The tactics of grasping people's emotional psychology, treating each other with affection and convincing others with reason.
The basic way of debate is to reason, emphasizing convincing people with reason, but we must never ignore people with emotion. Good debaters attach great importance to reasoning in the process of debate. Lack of emotional discussion, often can not make people emotional; Only by giving emotion to the discussion can it play the role of encouragement, encouragement and guidance. People are emotional animals, intellectually acceptable, emotionally not necessarily. Therefore, we should not only guide the lost person to deviate from the truth, but also arouse his voice and vibration from the heart, so that he is willing to embark on a new path after distinguishing right from wrong. The reason is convincing, the emotion is touching, and reason and emotion are indispensable in the debate.
Classic example
▲ Xunzi refused to marry.
Qi Jinggong has a daughter who is willing to marry Yan Zi. So Gong Jing personally came to Yan Zi's house to hold a banquet. In a good mood after drinking, Qi Jinggong met Stefanie's wife. The question is: "Is this the husband's wife?" Yan Zi said, "Yes, yes!" Qi Jinggong said, "alas! She is old and ugly. I have a beautiful young daughter. Let her be your wife! " Yan Zi left the table and stood up and said, "My wife is old and ugly now, but I have lived with her for a long time, so I caught up with her when she was young and beautiful. Besides, women always entrust the ugly years in the future to each other when they are healthy and beautiful. I promised my trust to my wife when she was young. Although you want to reward me, can you make me betray the trust she gave me when she was young? " Then I bowed twice and refused. Qi Jinggong was deeply moved by his sincere feelings and never mentioned marrying a woman to him again.
▲ Yan Zi admonishes Gong Jing for light servitude.
Qi Jinggong built a palace called Changkang, but it was not finished and needed to be decorated and beautified. One day, it was raining. Qi Jinggong and Yan Zi went into the house to drink. When I was in a good mood after drinking, Yan Zi couldn't help singing. The lyrics say: "The crops are ripe, but they can't be harvested. When the autumn wind blows, they are scattered in the fields. It is the wind and rain that kills people, but God doesn't want us to live. " After singing, he watched Gong Jing cry and dance with open arms. Qi Jinggong was moved by the veteran who cried, sang and danced for the people. He walked up to Yan Zi and said, "Today, my husband taught me a lesson and made me realize my mistake." So the banquet was cancelled, the labor of the people was lightened, and the construction of the Changlian Palace was ordered to stop.
▲ Shen cry.
King Chu Ping killed Wu Zixu's father and brother, and Wu Zixu vowed to destroy Chu and avenge his father and brother. Later, when Wu Zixu arrived in the State of Wu, he first helped Wu Gongzi seize power and made him He Lv, the king of Wu. Furthermore, He Lv, the king of Wu, was instigated to take advantage of the chaos in Chu's internal affairs to attack Chu and break the capital of Chu. At this time, King Chu Ping was dead, and Zhao Haoqi, the son of King Chu Ping, fled in a hurry. Wu Zixu dug up the body of King Chu Ping and flogged it for three hundred, which was a grievance.
Shen was very angry, so he found a plan to restore Chu. But at this time, Chu's internal strength is already very weak, and it needs to ask neighboring countries for help. Shen advocated asking Qin for help, because Qin Aigong's nephew, Qin would not sit idly by. The king of Zhao and Chu agreed. Seeing Qin Aigong, Shen strongly stated the danger of Chu and the violence of Wu. He said that the State of Wu is like an insatiable "long snake". The destruction of Chu will inevitably continue to expand and invade the Central Plains. At that time, Qin will not be at peace. Therefore, it is necessary for Qin to send troops to attack Wu quickly, which is of course to help the revival of Chu and also for Qin's own security.
However, Qin Aigong didn't want to fight, just perfunctory Shen, saying, "It's hard on the road, you should have a rest first." Shen refused to step down and continued to earnestly request. Qin Aihong just perfunctory, and finally simply ignored it. Shen stood against the wall in the hall, crying, and didn't even drink a mouthful of water. On the seventh day of crying, I fell to the ground unconscious. Qin Aigong said with emotion: "Chu has such a loyal patriot, and I am not afraid that I can't revive. How can you not give assistance! " Immediately came to the courtyard in person, holding Shen's head, and hurriedly woke him up and recited the poem "No Clothes" to him.
