Lecture notes on research-based learning in physics

I will report on this topic from three aspects: the problem, the research process and the main results, in which the purpose, content, steps and some methods used in the research process are explained. Finally, it expounds the harvest and thinking of the research. First, the proposition of the topic (omitted) At the beginning of the curriculum reform, with the start of the new curriculum and the application of new textbooks, a large number of problems kept pouring out. In July, 2003, in the second year of applying new textbooks in Dalian, Xigang District undertook the project of "Research on the Implementation of New Physics Curriculum in Junior Middle School". Experimental research is of great significance to promote the implementation of the new curriculum. Second, the research process (a) to determine the purpose of the study according to the unified requirements of the new curriculum experiment to determine the theoretical purpose:

1, exploring the adaptability of curriculum standards and experimental teaching materials; 2. Explore the physics teaching methods and evaluation system adapted to the new curriculum; 3. Develop curriculum resources suitable for the new curriculum; 4. Explore ways of teacher training to adapt to the new curriculum. Through the experiment, the practical purpose is achieved: 1, which will obviously change students' learning style and greatly improve their academic performance. 2. Improve the professional quality of teachers. (II) Research Steps The first stage (July 2003-August 2004) is to make a research plan-determine the research details-summarize and communicate in stages-adjust the research details. The second stage (August 2004-September 2005) focused on the key research-collecting and sorting out process data-refining research results. The third stage (September 2005-present) focuses on the classroom. 2. Explore the teacher training methods that adapt to the new curriculum and the middle school physics teaching methods that adapt to the new curriculum concept. 3. Develop curriculum resources adapted to the new curriculum. Form text course resources, multimedia course resources and laboratory resources. Fourth, the first stage of the research process: the start-up stage, the establishment of a project leading group, the determination of experimental teachers, the development of experimental programs. The experimental teachers were studied and trained in relevant theories. Including the study of educational science theory, curriculum reform outline, junior high school physics curriculum standards and other related contents. Organize teachers' discussion. Please ask the teachers who have used the new textbook for one year to talk about their experiences and put forward the puzzles and problems that need to be solved in teaching practice. Teachers realize the close relationship between discipline and curriculum reform and successfully enter the role of experimental research. We accepted the questions and on-site guidance from the expert group and improved the experimental scheme. The second stage: in the implementation research stage, the training of experimental teachers adopts the mode of centralized training-autonomous learning-group discussion-individual guidance to guide teachers into the experimental track. (1) Do a solid job in the research of junior high school physics curriculum standards, experimental textbooks and students' suitability. Comparing the curriculum standard with the syllabus, we find that there are two differences between the curriculum standard and the syllabus: process and method, emotional attitude and values. Combined with the teaching suggestions in the curriculum standards, this paper focuses on the in-depth study of these two parts, and finds that attaching importance to process methods and emotional attitudes and values is the highlight of the new curriculum. Analyze and understand Curriculum Standard sentence by sentence according to Interpretation of Curriculum Standard. The experimental teacher records the students' reactions from the determination of teaching objectives and teaching contents to the selection of teaching methods and teaching implementation, and compares the curriculum standards with the teaching materials to verify their appropriateness. We used more than 30 physics teachers in the whole region to carefully review the textbooks from paragraphs, illustrations, columns and other aspects, conduct surveys and statistics, point out the problems in the textbooks, and finally summarize the previous edition of the textbooks and write an evaluation report. Give all the materials of investigation and statistics to the relevant departments, and communicate directly with Professor Liao Boqin, the editor-in-chief of teaching materials and a member of the curriculum standards group, at the national seminar on new curriculum standards. (2) Explore middle school physics teaching methods and teacher training methods that adapt to the new curriculum concept (1) and design an operable "question-based" teaching method, that is, "students ask questions before class, teachers ask questions during class and students ask questions after class", and change the teaching method from learning to asking questions. This is a summary of the problems existing in the study of grade five students, and it is also Dong's reflection on the problems of grade twenty-six students in the educational story exhibition. (2) Develop colorful student activities to make teaching move from in-class to out-of-class. These are posters and photos of the electronic circuit competition in No.34 Middle School. (3) Develop colorful student activities and walk from school to factory. Since the implementation of the new curriculum, scientific inquiry, as a learning method and teaching content, has been highly valued. However, in the limited time in the classroom, it is impossible to complete all the inquiry activities in the teaching materials, and many inquiry activities extend to extracurricular activities. This is a bold attempt made by Teacher Jiang Hua on board. Go out of the classroom, go out of school, visit factories, and do social practice activities, so that students can connect what they have seen and heard with what they have learned and apply it to solving practical problems, thus extending and expanding the ways of obtaining