Japan’s aerospace industry is under the centralized leadership of the Prime Minister, and the Prime Minister’s aerospace advisory body is the Space Development Council. Basic introduction Chinese name: Japan Aerospace Consulting organization: Space Development Committee Significance: Develop aviation industry Impact: Promote the development of science and technology Text, text Japan was a country with developed aviation during World War II and had produced "Zero" fighter jets. At its peak, the number of employees in the aviation industry reached 1 million, with an annual output of 28,000 aircraft. Since the 1950s, the aviation industry has been restored. First, it repaired aircraft, then introduced patented imitation aircraft, and then began to design and manufacture its own aircraft. Japan began to develop rocket and aerospace technology in the mid-1950s. It successively developed three series of solid sounding rockets: "Pencil", "Kappa" and "Lambda" and conducted many test launches. Then it began to develop launch vehicles and artificial earth satellites.
Japanese aircraft and aero-engine manufacturing companies mainly include Mitsubishi, Fuji, Shinmeiwa, Ishikawashima Harima and Japan Aircraft Corporation, which are engaged in the research, design, manufacturing and repair of aircraft and engines. There are also 17 auxiliary aircraft development companies and hundreds of collaborative companies responsible for the development of aircraft subsystems. In 1982, there were approximately 26,000 aviation employees, and the total output value of the aviation industry was approximately 300 billion yen. The Aerospace Technology Research Institute of the Science and Technology Agency and the Third Research Institute of the Defense Agency's Technical Headquarters are Japan's major aerospace technology research institutions, mainly engaged in application research and pre-development. There are 10 Japanese colleges and universities with aviation majors, which focus on basic aviation research in addition to teaching.
Since the mid-1950s, Japan has successively copied F-86, F-104, and F-15 fighter jets, P-2 and P-3 patrol anti-submarine aircraft, UH-1, OH-6, and S-61 Helicopters and self-developed military aircraft include intermediate trainer T-1, advanced trainer-attack aircraft T-2/F-1, water patrol anti-submarine aircraft PS-1 and tactical transport aircraft C-1, etc., all of which are put into small batch production. Japan has also made certain progress in the development of small civilian aircraft. General aircraft MU-2, MU-300, FA-200 and regional transport aircraft YS-11 have been sold to European and American countries. Since the 1970s, Japan has jointly developed the medium-to-long-range passenger aircraft Boeing 767 with the American Boeing Company, the BJ-500 civil aviation engine with the British Rolls-Royce Company, and the multi-purpose helicopter BK-117 with the Federal Republic of Germany. wait. In 1983, the Japanese armed forces were equipped with about 1,500 aircraft, including about 340 fighter jets, the main models being F-104J, F-4EJ, and F-15J; and about 100 anti-submarine patrol aircraft, the main models being P-2J, P-3C , PS-1 (Figure 1). Japan's air transport industry is relatively developed, with 6 air transport companies. Nearly 100 of the approximately 300 civil aviation fleet are wide-body passenger aircraft such as the Boeing 747. Japan's aerospace industry is under the centralized leadership of the Prime Minister, and the Prime Minister's aerospace advisory body is the Space Development Committee. Space development work is divided between the Space Development Corporation of the Agency for Science and Technology and the Japan Institute of Space Science of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. The development of technical equipment is mainly undertaken by more than 60 large companies and manufacturers. The Space Development Agency was established in 1969 and is the main organization for the development of liquid launch vehicles and satellites. It is also responsible for organizing the construction and use of launch facilities and satellite tracking equipment. Tsukuba Space Center is its important research and test base, equipped with various test facilities such as large-scale space environment simulators and rocket flight simulation devices. The Space Development Agency's launch site is on Tanegashima in southern Japan. The Japan Institute of Space Science was established in 1981, formerly the Institute of Aerospace Science of the University of Tokyo. Its main mission is to conduct space scientific research using balloons, sounding rockets, artificial satellites and other means, and to develop solid launch vehicles and scientific satellites. The main affiliated research institutions include Kagoshima Space Center (rocket launch site), Noshiro Test Center (engine test station), Mitsubishi Balloon Observatory and Space Data Processing Center. Japan began to develop the "Mu" series of solid launch vehicles in 1963, with four generations in total. The "Miu" rocket (Figure 2) is launched at an angle. In 1970, the Space Development Agency decided to introduce the American "Delta" launch vehicle technology to develop the country's N launch vehicle. On September 9, 1975, Japan successfully launched the "Chrysanthemum" 1 technology test satellite using the N-1 rocket for the first time.
In February 1977, Japan sent the "Chrysanthemum" 2 satellite into the geostationary satellite orbit, making Japan the third country in the world to launch geostationary satellites after the United States and the Soviet Union. In August 1981, the weather satellite "Sunflower" 2 was launched into geostationary orbit using an N-2 rocket. By the end of 1984, Japan had successfully launched 30 satellites. The satellites were divided into: ① Scientific satellites: 9 satellites. Among them, the "Aurora" satellite launched on February 4, 1978 was the first to use ultraviolet light to photograph auroras. ; ② Technical test satellites: ***11; ③ Application satellites: ***10, including 3 "Sunflower" meteorological satellites, 5 "Sakura" series communication satellites and 2 broadcast satellites, including "Lily" The "Hua" 2 broadcast satellite was launched into geostationary orbit using an N-2 rocket in January 1984. It was used for live broadcast testing, but later suffered technical failures. Not delivered for official use. (see color picture)