In 2005, Israeli economist robert aumann and American economist Thomas Schelling won prizes for "strengthening our understanding of conflict and cooperation through game theory analysis".
Kidland, an economist born in Norway in 2004, and Prescott, an American economist. The two economists won prizes for their contributions to dynamic macroeconomics. Their research work explains how changes in economic policies and technologies drive business cycles.
In 2003, American economist Robert Engel and British economist clive granger. They invented "a statistical method to deal with two key characteristics of many economic time series: the rate of change and non-stationarity."
In 2002, Daniel Ka H of Princeton University (with dual American and Israeli citizenship) and Vernon Smith of George Mei Sen University in the United States. Daniel Ka H applied the comprehensive views of psychology to the study of economics, thus laying the foundation for a new research field. Vernon Smith laid the foundation of experimental economics. He developed a set of experimental research methods and set a reliable standard for economic research experiments.
200 1 Three American scholars George Eickel Love, Michael Spencer and joseph stiglitz. They have made important contributions in the field of "analyzing the market full of asymmetric information".
In 2000, James heckman of the University of Chicago and Daniel McFadden of the University of California, Berkeley. They have made contributions in the field of microeconomics. James heckman's development and contribution to the principle and method of analyzing selective sampling, and Daniel McFadden's development and contribution to the principle and method of analyzing discrete selection. "
1999 Robert Mandre, a professor at Columbia University, made a far-reaching analysis of monetary and fiscal policies and optimal currency areas under different exchange rate systems.
Amartya Sen, born in India from 65438 to 0998, has made contributions to several major issues of welfare economics, including the theory of social choice, the definition of welfare and poverty standards, and the research on scarcity.
1997 American economists Myron Scholes and Robert Merton. The former gives the famous Black-Scholes option pricing formula, which becomes the thinking method of financial institutions involving new financial products; The latter further weakens the assumption on which the Black-Scholes formula depends and generalizes it in many aspects.
1996 British James Mirrlees and American william vickrey. The former has made great contributions to the theoretical field of information economics, especially to the discussion of economic incentive theory under asymmetric information conditions; The latter has made great contributions to information economics, incentive theory and game theory.
1995 American Robert Lucas. Advocated and developed the application theory of rational expectation and macroeconomic research, deepened people's understanding of economic policy, and put forward unique views on economic cycle theory.
From 65438 to 0994, American John Hasani, American john nash and German Reinhard Selten made pioneering contributions to the equilibrium analysis theory of non-cooperative games, and exerted great influence on game theory and economics.
1993 Americans Robert vogel and Douglas north. The former reinterprets the past economic development process with new economic history theory and mathematical tools; The latter established the "institutional change theory" including property right theory, state theory and ideology theory.
1992 American Gary Baker. He extended microeconomic theory to the analysis of human interaction, including market behavior.
Ronald coase, 199 1 Englishman, revealed and expounded the importance of transaction costs and property rights in the structure and function of economic system.
From 65438 to 0990, Americans Harry markowitz, merton miller and william sharpe made pioneering work in financial economics.
1989 Norwegian Trev Havimer, who established the basic guiding principles of modern econometrics.
Maurice Alaez, a Frenchman from 65438 to 0988, made a pioneering contribution to the market theory and the effective utilization of resources, and expounded the general equilibrium theory systematically again.
Robert Solo, an American from 65438 to 0987, contributed to the theory of economic growth. It is pointed out that long-term economic growth mainly depends on technological progress, rather than the input of capital and labor.
1986 james buchanan, an American, combined the analysis of political decision-making with economic theory, thus expanding the application of economic analysis to the selection of social, political, laws and regulations.
Franco Modigliani (65438-0985), an Italian, first put forward the life cycle hypothesis of savings, which was widely used in the study of household and enterprise savings.
1984 Richard Si Tong Si Tong (1913-1991), the father of national economic statistics from Britain, made a fundamental contribution to the development of the national accounts system and greatly improved the foundation of economic practice analysis.
Gerald debru (1983) and Americans (192 1-) summed up Pareto optimal theory and founded the existence theorem of social equilibrium in commodity economy.
George stigler (1982) Americans (191-kloc-0/991) have made great creative contributions to the industrial structure, the role of the market and the role and influence of public economic laws and regulations.
James Tobin (198 1) American (19 18-) expounded and developed a series of Keynesian theories and macro models of fiscal and monetary policies. He has made important contributions to the analysis of financial markets and related expenditure decisions, employment, products and prices.
Lawrence R. Klein (1980) Americans (1920-) established a mathematical model of the economic system based on economic theory and empirical estimation based on actual data in the real economy.
1979 william arthur lewis Americans (1915-1991) theodore schultz Americans (1902-) made a pioneering study on economic development.
Herbert a Simon (1978) Americans (19 16-) studied the decision-making procedure in economic organizations. This basic theory about decision-making procedure is recognized as an original idea about the actual decision-making of companies and enterprises.
1977, Gothard Bertil Ohlin of Sweden (1899-1979) and James Edward Meade of Britain (1907-) made pioneering research on international trade theory and international capital flow.
1976 milton friedman Americans (19 12-) founded the monetarism theory and put forward the hypothesis of permanent income.
1975 Leonid Vitalyevich Kantorovich, Soviet (19 12- 1986), Garin Koopmans (TJALLING C. KOOPMANS), American (1986). They contributed to the theory of optimal allocation of resources.
1974 Friedrich August von Hayek, Australian (1899- 1982), Swedish Carl gunnar Murdahl (1898- 1987), they have a deep understanding of monetary theory and economy.
1973, the Soviet vasily Leontief (19 16-) developed the input-output method and applied it to many important economic problems.
1972 John R. Hicks, British (1904- 1989), Kenneth J. Arrow, American (192 1-), they studied deeply.
Simon Kuznets (197 1) Americans (190 1- 1985) have made great contributions to the study of the relationship between population development trend and population structure on economic growth and income distribution.
Paul a summer is an American. He developed mathematics and dynamic economic theory and raised economic science to a new level. His research covers all fields of economics.
1969 Norwegian ragnar frisch (1895-1973) and Dutch Jan timbergen (1903-1994) developed a dynamic model to analyze the economic process. The former is the founder of econometrics, and the latter is the father of the builder of econometric model.