Classification
It is classified as a general order in biology. The biggest difference between dinosaurs and other reptiles is the way they stand and move. Dinosaurs have a completely upright posture with their limbs built directly underneath their bodies. This structure is more advantageous for walking and running than other types of reptiles, such as crocodiles, whose limbs extend outward. According to the different structural characteristics of dinosaur belts, they can be divided into two major categories: Saurischia and Ornithischia. The main difference between the two lies in the structure of the girdle: the saurischian girdle is three-shot when viewed from the side, with the pubic bone extending forward under the intestinal bone and the ischium extending backward. This structure is similar to that of a lizard; it is very ugly. In the ornithischian girdle, the intestinal bone is greatly expanded front and back. There is a large prepubic process on the front side of the pubic bone, which extends below the intestinal bone. The posterior side is greatly extended parallel to the ischium and extends to the front and lower side of the intestinal bone. Therefore, the pelvis looks radial when viewed from the side. (Besides, there are other differences.) The order Sauropoda is divided into Sauropoda and Theropoda. Sauropods are further divided into prosauropods and sauropods. Prosauropods mainly lived from the Late Triassic to the Early Jurassic. They were a type of omnivorous-vegetarian medium-sized dinosaurs, such as the first giant dinosaur to live on the earth---- Plateosaurus, an angelosaurus that lived in the early Jurassic period. Sauropods lived mainly during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. Most of them were giant vegetarian dinosaurs. The head is small, the neck is long, the tail is long, and the teeth are small spoon-shaped. The famous representative of the sauropods is Mamenchisaurus, which was produced in the Late Jurassic of Sichuan and Gansu, my country. It consists of 19 cervical vertebrae and its neck is about half the body length. It is the largest animal known in the world ----- Seismosaurus or Fragile Amphora, etc. Theropods lived from the Late Triassic to the Cretaceous. They are all carnivorous dragons, walking on two legs, with sharp claws on their toes, well-developed heads, and sharp teeth like daggers or knives in their mouths. Tyrannosaurus rex is a famous representative, and others such as Allosaurus and Giganotosaurus are also quite famous. Ornithischia is divided into 5 major categories: Ornithopoda, Stegosauria, Ankylosauria, Ceratopsia and Pachycephalosauria. Ornithopods are the group with the most fossils among ornithischians and even among the entire dinosaur class. They walk on two or four legs. The mandible has a separate predentary bone. The teeth only grow in the cheek. The crowns of the upper teeth are curved inward and the crowns of the lower teeth are curved outward. They lived from the Late Triassic to the Cretaceous, and were all vegetarian dinosaurs. Such as: Hadrosaurus, Iguanodon, etc. Stegosaurs, walking on four legs, have upright bone plates on their backs and two or more pairs of bone spurs on their tails. Stegosaurs mainly lived from the Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, and were the first large group of dinosaurs to go extinct. . Representatives include Stegosaurus, which is thought to have lived on the plains, and Kensaurus, which was found in Tanzania. Ankylosaurus dinosaurs were short and stocky, covered with bony decks, and fed on plants. They mainly appeared in the early Cretaceous period. For example, Hyrulesaurus lives in continental Europe, and Spiny Ankylosaurus lives in Britain. Ceratopsians are vegetarian dinosaurs that walked on four legs. The back of the skull expands into a cervical shield, and most of them lived in the late Cretaceous. The Psittacosaurus found in northern my country is the ancestral type of ceratopsians. Among them are Triceratops, which is as famous as Tyrannosaurus rex, Protoceratops, a docile herbivore, and so on. The main characteristics of pachycephalosaurs are that their skulls are swollen and thick, their foramen is closed, and the pubic bone in the osseous plate is crowded out by the ischium. They do not participate in the formation of the belt. They mainly lived in the Cretaceous period. Whether it is saurischians or ornithischians, their girdle leaves a small hole between the intestinal bone, ischium, and pubic bone. This hole is not found in other reptiles. It is this hole that shows that the two orders of animals known as dinosaurs are the closest relatives to each other compared to all other orders of reptiles.
As of 2003, the following species of dinosaurs have been discovered in the world:
Early Cretaceous---Early Cretaceous--Eoraptor, Klamelisaurus ) Allosaurus, Zephyrosaurus, birds are today's dinosaurs.
