In the past, Siyoupu Research Laboratory conducted the following analysis on the experimental research on the effects of fuel additives on reducing gasoline engine fuel consumption and environmental emissions.
Abstract One of the effective ways to reduce the main harmful pollutants in gasoline engines is to add additives to the fuel. The article analyzes the impact of fuel additives on the combustion process, and uses a gasoline engine additive with an optimized composition in the EQ 610~ bench test. The test results show that the additive can reduce hydrocarbons by 30.1%, carbon monoxide by 20%, and fuel consumption. reduced by more than 2.5%.
Keywords gasoline engine; fuel additives; energy saving; harmful emissions, etc.
The number of vehicles in our country (especially in large cities and economically developed areas) is increasing rapidly. The air pollution caused by vehicle exhaust has become increasingly serious. The air quality and visibility are significantly deteriorating. Moreover, the pollution caused by vehicle exhaust has become increasingly serious. Pollution has begun to develop in the direction of deep pollution and secondary pollution. Environmental pollution seriously affects the health of urban residents and is not conducive to sustainable economic development and the improvement of the investment environment. In particular, the content of particles and harmful gases in existing vehicle exhaust emissions in my country is much higher than that in industrialized countries. According to statistics, 60% to 70% of atmospheric pollutants are harmful substances emitted by vehicles. Technical treatment methods mainly include internal purification, fuel modification and exhaust purification post-treatment methods.
The core of in-machine purification is to optimize the combustion process, such as optimizing the combustion chamber structure, using multi-point electronic injection and direct injection mixing technology, etc. This is effective for new cars that have not yet left the factory. method. However, for vehicles that have already been in the hands of users, changing the engine structure will add additional burdens. The best way is to control the harmful emissions of exhaust gases without changing the original equipment and devices (this is very important for vehicles that have been used for a certain period of time). Vehicles are particularly important because their exhaust contains much higher levels of harmful substances than new cars). Fuel additives are used to change certain properties of the fuel so that it can improve combustion and thereby reduce emissions of harmful exhaust gases and save energy. At the same time, combined with exhaust purification post-treatment technology, such as installing a catalytic converter purifier on the exhaust pipe, the harmful exhaust emissions of gasoline engines can be greatly reduced to meet the needs of new environmental protection requirements.
There are many types of fuel additives, which can be mainly divided into two categories according to the purpose of use.
(I) Fuel-saving additives: The main purpose is to improve engine efficiency and reduce fuel consumption.
(II)?(2) Environmental pollution reduction additives: The main purpose is to reduce the emissions of CO, HC, and NO in the engine exhaust, and reduce the air pollution caused by the engine exhaust. Foreign countries have already implemented strict regulations on fuel oil. Research on additives. There are also many products developed, but the product formulas are confidential
1. Some scientific research institutes in my country also began research on fuel additives in the 1970s. Some products have been used in actual production, but the main problems are: single performance, low actual fuel saving rate, poor oil solubility and low smoke reduction. When organic salts are present in the additives, it is not only easy to burn The cylinder is worn, and jelly and carbon deposits will appear after combustion, which can easily block the oil circuit. If xylene is used as the solvent, carcinogenic residues will easily appear, and the fuel saving rate will be low, making it inconvenient to promote. After continuous learning from foreign countries and the introduction of advanced technology, we have continued to conduct research and development on Chinese fuels. Currently, Siyoupu’s stock solution additives are guided by American technology. This has taken 9 years of R&D and testing of Chinese fuels. Finally, in the same year that the National VI emission standards were promulgated in 2019, with the background of China's powerful Chinese team and the research and development target of Chinese fuel additives, Siyoupu raw liquid additives came out. Jihe has been serving major gas stations for many years. The technology of cleaning underground oil storage tanks and oil storage trucks, relying on American technology, Si Youpu will shoulder the responsibility and mission of protecting blue skies, green mountains and clear waters.
