Academic misconduct refers to violations in academic research, teaching, publishing, etc. There are many kinds, which can be divided into different types according to different classification methods. Below I will classify and explain the types of academic misconduct from several different angles.
Academic censorship
1. Infringement of intellectual property rights. Infringement of intellectual property rights refers to the unauthorized use of other people's intellectual property rights in academic research, teaching and publishing, including but not limited to plagiarism, plagiarism and patent infringement. Plagiarism refers to the use of other people's words, opinions and data in their own research results without modification, while plagiarism refers to the unauthorized use of other people's experimental data, research results and papers. These acts are serious academic misconduct, which not only damages the rights and interests of the original author, but also undermines the fairness and credibility of academic research. Second, data fraud. Data falsification refers to the processing, tampering or forgery of data in academic research to achieve the expected results, so as to overthrow or prove a hypothesis or theory. Data fraud not only damages the fairness and credibility of academic research, but also affects academic development and technological progress in related fields. Third, violation of academic integrity. Violation of academic integrity refers to violation of academic norms and moral standards in academic research, teaching, publishing, etc., including but not limited to false statements, improper signatures, blind pursuit of results, etc. False statement refers to the false description or exaggeration of the existing research results in the paper. Improper signature refers to improperly listing others as the author or listing one's own name as the first author in a paper. Blind pursuit of results refers to ignoring the accuracy of experimental data or the authenticity of papers in order to pursue scientific research results in academic research. Fourth, plagiarize other people's research results. Plagiarism refers to the unauthorized use of other people's research results in academic research, including but not limited to charts, experimental results, opinions, etc. This behavior not only infringes on the intellectual property rights of the original author, but also leads to duplication and inefficiency of academic research.
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in short, there are many kinds of academic misconduct, each with different hazards and influences. We should strictly abide by academic norms and moral standards, maintain academic integrity, and safeguard the fairness and credibility of academic research.