure. ( 12— 15)