Customs commodity number: 2905199010; Si Nuo. : 593-50-0
? From 65438 to 0978, the research group of Professor Guo Qizhen of Xiamen University successfully obtained triacontanol crystals from beeswax China. 65438-0987, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xiamen University and other 32 units cooperated to study the yield-increasing effect and physiological effect of triacontanol on jasmine and gourd. These two achievements have reached the international leading level. Then, the application of triacontanol in seaweed was studied. Until 1993 "Study on the application of plant growth regulator triacontanol milk powder in kelp and laver" passed the appraisal of scientific and technological achievements and reached the international leading level. 1996 won the second prize of national scientific and technological progress. The yield-increasing effect of triacontanol has been affirmed and confirmed. ?
? Based on the research results of our country for many years, the methods and conditions that should be paid attention to when using this product. For example, the concentration of pesticides should be tested according to the variety, development period and growth of crops, otherwise it will often have no effect on increasing production or even reducing production. The quality of triacontanol is also important. The product contains impurities such as octacosanol and other higher even fatty alcohols that have not been separated and removed, and their existence inhibits the activity of triacontanol. According to the regulations of relevant departments, the contents of triacontanol and octacosanol in products should be ≥ 95% and ≤ 5%. ?
Toxicity and residue status
Triacontanol exists in the form of esters in the waxes of many plants and insects. No toxic effects on people, livestock and beneficial organisms were found.
At the ninth meeting of the Eighth National Pesticide Registration Review Committee on 20 18, the maximum residue limit of triacontanol was exempted according to the Regulations on the Management of Pesticide Registration Data and other relevant regulations.
According to the Federal Register, on August 6th, 20 17, the US Environmental Protection Agency issued a notice to exempt triacontanol (1- triacontanol) from the maximum residue limit in food. It is understood that this exemption application is made by Chbiotech R&; D, Ltd. submitted in accordance with the requirements of the US Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act. The US Environmental Protection Agency conducted a risk assessment on the toxicity and carcinogenicity of triacontanol. Finally, it is concluded that triacontanol has no effect on the health of ordinary people, infants and children, so the maximum residue limit requirement of triacontanol in food is exempted when it is used according to the label instructions and correct operating specifications.
Industrial synthesis
The product can be synthesized from dodecanedioic acid by alkyl zinc chloride method, or from hexadecene by metathesis and zirconium hydrogenation reaction. Beeswax contains more triacontanol. The method of extracting triacontanol from beeswax is to extract it by heating with ethanol, then saponify it with sodium hydroxide, then dissolve its unsaponifiable matter in hot pentanol and concentrated hydrochloric acid solution, cool to separate out triacontanol-based solid, select a suitable solvent for fractional crystallization, and decolorize it with activated carbon to obtain a white scaly crystalline product.
Domestic registration status
Because triacontanol is almost insoluble in water, the dosage form is one of the important factors that determine the efficacy. In Ries, triacontanol was first studied by emulsion. After the original medicinal organic solvent is dissolved, a certain amount of emulsifier is added and then diluted to a certain concentration with water. However, the disadvantages of emulsion are poor dispersibility and easy precipitation. Later, acetone dosage form and colloidal dosage form of triacontanol were put forward one after another abroad, but they were not developed due to the influence of emulsifier or the dispersion of particles. In China, Xiamen University cooperated with Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences to develop triacontanol milk powder by using CD molecular coating technology. Triacontanol dosage forms have made great progress, with the advantages of stable effect, long-term storage and easy storage and transportation. The application of triacontanol has been developed.
In 1980s, it was widely used in China, and it was one of the few plant growth regulators. Later, due to the deviation of promotion, the market shrank. In recent years, it has been popularized again in China. At present, domestic promotion is mainly carried out by Sichuan Guoguang. At present, it is mostly used to increase the yield of mushrooms, virus resistance of vegetables, and increase the yield and color of fruit trees such as winter dates.
At present, the domestic registration situation is as follows (as of 20 19 10 17).
At present, triacontanol has * * * registered products 17, including 2 original drug products registered enterprises and 5 preparation products 15, including 6 microemulsion products, 2 wettable powder products, 0 soluble agent 1 one soluble powder 1 one suspending agent 1 one.
