SP operators are vendors that provide SP services.
2.5G mobile communication technology is a connection technology from 2G to 3G. Because 3G is a huge project, involving many and complicated layers, it is impossible to connect from the current 2G to 3G at once, so there is a 2.5G between 2G and 3G. Technologies such as HSCSD, WAP, EDGE, Bluetooth and EPOC are all 2.5G technologies.
Operators and sp manufacturers come first. Operators refer to China Mobile, China Unicom and China Telecom.
Second, SP is a service provider between operators and mobile phone users.
Mobile games, ringtones, joke messages or WAp mobile Internet services produced by SP appear in front of mobile phone users through channels opened to SP by operators.
This is basically the relationship. If you want to know more, you can only be clearer if you enter the business. .
What is an operator? An operator is a company that provides a specific service through technical means, which is generally not reflected in the physical object. The traditional definition of "operator" is that an operator has complete physical network knowledge at all levels and complete human and financial resources for brand, business design, implementation and marketing.
For example, Motorola's mobile phones are called manufacturers.
Those who provide communication services, such as Unicom Mobile, are called operators.
Operators are companies that provide specific services through technical means, usually without tangible things. In the traditional sense, the definition of "operator" is: an operator who fully grasps the physical network at all levels and has complete human and financial resources such as brand, business design, implementation and marketing.
Among them, the four major domestic operators are: China Mobile, China Unicom, China Telecom and China Radio and Television.
1. China Telecom and China Telecom Co., Ltd. are large state-owned telecom enterprises established according to the national telecom system reform plan. It was established in May 2002. China Telecom was originally divided into north and south, and China Telecom has 2/kloc-0 provincial telecom companies, accounting for 70% of the long-distance transmission assets of the national telecom network, allowing the northern region 10 provinces to build local networks and local telephone services with fixed services.
2. China Mobile China Mobile Communications Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "China Mobile") is an important state-owned backbone enterprise spun off on April 20, 2000 according to the deployment and requirements of the national telecommunications system reform, and is directly managed by the central government.
3. China Unicom and China United Communications Co., Ltd. were established in July 1994. China Unicom has introduced competition in the establishment of domestic basic telecommunications services, and the reform and development of China's telecommunications industry has played a positive role in promoting China Unicom.
4. China Radio and Television Co., Ltd. was formally incorporated in China Radio and Television Network Co., Ltd., one of the main bodies of China National Cable Network Company, on April 7, 2065438. The company is a limited liability company with a registered capital of 4.5 billion yuan. Participating in the competition of the main players in China cable network triple play market is beneficial to the long-term development of the industry.
What is the so-called virtual operator in virtual operator? Refers to the partners who form cooperative relations with the three major telecom operators in business. Operators hand over their business to virtual operator for their own development in proportion. Virtual operator is equivalent to an agent, contracting a part of the right to use the communication network from operators, and then selling communication services to consumers through self-built billing system, customer service number, marketing and management system.
The "170" segment is the exclusive segment of virtual operator, and the licensed enterprises will be able to rent the network of basic telecom operators and provide users with communication services based on their own brands.
This includes reorganizing SMS, voice, traffic, etc. Turn it into a more flexible package and sell it to users; (Mobile virtual operator can have a corporate patent logo (such as the brand of Mobile virtual operator displayed on the screen of the mobile phone) and sell SIM cards (national universal numbers). At the same time, virtual operator has the power to set the retail price of business; Can develop internal platforms and value-added services, such as voice mail.
The numbers after 170 represent the three major operators. . 0= Telecom. 9= Unicom. 5= Move.
Virtual operator refers to those manufacturers who operate telecom or telecom value-added services without basic network. Virtual operator uses the network facilities or products of basic telecom operators such as China Telecom, China Mobile, China Unicom and China Netcom. Provide users with various telecom value-added services through business agents or distribution.
Virtual operator (VNO) refers to a partner with one or more capabilities (such as technical capabilities, equipment supply capabilities, market capabilities, etc.). ) and form a cooperative relationship with telecom operators in a certain business or several businesses. Telecom operators hand over the service VNO—virtualneorkooperator for development according to a certain proportion of interests, and make their own efforts to do the most important work. At the same time, telecom operators themselves are directly developing users.
On the afternoon of 20 13 Beijing time, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology officially issued the first batch of virtual operator licenses (that is, the first batch of mobile communication resale business operation pilot qualifications), and the first batch of enterprises * * * obtained virtual operator licenses, including Yin Tian Communication, Zhejiang Lianlian Technology, Leyu, JD.COM Hu Axiang Lian Xin, Wei Bei Communication, Wang Wan Zhicheng, Dixintong and Sharing Online Network.
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Is SP operator doing well? The market prospect of SP is promising. Lv Xinjie, a china academy of telecommunication research, expressed the view that "the telecommunications industry is a strong support for the national economic and social transformation and development in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan". Telecommunication industry plays an important role in promoting national economic and social development. First, the telecommunications industry can accelerate the transformation of economic development mode and the upgrading of industrial structure by deepening the integration of industrialization and modernization. Incorporating more information technologies such as automation and digitalization into industrial products can improve the technical content and added value of enterprise products, and then change the situation that China's industrial added value rate is not high and the international competitiveness of industrial products is not strong; Introducing automatic, digital and intelligent devices and facilities into traditional industries can improve the efficiency and level of new product design, processing and manufacturing, reduce energy consumption and improve the efficiency and benefit of traditional industries; Information and communication technology can also promote enterprises to optimize management processes, standardize management procedures, refine management objects, strengthen management efforts, realize effective optimal management and monitoring of business processes, reduce the blindness of decision-making and improve the efficiency and level of enterprise management. Secondly, people's quality of life can be improved by speeding up the informatization in the fields of transportation, ecological environment protection, education, culture, medical care and social security. By constructing intelligent transportation system, the implementation efficiency of transportation system can be improved, and energy consumption and natural pollution can be reduced. By building an intelligent comprehensive travel information service system, we can integrate social resources, provide transportation, meteorology and life services for travelers, reduce traffic congestion, reduce waiting time and enhance travel value. Through information technology, the ecological environment can be monitored and protected in real time, and the activities of environmental management, resource management and environmental protection law enforcement can be refined and efficient, thus effectively improving the living environment of residents and improving the quality of life. Thirdly, by accelerating the construction of a unified e-government network and key government information systems, and developing and utilizing government information resources, we can effectively improve * *' s administrative management ability and administrative efficiency, enhance * * *' s ability to serve people's livelihood in cities, especially in remote rural areas, and further consolidate grassroots political power. Finally, by promoting the construction of rural comprehensive information service system, we can narrow the digital divide and promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas. By integrating information resources and terminal resources in agricultural and pastoral areas, we will build a comprehensive information service system for agriculture, rural areas and farmers, improve the information service network at the county, township and village levels, and effectively solve practical problems such as farmers' information acquisition and release, online education and training, and emergency relief. From the point of view expressed by the above professionals, the SP market prospect is still good!