knowledge from the classroom in the past. (4) Change the monotonous content and single form of teacher training. With teachers as the main body and teaching problems as the influence, teachers' enthusiasm and initiative in teaching and research activities should be enhanced. Regularly collect the problems encountered by teachers and students in the teaching process, enhance their awareness of problems, and promote teachers' active learning. By changing the teaching and research methods of experimental operation, it also plays a guiding role in teachers' teaching. In addition, through activities such as teachers' teaching debate contest, teaching design contest, teachers' zipper class, teachers' teaching behavior analysis, telling their own educational and teaching stories, and open classes for key teachers, we will build a stage for teachers to display and let them improve together through exchanges and cooperation through independence and exploration. Let teachers understand that communication and cooperation is an effective learning method, so as to consciously apply autonomous, cooperative and inquiry learning methods to daily teaching. (3) Explore ways to develop curriculum resources that are compatible with the new curriculum. Teachers and students are important curriculum resources, people's subjective initiative is huge, and the development of material resources needs people to complete. Therefore, we should start with the development of human resources. With a group of powerful human resources, they can consciously develop material resources. Teachers make full use of daily appliances to enrich laboratory resources, creatively use teaching materials, actively collect problems in teaching, and participate in the development of curriculum resources such as words, audio and video. Extend physics courses, go out of classrooms and schools, and look for richer curriculum resources. The third stage: refining and summarizing stage. We left a lot of valuable information in the process of curriculum reform. Such as relevant statistical data, teachers' papers, teaching plans, student activity cases, photos, videos, CDs, etc. Do a good job in the selection and compilation of albums and refine the research results. V. Main research results 1. Curriculum Standards and Suggestions for the Revision of Experimental Textbooks The research results of the textbooks are summarized by the project host, Zhang Jin, a middle school affiliated to the College of Education, writes the teaching material analysis Report on Physics for Teachers' Edition, and the middle school physics publishes the Experience of Using Physics Textbooks for Shanghai Teachers' Edition. 2. Explore changing teaching methods, and carry out colorful teacher activities: teaching debates, demonstration experiments, zipper classes for teachers, analysis of teachers' teaching behaviors, telling their own educational and teaching stories, and starting classes for key teachers. Carry out a variety of student activities: extracurricular activities, competitions, visits and research-based learning demonstrations. The change of teaching and research activities has promoted the change of teaching activities. Through the teaching and research activity mode of "activity display-finding problems-analyzing problems-reflection summary-solving problems", the change of teaching methods is subtly influenced, and the change of teaching methods is put into tangible operation in teaching requirements. 3. Develop curriculum resources suitable for the new curriculum. Develop text resources. Teachers in our district have compiled 18 volumes of navigation, top students' new classroom, inquiry report and innovative design, and each volume has been adapted for 2-3 times. These teaching AIDS have played a considerable auxiliary role in curriculum reform. The development of the question bank for teachers and students uses daily necessities to supplement laboratory resources, develops media resources to record aerial classes and famous teachers' classes, and establishes an electronic communication platform (on which teachers communicate). 4. Cultivate students' innovative consciousness and practical ability, promote their all-round development and improve the quality of physics teaching. The research study report of students in No.34 Middle School once a semester shows that the automatic infusion alarm has applied for a national patent, and it is surprising that girls dare to do short-circuit experiments. In the experimental school 34, the extracurricular activities of physics are combined with the classroom teaching of physics, and the research-based learning activities are integrated into the physics teaching, so as to promote students to get out of school, get in touch with society and understand society. In the investigation and study, students independently make plans, design questionnaires, collect and process data. The school is organized and guided by physics teachers to carry out research-based learning, and insists on giving a lecture on students' research-based learning every semester. In this process, students not only broaden their horizons, but also learn knowledge that textbooks can't learn in class, and also stimulate their concern and pursuit of the application of physical knowledge in life and production, and cultivate their innovative consciousness and practical ability. Research-based learning activities stimulate students' interest in learning and arouse their initiative in learning and the flexibility and openness of thinking. The continuous improvement of students' comprehensive quality has promoted their all-round development. (Attached: CD for students' research study) 5. It has trained a team of teachers, promoted the renewal of teachers' teaching concepts and improved the ability of education, teaching and scientific research. In the research process of exhibition activities and learning exchange, teachers re-examine the teaching objectives and values of education and teaching, and make progress in updating teaching concepts and the relationship between teachers and students. In the practice of teaching reform, we personally feel that students have a strong thirst for knowledge and great potential, and deeply feel the urgency of updating teaching concepts. In the process of physics teaching, the problems found by students are often unexpected by teachers, which