Hypsilophodon Iguanodon Muttaburrasaurus Ouranosaurus Equijubus Altirhinus Nanyangosaurus Lurdusaurus Kangnasaurus Desert Dragon (Valdosaurus) Fukuisaurus (Jinzhousaurus) Tenontosaurus (Probactrosaurus) Leaellynasaura (Atlascopcosaurus) Siluosaurus (Siluosaurus) Qida Dragon (Qantassaurus) Fulgurotherium (Jeholosaurus) Thecospondylus (Thecospondylus) Xuanhuasaurus (Stenopelix) Zuniceratops (Archaeoceratops) Chaoyangsaurus (Chaoyangsaurus) Liaoceratops Hongshanosaurus Wuerhosaurus Katsuyamakensaurus Nurosaurus Jobaria Ultrasaurus Asiatosaurus Augustinosaurus (Agustinia) Mongolosaurus Nigersaurus Histriasaurus Rayososaurus Rebbachisaurus Limaysaurus Amargasaurus ) Amazonosaurus Pukyongosaurus Jiangshanosaurus Chondrosteosaurus Aragosaurus Pelorosaurus Austrosaurus Triassic period reconstruction Ornithopsis ) Venenosaurus Astrodon Eucamerotus Pleurocoelus Sonorasaurus Sauroposeidon Cedarosaurus Aepisaurus Al Algoasaurus Jurassic period reconstruction Clasmodosaurus Iuticosaurus Chubutisaurus Macrurosaurus Tangvayosaurus Phuwiangosaurus Tidalosaurus (Paralititan) Gobi dragon (Gobititan)
Andesaurus Cretaceous period reconstruction map Malawisaurus Altispinax Calamospondylus Capitalsaurus Embasaurus Inosaurus Kagasaurus Katsuyamasaurus Wakinosaurus Walgettosuchus Kelmayisaurus Prodeinodon Spinostropheus Ligabueino Bickersthorn Dragon (Becklespinax) Valdoraptor (Erectopus) Afrovenator (Tugulusaurus) Siamosaurus (Siamosaurus) Cristatusaurus (Baryonyx) Crocodilemimus (Suchomimus) Irritator Angaturama Fukuiraptor Acrocanthosaurus Dwarfallosaur Neovenator Carcharodontosaurus Giganotosaurus ) Bahariasaurus Chilantaisaurus Calamosaurus Ginnareemimus Harpymimus Heptasteornis Phaedrolosaurus Kakuru, Arkansas, Nqwebasaurus, Nedcolbertia, Santanaraptor, Scipionyx, Yaverlandia, Acrosuchus (Aristosuchus) Sinosauropteryx Huaxiagnathus Meisaurus Mirischia Protarchaeopteryx Timimus Yixianosaurus Microvenator Caudipteryx Microraptor M.gui Sinornithosaurus Dilong Eotyrannus Siamotyrannus Toulousaurus Tonouchisaurus Sinornithoides Sinovenator Sinusonasus Archaeornithomimus Shenzhousaurus Yamade
Dragon (Sanchusaurus) Pelecanimimus (Incisivosaurus) Raptor (Rapator) Ornithodesmus (Utahraptor) Deinonychus (Graciliraptor) Alxasaurus ) Achillobator Beipiaosaurus Protopteryx Unenlagia Anchiornis Late Cretaceous ---Late Cretaceous--- Carnosaurus Coeloidosaurus (Coeluroides) Mifunesaurus Newtonsaurus Quilmesaurus Sidormimus Sigilmassasaurus Tsuchikurasaurus Genusaurus Compsosuchus ) Dryptosauroides Genyodectes Jubbulpuria Ornithomimoides Ilokelesia Laevisuchus Rugops Northwest Argentinosaurus ( Noasaurus Masiakasaurus Velociraptor Velociraptor Betasuchus Xenotarsosaurus Tarascosaurus Indosuchus Abelisaurus Majungasaurus Aucasaurus Carnotaurus Indosaurus Orthogoniosaurus Majungatholus Rajasaurus Unquillosaurus Spinosaurus (Spinosaurus) Deltadromeus Aniksosaurus Bagaraatan Archaeornithoides Bradycneme Diplotomodon Elopteryx Island Gorge Dragon (Labocania) Ricardoestesia Euronychodon Paronychodon Avimimus Dryptosaurus Shanyangosaurus Rahonavis ) Futabasaurus Itemirus Alectrosaurus Chingkankousaurus Terror
Deinodon Alioramus Albertosaurus Gorgosaurus Aublysodon Nanotyrannus Stygivenator Dinotyrannus Shanshanosaurus Daspletosaurus Tyrannosaurus Tyrannosaurus Rex Tarbosaurus T. Luanchuanensis Araucanoraptor Borogovia Tochisaurus Byronosaurus Saurornithoides Troodon Stenychosaurus Deinocheirus Orcomimus Garudimimus Gallimimus Anserimimus Dromiceiomimus Ornithomimus Struthiomimus Sinornithomimus Nomingia Heyuannia Near Caenagnathus Caenagnathasia Chirostenotes Elmisaurus Citipati Conchoraptor Ingenia Khaan Oviraptor Oviraptor Alvarezsaurus Patagonykus Mononykus Parvicursor Shuvuuia Achillobator Adasaurus ) Bambiraptor Koreanosaurus Megaraptor Pyroraptor Variraptor Atrociraptor Dromaeosaurus Some dinosaurs have feathers, such as Bambiraptor dragon.