There are some poems in the poem, such as "cultivate my spear, be an enemy of my son" and "cultivate my Jia Bing, walk with my son", which means to take up arms against the enemy. Knowing that Qin Aigong decided to send troops, Shen Lian knocked at Jiutou and expressed his deepest gratitude.
The State of Qin sent two generals, led 500 chariots (about 40,000 people in total), and joined forces with the beaten army of Chu to defeat Wu Jun. As the younger brother of He Lv, the king of Wu, he seized the throne with his own army, and He Lv had to call a truce and withdraw his troops to deal with civil strife. Chu recovered all the lost land. Since then, King Zhao of Chu has improved politics and made great use of talents, and Chu has gradually recovered its status as a powerful country.
▲ Zhou Changyi
Zhou Chang is strong-willed and outspoken. People like Xiao He and Cao Can respect him very much. Zhou Chang once went to the palace to report things when Gaudi was resting. Gaudi hugged Mrs Qi and turned to run. Gaudi caught up with him, rode on Zhou Chang's neck and asked, "What kind of monarch am I?" Zhou Chang looked up and said, "Your Majesty is a rebellious monarch." The emperor smiled after hearing this, and from then on, he was especially in awe of Zhou Chang. Emperor Gaudi wanted to abolish the Prince and let Miracle's son be the Prince, but ministers resolutely opposed it, and no one could convince the Emperor. In the court debate, Zhou Chang is the most determined. When the emperor asked him the truth, Zhou Changben had a stutter and was full of anger. He said: "my mouth can't tell the truth, but I know very well that it won't work." Even if your majesty wants to abolish the prince, I will be extremely ... extremely disobedient! " The emperor smiled. After leaving for the DPRK, Lv Hou, who was eavesdropping, saw Zhou Chang in the east wing, bowed down and thanked him, saying, "Without you, the prince would have been almost abolished."
▲ Ti Ying wrote to save his father.
During the reign of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, Qi Taicang ordered Chun to be guilty and should be punished by corporal punishment. The emperor ordered him to be arrested and sent to Chang 'an. Spring Gong Yu has no sons, only five daughters. When he was taken away, he scolded, "It's no use having a baby without a boy. It's urgent! " His youngest daughter, Ti Ying, heard this and cried sadly. She followed her father to Chang 'an and wrote to the imperial court, saying, "My father was an official in the State of Qi, and all the people praised him for being honest and fair. Now he has broken the law and should be punished by corporal punishment. I am sad that people can't be resurrected after death and can't recover after being tortured by corporal punishment. Even if they want to turn over a new leaf, they have no chance. Therefore, I am willing to be treated as a handmaiden without income by the government to redeem my father's punishment and give him a chance to turn over a new leaf. "
Although there are not many words, they are sincere, well-founded and touching. When Emperor Wen saw this, he took pity on her filial piety and wrote a letter saying: "When I heard that there was danger to the family, only criminals were dressed in clothes with special patterns or colors to show their shame, and the people did not break the law. Why can you do this? Because politics was extremely clear at that time. Now there are three kinds of corporal punishment in criminal law, but some people still violate the law and commit crimes. Where is the root of this drawback? Isn't it because of my shallow virtue that my education is unclear? I feel very ashamed. How painful and immoral it is to break the prisoner's limbs with punishment and damage his flesh for life. Does it meet the requirements of parents? So corporal punishment should be abolished! "
▲ Call a spade a spade, get it off your chest.
In the third year of Zhenguan, Li Daliang was the governor of Liangzhou. Once a court envoy went to Liangzhou and found a famous falcon in the real estate. He gently advised Daliang to buy it for Taizong.
Li Daliang secretly told Emperor Taizong that your majesty had said that he would stop hunting, but the messenger was looking for falcons. If this is your majesty's original intention, then it is completely contrary to your majesty's original intention of being prepared for danger in times of peace, abstaining from extravagance and saving money; If the emissary makes decisions without authorization and spreads the imperial edict, it is your majesty's improper choice of emissary.