1.? Mechanism of action of additives: Fuel is mainly hydrocarbon organic compounds. The interaction between its molecules is to associate molecules with each other by means of the electrostatic attraction of dipole moment or clockwise dipole moment. Together, this force is the van der Waals force. It has no directionality and saturation. It is a very weak electrostatic force with a small range of action. Therefore, the mutual position of the fuel molecules is variable, that is, it has fluidity. The molecule is composed of hydrogen atoms and carbon atoms relying on *** valence bonds. The bond energy of the c-H and (c bonds are relatively large, and the bond energy of the C-C bond is 347 8 kJ/tool , -H bond is 414.8 kJ/too1. When the temperature rises to a certain level, the weak bond breaks, and then the main bond breaks, producing low molecular substances. According to the catalytic theory, under normal circumstances (H bond is inert. , it is difficult to activate it from the perspective of steric effect or electron transfer, but under transition metal catalysis, (H bond can be coordinated with transition metals and rare earth metals with unsaturated, low oxidation state, electron-rich metal centers, etc. When organic compounds undergo oxidation reactions, (H bonds can be activated), the PNF organic substances in Siyoupu fuel additives are dissolved in organic solvents and added to the fuel, which can reduce the activation energy of c_-H bonds and make the activated The number of molecules increases. At the same time, due to the transfer effect of oxygen in the metal oxide, the fuel can obtain atomic oxygen, thereby generating free radicals, promoting the occurrence of this catalytic effect, improving the properties of the fuel, and promoting the The combustion of fuel achieves energy-saving effects. Barium metal has a negative catalytic effect in the dehydrogenation reaction, which can inhibit the free carbon produced by thermal cracking of fuel under high-temperature and oxygen-deficient conditions, and can also prevent chain hydrocarbons from becoming cyclic compound, which can play a role in eliminating smoke
2. The composition of the additive and comparative test The solvent of the additive is No. 120 solvent oil, which is composed of calcium, aluminum lactate and stearin. Salt, manganese complex, barium naphthenic sulfonate, ethyl acetate and hydroxyl iron are mixed in a certain proportion and processed through a certain process to obtain the additive sample. The comparative test was carried out on a gasoline engine bench for testing gasoline engines. The model is Dongfeng EQ6100; the calibrated power (3 000 r/rain) is: 94 kw; the cumulative working time is about 1 500 h; the dynamometer is a model Y120-S water conservancy dynamometer, and the dynamometer coefficient is 1/10 000 , produced by Nantong Qidong Dynamometer Equipment Factory; the fuel used is p (90 gasoline) = 0.72 g/ml; the engine oil is gasoline engine oil. The main measuring instruments are: CO, HC concentration meter, model MEXA-324F, Foshan Analytical Instrument Factory produced; speed (load) measuring instrument, model HOE1, produced by Nantong Qidong Dynamometer Equipment Factory; fuel consumption measuring instrument, model YHCS-1 digital fuel consumption meter, produced by Xiangxi Instrument Factory; exhaust temperature measuring instrument, NiCr-NiSi thermocouple and XCZ-101 indicator, produced by Zhejiang Yuyao Instrument Factory, conducts tests on all types of gasoline engines according to speed characteristics, and measures 6 stable operating conditions respectively. First, measure the operating conditions without additives. It takes about 3 minutes for the gasoline engine to reach a stable state. Measure power, speed, fuel consumption, exhaust temperature, CO and HC concentration in the exhaust. Repeat the measurement 3 to 5 times for each status point and calculate the average to reduce the measurement error. Repeat the above 6 stable operating points to measure the operating parameters with additives. The standards referenced when measuring are JB3743-84 (Automotive Engine Performance Test Method) and GB3847-83 The changes in parameters such as CO concentration, HC concentration, fuel consumption rate, exhaust temperature, and rotational speed were measured at these six operating points. The change relationships are shown in Figures 1 to 4. From Figure 1, 2 It can be seen that after adding additives, the harmful components CO and HC in gasoline engine emissions are reduced a lot, and the improvement is more obvious under high-speed conditions than at low-speed