Why do you often choose Escherichia coli as the host strain of genetic engineering? ?

First of all, Escherichia coli is a common strain. People have a deep understanding of its cell morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and it is easier to master the specific techniques of medium preparation and vector introduction.

Secondly, bacterial plasmids (small circular DNA molecules free in the cytoplasm of microorganisms such as bacteria) are commonly used vectors (tools for combining with target genes) in genetic engineering, among which Escherichia coli plasmids are the most commonly used plasmids, because Escherichia coli plasmids contain easily detectable marker genes such as penicillin resistance genes, and the target genes are easy to replicate and express in host cells. Of course, the most suitable place for Escherichia coli plasmid to accomplish its mission is its natural source-Escherichia coli.

Thirdly, Escherichia coli is a typical facultative anaerobic bacteria. Because of its small size and large ratio of surface area to volume, oxygen can be used for thorough biological oxidation to release a lot of energy, and it can quickly exchange substances and energy with the outside world and quickly transform in the body. Therefore, the metabolism of Escherichia coli is extremely rapid, just like an efficient chemical plant. Compared with real chemical plants, the required reaction conditions are mild and easy to realize, and its economic benefits are obvious.

Based on the above considerations, it is not surprising that Escherichia coli is usually chosen as the host strain of genetic engineering. 1, why E.coli is often chosen as the host strain for genetic engineering?

What advantages does it have over other bacteria?