Saurornitholestes Erliansaurus Neimenggusaurus Nothronychus Enigmosaurus Erlikosaurus Nanshiungosaurus Segnosaurus Therizinosaurus Notohypsilophodon Bugenasaura Thescelosaurus Talenkauen Orodromeus Parksosaurus Lophorhothon Rhabdodon Zha Mochlodon Zalmoxes Onychosaurus Ornithomerus Oligosaurus Gasparinisaura Loncosaurus Anabisetia Bihariosaurus Pararhabdodon Planicoxa Craspedodon Hypsibema Hironosaurus Mandschurosaurus Orthomerus Dugusaurus Secernosaurus Protohadros Claosaurus Gilmoreosaurus Telmatosaurus Arstanosaurus Gadolosaurus Pteropelyx Eolambia Buck Dragon (Bactrosaurus) Tsintaosaurus (Charonosaurus) Parasaurolophus (Nipponosaurus) Amurosaurus (Amurosaurus) Jaxartosaurus (Lambeosaurus) Fan-crested Swan Dragon ( Olorotitan Barsboldia Corythosaurus Hypacrosaurus Hadrosaurus Microhadrosaurus Kerberosaurus Shuangmiaosaurus Qianglong Thespesius Brachylophosaurus Maiasaura Aralosaurus Gryposaurus Kritosaurus Anatotitan Edmontosaurus Shantungosaurus Tanius, Prosau
rolophus, Saurolophus, Tianzhenosaurus, Psittacosaurus, P.sinen, P.meileyingensis, Brachypodosaurus, Pachycephalosaurus ) Stygimoloch Microcephale Gravitholus Prenocephale Tylocephale Sphaerotholus Stegoceras Homalocephale Tropical (Ornatotholus) Micropachycephalosaurus Goyocephale Wannanosaurus Dravidosaurus Qinlingosaurus Hisanohamasaurus Megacervixosaurus Sugiyamasaurus Egypt Dragon (Aegyptosaurus) Campylodon Campylodoniscus Borealosaurus Huabeisaurus Ampelosaurus Hypselosaurus Jainosaurus Magyarosaurus ) Pellegrinisaurus Epachthosaurus Argentinosaurus Lirainosaurus Antarctosaurus Bonitasaura Laplatasaurus Nemegtosaurus ) Quaesitosaurus Rapetosaurus Alamosaurus Argyrosaurus Titanosaurus Isisaurus Rinconsaurus Aeolosaurus Gondwanaurus ( Gondwanatitan Opisthocoelicaudia Neuquensaurus Rocasaurus Saltasaurus Otogosaurus Taveirosaurus Domeykosaurus Notoceratops Torosaurus Prosauropod Plateosaurus Tianshanosaurs Anchisaurus Sauropod Mamenchisaurus Seismosaurus Confusion dragon(
Apatosaurus Brachiosaurus Euhelopus Stegosaurus Stegosaurus Kentrusaurs Chialingosaurus Huayangsaurs Tuojiangosaurus Ankylosaurus Leptomosaurus (Scelidosaurus) Hylaeosaurus (Acanthopholis) Gastonia (Stegopelta) Tyreophorus (Tyreophorus) Glyptodontopelta (Hoplitosaurus) Spiny Ankylosaurus ( Polacanthus) Sauroplites Gobisaurus Shamosaurus Minmi Tianchisaurus Cedarpelta Ankylosaurus Heishansaurus Peishansaurus Priconodon Rhadinosaurus Stegosaurides Palaeoscincus Pawpawsaurus Sarcolestes Anoplosaurus Odosaurids Nodules Dragon (Nodosaurus) Hylaeosaurus (Hylaeosaurus) Struthiosaurus (Niobrarasaurus) Texas dragon (Texasetes) Animantarx (Edmontonia) Linmulong ( Silvisaurus Panoplosaurus Sauropelta Tsagantegia Maleevus Shanxia Talarurus Syrmosaurus Amtosaurus Nodosaurus (Nodocephalosaurus) Polacanthus (Tarchia) Saichania (Euoplocephalus) Pinacosaurus (Crichtonsaurus) Ceratosaurus dinosaur Trachodon Turanceratops (Turanoceratops) Leptoceratops (Prenoceratops) Asiaceratops (Asiaceratops) Microceratops (Graciliceratops) Udanoceratops (Bainoceratops) Lakeceratops Kulceratops Ceratops Chasmosaurus Polyonax
Dragon (Ugrosaurus) Pentaceratops (Anchiceratops) Arrhinoceratops (Torosaurus) Diceratops (Diceratops) Triceratops (Triceratops) Pachyrhinosaurus (Achelousaurus) Alone Monoclonius Brachyceratops Einiosaurus Styracosaurus Centrosaurus Avaceratops Agathaumas Dysganus Noseceratops Arrhinoceratops Bagaceratops Lamaceratops Platyceratops Breviceratops Protoceratops Magnirostris Echizensaurus Montanaceratops Montanoceratops)