Mechanism and effect of action
Triacosanol can promote and improve the growth and yield of many crops (rice, tomato, cucumber, corn, soybean, barley, wheat, carrot, beet, kidney bean, etc.). ) and some flowers of different degrees. Laboratory analysis shows that its physiological effects are as follows:
(1) promote cell division and cell elongation, increase the fresh weight and quantity of plant cells, and improve the levels of reducing sugar, free amino acids, soluble nitrogen and reduced nitrogen in plants;
(2) To improve the activities of polyphenol oxidase, gluconate 6- sulfate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, starch phosphorylase and phosphopyruvate carboxylase in plants, so as to promote the process of transforming starch into sugar in vivo;
(3) It can reduce the inhibition of molecular oxygen on photosynthesis and enhance photosynthesis and the movement of photosynthetic products.
Plants react very quickly to triacontanol. The increase of dry weight of maize seedlings treated with triacontanol can be measured within 65438 00 minutes. After 4 minutes of treatment, the contents of reducing sugar and free amino acids increased. This rapid reaction is related to the rapid absorption and transport of triacontanol by plants. In mechanism, it is speculated that it is related to the activation of enzyme and its influence on membrane characteristics, thus triggering a series of reaction processes.
Tria following figure shows five concentrations of triacontanol (10–0,10–8,10–7,10–6 and10–5? M) Effect on the content of total anthraquinone and sennoside in coffee senna leaves (average of three replicates). The error line (-) shows se (naeem et al., 20 10).
Adding 3 mg/kg triacontanol in the cultivation of Tricholoma matsutake raw materials can produce mushrooms three days earlier than the control, increasing the yield by 35.9%, and the mushroom body is also larger, which can effectively inhibit the pollution of miscellaneous bacteria.
When triacontanol was applied to apricot trees, the net photosynthetic rate was1.0 ppm > 0.5 ppm > 0.3 ppm > 0.1ppm > CK > 3.0 ppm, indicating that triacontanol promoted photosynthesis with the increase of agricultural production, and showed inhibition at high concentration.
Effects of triacontanol with different concentrations on photosynthetic characteristics of strawberry in greenhouse. The results showed that the photosynthesis of strawberry was significantly improved after 5 days of TA treatment. Compared with the control, both low concentration (≤0. 1 g/L) and high concentration (≥ 1 g/L) promoted the net photosynthetic rate of strawberry leaves.
Difference from brassinolide
The effect of foliar spraying brassinolide on the chlorophyll content of leaves is less than triacontanol, but it can maintain a high chlorophyll level for a long time. It shows that spraying triacontanol on leaves has an immediate effect on promoting chlorophyll content, while brassinolide has a mild but lasting effect, which is more conducive to delaying leaf senescence.
Partial patent
applied technology
? Triacosanol is used in various crops. At present, it is used in fields and orchards, and also in edible fungi.
Note: When triacontanol is used in a large amount or its purity is not high, it will lead to leaf sheath bending at seedling stage, abnormal root system and curly young leaves at adult stage.
Tip:? In production and application, triacontanol still has the problem of unstable effect, and the reasons for its instability are as follows:
(1) triacontanol is ubiquitous in nature, but the application amount is relatively small, so the application method and absorption and utilization rate in plants will become the key factors affecting the effect.
(2) Many compounds widely existing in nature, such as octacosanol and phthalate esters, can inhibit the action of triacontanol. If the purity of triacontanol is increased to 99.79%, the interference of other components can be reduced and its effect can be significantly improved. In addition, containers or pipes made of PVC materials should be avoided in the application process, because phthalates are biological plasticizers of this material.
? (3) The water solubility of triacontanol is extremely low, so it is necessary to choose a suitable formula, especially paying attention to the fact that the addition of additives in the formula will not affect the activity of triacontanol.
Some foreign packaging
Domestic partial packaging
reference data
1.h.c.bittern; District Attorney Dilly; Wert, V. and Ries, S.K.: Environmental parameters affecting dark response of rice seedlings to triacontanol. Plant physiology. 6 1:85 1-854, 1978
2.M. Naeem, M. Masroor A. Khan & amp triacontanol
Effective plant growth regulators in agriculture, Journal of Plant Interaction, 7:2, 129- 142.
3. Li Ling, Xiao Langtao and Tan Weiming? Technical Manual of Modern Plant Growth Regulators Beijing: Chemical Industry Press? 20 18
4. Kong Qinghuan, Zhu Shourong, Zhang Ping, Liu, Weng Liang, the yield-increasing effect of triacontanol in edible fungi cultivation, Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2006, (6): 353-355.