naturally forces teachers to keep learning and thinking. Through the practice of curriculum reform, a number of backbone teachers have emerged in our district, such as Chen Yan, Wang Xun and Li Li. Be able to independently organize district-level teaching and research activities and undertake the task of teaching materials counseling in municipal-level teaching and research activities. Since the implementation of the new curriculum, the number of people participating in the compilation of supplementary teaching materials in our district has reached 19. By compiling supplementary teaching materials, the leading and radiating functions of existing backbone teachers have been brought into play, and a number of new young backbones have been trained. At present, there are two teachers with the qualification of editor-in-chief of teaching materials. There are more and more teachers who make their own propositions, and the overall quality of physics teachers in our district is improving. The number and quality of young teachers participating in provincial and municipal teaching competitions are constantly improving. Teachers in our district participated in the provincial innovative design contest and the provincial and municipal young teachers' evaluation contest. Among them, 7 people won the provincial first-class excellent class, 2 people won the provincial second-class excellent class, 3 people won the municipal first-class excellent class and 2 people won the municipal second-class excellent class. Teachers wrote 19 provincial exchange papers, 9 municipal exchange papers and 4 published in regular journals. There are many links in the list of teachers and district-level teaching seminars. ) Chen Yan, a teacher in our district, once exchanged experiences on "going into scientific inquiry" on behalf of front-line teachers in Dalian at the "National Seminar on New Curriculum Standards". Won the unanimous praise of the participating experts and teachers. In May 2004, the Chinese Physics Group introduced the experience of implementing curriculum reform and taking the road of school-based teaching and research on behalf of Dalian, which was affirmed by experts and warmly welcomed by the teaching and research staff attending the meeting. Teacher Li Ling gave training to Liaoning teaching and research staff. 6. Create a network communication platform and open up new ways for teachers to learn. With the continuous implementation of the new curriculum, teachers' desire for learning is increasing, teaching problems need to be discussed in time, and teaching experience is eager to communicate in time. We communicate in an interactive way through regional teaching and research activities and school-based teaching and research, which is limited by time. Therefore, we will develop the mode of communication to the network, and display and communicate through public mailboxes, Xigang Education Network and other platforms. The range of communication is relatively narrow, and there are also passive components. In 2007, our research group opened two online communication platforms: Xigang Physics QQ Group and "Physics Teachers' Space" Teachers' Blog Circle. Teachers published their teaching opinions online, and the host published teaching research and teaching guidance articles online. The content of communication is more, the scope of communication is wider, the enthusiasm of teachers' participation is further improved, and new ways of teacher training are opened up. A group of new backbone teachers set up personal blogs and published their own articles in the blogs to speed up the transmission and exchange of information. Enriched the curriculum resources. 6. Take the special review of physics inquiry as an example to design and implement the effective classroom teaching behavior of special review. In May, 2007, Gao Lin of No.5 Middle School showed a special review class of "Analysis and Demonstration of Scientific Inquiry" in the city's physics teaching and research activities according to the design idea of review class teaching behavior designed by the research group. Brand-new design concept, clear design ideas, appropriate methods and feasible operation have won unanimous praise from the participants. After class, Gao Lin emphasized the advantages of effective special review of classroom teaching behavior. In the mock exam of the senior high school entrance examination that year, the scoring rate of scientific research analysis and demonstration questions in grade five was significantly higher than that in other schools (the average score of subjects was located downstream, while the scoring rate of some analysis and demonstration questions was located upstream, second only to the first place). The special design course of scientific inquiry review in Xigang District will be reported and displayed on the oasis action table held by the Municipal Education Institute. Effective review teaching behavior design has been further promoted. 6. Confusion 1. The whole research is conducted under the guidance of experts, and we think it is still very successful. The research is thorough and a lot has been done in teaching reform. However, the change of teachers' concept is a long-term process, and there are still some dead ends, such as insufficient pressure on teachers, different abilities and qualities of teachers, and different levels of understanding, which lead to uneven development of teachers. As researchers, there is nothing we can do. 2. Evaluation reform is the catalyst for the implementation of the new curriculum. At present, we have increased the investigation of scientific inquiry ability in the written examination of physics subjects in our city. We only did some research in the inquiry review class of physics, designed the teaching behavior design of inquiry review class and put it into practice. This alone can show the advantages of inquiry teaching in experimental schools. We also try to study the evaluation of students' inquiry ability, but due to the limitation of the senior high school entrance examination, our research on evaluation has not been in-depth and needs to be explored. The expert asserted that he had done research. Expert question: 1. There is a survey on the change of learning style in the report. Have you analyzed what caused the change of learning style? 2. What are the outstanding points in your research?