Taizong wrote a book and said, "I am loyal to you, I am loyal to you." Therefore, I appointed a vassal shepherd, so I should send it again. Compared with the state town, the sound performance is much more obvious. If you are loyal and diligent, don't forget to sleep? It's not smooth to send the eagle, but it's a lesson from the past and call a spade a spade. It is sincere to confide in your heart, and it is not enough to learn from it. If I had a minister, I would have nothing to worry about! It is desirable to keep this sincerity, and it will always be like this ... The ancients said a word, which is heavy and precious, and you said it deeply enough. Today, I give you a golden jar and a golden bowl for my own use, although it doesn't weigh 1000 ounces. Qing Li is determined to be straight, honest, an official and appointed by every deputy. In my spare time, I will read classics and give you a copy of Xun Yue's Han Ji. The political narrative of this book is short, profound and highly political. As a monarch and minister, I do my best. If I give it to you now, I should read more. "
In the eighth year of Zhenguan, Huangfu Deshen, the county magistrate of Shaanxi County, wrote: "Repairing Luoyang Palace will help the people; Collect land rent, which is thick; People like to comb high buns, which is influenced by the palace. " Emperor Taizong was very angry when he saw it. The other side said, "Does German ginseng want the country not to levy one person's labor, not to collect a bucket of land rent, and all maids shave their heads?" Trying to punish him for libel.
Wei Zhi, the waiter, urged, "Jia Yi once wrote a book to Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, saying,' You can cry and sigh for six times'. It can be seen that since ancient times, most characters are eager. Not rushing can't attract the attention of the king, but rushing is a bit like slander. I hope your majesty will consider it carefully. " Emperor Taizong said with deep feelings: "No one can tell me this truth except you." So I gave 20 pieces of shredded German ginseng.
A few days later, Wei Zhi said to Emperor Taizong, "Your Majesty doesn't like others telling the truth recently. Although he listened reluctantly, he was not as happy and happy as before. " Hearing this, Emperor Taizong gave more preferential treatment to De Can and worshipped him as the censor.
▲ Bailing kneels down
The Qing court appointed Bailing as the governor of the two rivers. He once presided over the restoration of river breaches. After a month of hard work, the gap was finally closed. After the levee was successfully closed, Bailing led 100 officials to the Dragon King Temple as usual, praying for the Dragon King to bless the levee. After the sacrifice, all family members and other followers kowtowed to Bai Ling to congratulate him. At this time, lark suddenly knelt down with everyone. When the officials saw that the governor had knelt down, they were all surprised and said, "My Lord, please get up quickly. How can you afford a humble position, a small position? "
Bai Ling breathed a sigh of relief and said, "In the past, when Qi Xin worked together to plug the gap, there was not so much courtesy, because the situation was critical. If the breach is not firmly blocked, the whole dike will collapse, and no matter how high or low it is, it will die in the flood. This is not a formal yamen. Since you all follow me and work for the court, you are all my good friends, regardless of rank. " Then he pointed to the red top on the official hat and said, "The princes will have seeds!" " As long as you continue to serve the court faithfully with me in the future, anyone can wear this red hat. "Hearing this, all the officials and their entourage were very moved. Some people even fell to the ground crying and couldn't stand up. They all expressed their willingness to serve with Bai Ling.
▲ Shaozhi County evokes brotherhood
During the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, Uncle Shao was appointed as the magistrate of huangpi district, Hubei Province, and once tried a case in which brothers competed for property.
There are two brothers surnamed Wu in the northern suburb of the county, both of whom are over 60. Originally, they lived together, * * * supported their father and lived in peace. Later, when his father died, the two brothers had conflicts because of the division of property, which hurt their harmony and caused a lot of trouble. At first, the people came forward to mediate, but without results, they took the lawsuit to the county government.
Uncle Shao carefully read the form paper handed over by the Wu brothers and other materials about the case. He knows that his brothers are filial people. Although they went to court because of property disputes, the feelings between brothers did not completely break down. After reading the case file, he didn't ask the two brothers why they went to court. Instead, he ordered the magistrate to put a big mirror in front of the two brothers and asked, "Do the two people in the mirror look alike?"
