(1) Claim 1 is usually the most protected claim. You need to write your inventions in it and highlight technological innovation. At the same time, the recorded technical characteristics should be complete and achieve technical effects. But be careful not to use vague words, such as "about" and "about", and don't bring in detailed qualifiers, such as "the size is 20cm" and so on.
For example, if you invent a cup with one more cover than the existing cup, it can solve the technical problem of preventing dust from falling into the cup, so the cover must be written in, otherwise it will be no different from the existing cup, and the claim will not be creative. What else do you need to write? Because you are protecting a cup, you must have a cup body, so do you need to write the structure of the cup body? No, because the cup body is an existing technical feature, not your original creation, so everyone knows what the structure of the cup body is, and there is no need to write it in. If written, it will limit the protection scope of the claim. Only the cup and lid of this cup structure are your patents, and other cups are not your protection scope, even if they also have lids.
If this cup still has a handle, shall I put it on the right 1? It is suggested not to write, or to limit the scope of protection. You can put your hand in the subsequent claims as an extension.
(II) Writing of Subordinate Claims
Why is it called dependent claim? Because these subsequent claims are all extended from the content of claim 1, it is necessary to refer to the content of claim 1.
For example, the handle belongs to the structure added to the cup body and the cup cover in Claim 1, so it can be written into Claim 2 as a subordinate claim. At this time, your invention may have solved another technical problem, that is, it is more convenient to hold it with your hands without burning your hands.
You can continue to write claims 2, 3 and 4. ...
2. The function of the specification is to explain and explain the claims, so it is necessary to record the technology in detail here.
(1) technical field: As a novice, just write or copy the topic directly.
(2) Background technology: Your invention is based on solving technical problems, so the background technology can introduce the existing technical problems, whether there are solutions, what are the existing solutions, what are the problems, and so on.
(3) Summary: It is best to copy all the contents of this part of the claims, and then explain each claim separately.
(4) Specific implementation: list at least one example (if the scope summarized in the claim is too wide, you need to list several representative examples to cover this wide scope of protection) to prove that your technical scheme can really solve technical problems and obtain the technical effect you advocate.
Regarding the attached drawings, it should be noted that photographs (especially in the mechanical field) should not be used as much as possible. It is best to draw a linear diagram with a computer, and then clearly mark the labels of each part in the diagram, and indicate what part names each label represents in the manual.
By doing this, the framework of an application document is basically formed. In details, it should be emphasized that vague words should not be used in the claims, and necessary and unnecessary technical features should be distinguished. Of course, the latter point has little influence on authorization, and it may be easier to authorize with unnecessary technical features, because the scope of protection is small, but it is very unfavorable to the real protection of technology! The problem that should be paid attention to in the manual is that it must be recorded in detail to prevent insufficient disclosure.
If your invention is really innovative (objectively innovative, it needs to be judged by search, not what you think), you only need an authorization certificate, which should be enough, but if you really want to protect the technology, I suggest you find a professional agent. A good agent will help you design the layout of rights, give consideration to the scope of authorization and protection, protect innovative content from all angles, and prevent others from evading patents.