conditions. This may be because after adding additives, the ions of metal organic salts in the additives burn at high temperatures. It has a certain impact on the structure of the fuel molecules, which greatly reduces the activation energy of the (1_H bond) of the fuel molecules, greatly increasing the number of activated molecules. At the same time, due to the transfer of oxygen in the metal oxide, the fork effectively promotes It improves combustion and reduces the content of harmful components in emissions. It may also be due to the transfer process of oxygen in metal oxides at high temperatures (that is, the thermal decomposition of metal oxides) and the chain reaction of the combustion process than at low temperatures. It is faster and more intense, making the combustion at high speed (higher cylinder temperature) more complete than at low speed. Therefore, the emission improvement under high speed conditions is better than that under low speed conditions. As can be seen from Figure 3, the performance of the gasoline engine after adding additives is better. The fuel consumption rate is reduced. This is because the additives make the fuel burn completely and rapidly, making the gas expand more fully. Therefore, the torque is increased, the power is increased, and the fuel consumption rate is reduced. After adding the additives, the hydrocarbons are reduced by 30.1%. If carbon monoxide is reduced by 20%, the fuel consumption rate can be reduced by more than 2.5%. Figure 4 shows the changes in exhaust temperature. It can be seen from the figure that after adding additives, the exhaust temperature decreases under the same working conditions, which shows that the additives make the fuel burn. It is more complete and the after-burning period is reduced. At the same time, because the additive accelerates the combustion of the fuel, the gas expansion (work) is more complete, the heat energy utilization rate is high, and the exhaust temperature is reduced. 4. Conclusion After bench testing of Siyoupu raw liquid additives, the following conclusions are reached: (1) The method of adding additives to fuel can reduce the energy consumption of internal combustion engines, especially gasoline engines. Emitting carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in exhaust gas is one of the effective methods. (2) When using additives, there is no need to change the internal structure of the internal combustion engine, and the amount of additives is relatively small. The cost is very low, and the use of non-toxic and neutral additive formula will not cause new pollution, so it is a simple technical measure to save energy and reduce harmful emissions. (3) This test was developed for gasoline engines. The additive used was measured by bench comparison tests to reduce hydrocarbons by 30.1%, carbon monoxide by 2O%, and the fuel saving rate was above 2.5%. References 1: Liu Jingyin’s discussion on some issues in the implementation of automobile emission regulations Small internal combustion engines. 1997.6:10-l4 2: Zhao Zhihua. Air pollution caused by motor vehicles and prevention and control strategies. Environmental protection. 1998．2 42～44 3 Yao Yuyang． Xu Sidu New development of diesel engine harmful emission control technology. Internal combustion engine engineering. 1997. 3:39～45 4 Feng Mingzhi. Xiao Yunming Liu Guichun et al. Research and application of multi-fuel combustion-supporting state in diesel engines. Journal of Internal Combustion Engines. 1995, (1): 90～95 5 [Hitaguchi Nagabei supports ifl and publishes the patent bulletin (A). Showa 61-127792.1986, June 6 Lu Jun. Chen Li． Diesel Catalytic Combustion California Preparation and Application Energy Saving Technology 1997, (3): 18～19 AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGAT10N INT0 REDUCT10N 0F FUEL C0NSUMPT10N AND EM ISS10N 0F GAS0LINE ENGINE BY FUEL ADDITIVE Jian Qi／ei Liang Rongguang Weng Yibi Luo Shengping Lin Qi Ou Zhicheng (ColIege of Traffic and Communication, South China Univ. of Tech., Guangzhou 510640) Abstract An effective method to reduce gasoline engine emi~ion is the application of fuel combu- rant additives, whose effect on the combustion processes has been analyzed in this paper． On the basis of optimization, an efficient fuel co-mburant additive for gasoline engine has been developed and tested in type EQ6100 gasoline engine． The experimental results indicate that this comburant additive can reduce emission hydrocarbo n by 30.1% and carbon monoxide by 20% and lowers the fuel consumption by above 2.5% Key words gaso line engine；fuel additive；energy saving；emission