The two brothers replied, "Yes." Another question: "Are they brothers?" The answer is: "Yes." Asked about this matter, Uncle Shao sighed and said sadly, "I really envy the two brothers in the mirror, and they can still live together in their later years and enjoy brotherhood." But my brother died recently, which made me lose my own flesh and blood, and I can no longer enjoy brotherhood. Brotherhood is priceless. If you lose your brotherhood for family property, no amount of family property can make up for it. "Shao Zhixian's words deeply touched the two brothers, making them bow their heads in shame and saying that they should treat each other with courtesy and solve the problem of property sharing.
▲ A humble speech.
Yuan Geng, Party Secretary of Shekou Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, is good at fighting wits and wits with foreign businessmen in foreign-related economic activities. Once, Yuan Geng visited a country and negotiated with a consortium to establish a new float glass factory in Shekou Industrial Zone. The other side, relying on the advantages of its advanced technology and equipment, charged us exorbitant prices and the negotiations reached a deadlock.
One day, a city chamber of commerce where a consortium is located invited Yuan Geng to give a speech, and Yuan Geng gladly went. In his speech, he pointed out:
"China is an ancient civilization. As early as 1000 years ago, our ancestors unconditionally contributed four great inventions to mankind-compass, papermaking, printing and gunpowder production technology, and their descendants never complained how stupid they were without patent rights; On the contrary, he praised his ancestors for their outstanding contributions to the progress of world science. Now, in its economic cooperation with other countries, China does not require all countries to give up their patents unconditionally. As long as the price is reasonable, we will give a lot of money ... "
Yuan Geng's supercilious and wonderful speech won warm applause from the participants, which also prompted the consortium to reduce the patent fee and cooperate with us in future negotiations, thus the two sides reached a cooperation project of nearly 1 billion US dollars.
▲ Lincoln who is good at controlling the audience's psychology.
Abraham lincoln was a lawyer before he became president. One day, Lincoln was working in a law firm when an old woman called. As soon as she entered the door, she was very excited and cried about what had happened to her. It turned out that she was a lonely old man with no children, and her husband died for his country in the War of Independence. She lives on a monthly pension. Not long ago, the pension teller blackmailed her and asked her to pay a handling fee, which was as high as half of the total pension. Lincoln was very angry and decided to sue the old man for free and teach the heartless cashier a lesson.
During the trial, the cashier was used to verbal blackmail and left no evidence, so she accused Lincoln of making things out of nothing in court. However, Lincoln was very calm. With tears in his eyes, he recalled emotionally the oppression of the colonial people by the British Empire and how patriots stood up in the snow and ice and fought bloody battles to shed their blood for American independence.
Finally, he said, "Now, it's all over. 1776' s heroes have already been buried underground, and their aging poor wife is in front of them, demanding a complaint. The old woman used to be a beautiful girl and lived a happy life with her husband. But she lost everything and became poor and helpless. However, some people want to blackmail their widows for their little pension while enjoying the freedom and happiness won by the martyrs. Do they have a conscience? Although she is helpless, can we turn a blind eye when she has to seek protection from us? ! "
The hearts of the audience have already been touched, and the court is crying, and the judge who has always been indifferent is also red-eyed. The defendant's conscience was awakened and he would never deny it again. The court finally passed a judgment to protect the widow of the martyr from extortion.
▲ Kemal is touching with tolerance.
1922, after centuries of hostility between Turkey and Greeks, Turkey finally made up its mind to expel the Greeks from Turkish territory. Turkish President Kemal Ataturk delivered a Napoleonic speech to his soldiers. He said, "Keep attacking, your destination is the Mediterranean." Thus, a fierce war began. Turkey finally won.
Turkish soldiers swore at two Greek generals, Di Likopis and dionis, when they went to Kemal headquarters to surrender. But Kemal showed no pride as a winner. He took their hands and said, "Please sit down, gentlemen, you must be tired from walking."
Then, after discussing the details of surrender, Kemal comforted the two defeated generals. He said in a soldier-to-soldier tone: "Gentlemen, there are many accidental situations in the war. Sometimes the best soldiers will be defeated. "