Nowadays, when an automobile engine is introduced, variable valve timing technology, double overhead camshaft technology, in-cylinder direct injection technology, VCM cylinder management technology and turbocharging technology have been widely used. The materials used are also developing in the direction of lightweight: all-aluminum engines have been widely used at present; Automobile pollution is inevitable, so new energy technologies, including diesel engine high-pressure rail, fuel cell, hybrid power, pure electric power and biofuel technology, have also begun to spread. But looking back on the history of engines, we may better understand the great changes that have taken place in automobile technology in the past 100 years.
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VQ35 Top Ten Engines
The rapid development of automobile technology can also be seen from the automobile textbooks in China: the development of new technology has made it difficult for automobile textbooks to keep up with the pace! At present, most automobile teaching materials still take Dongfeng engine as an example. Dongfeng engine is still an old-fashioned engine of carburetor, which is almost separated from today's all-electronic engine for centuries.
Exploration stage before gasoline engine
Back in auto start, the car was laughed at by the carriage at that time, which caused serious pollution, but the significance of starting was extraordinary.
/kloc-in the middle of the 0/8th century, Watt invented the steam engine, and people began to imagine putting the steam engine on a car to carry people.
N.J.Cugnot of France was the first person to install a steam engine in a car.
1770, Guniu built a three-wheeled steam locomotive.
With a total length of 7.23 meters and a speed of 3.5 kilometers per hour, it is the first steam locomotive in the world.
177 1 year, Cournot improved steam car, with a speed of 9.5 kilometers per hour, pulling 4-5 tons of goods.
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Steam engine car
1858, Renault, who lived in Paris, France, invented the gas engine and applied for a patent in 1860.
The engine uses the mixture of gas and air to replace the steam of the reciprocating steam engine, uses batteries and induction coils to generate electric sparks, and uses the electric sparks to ignite the mixture and explode.
This engine has a cylinder, a piston, a connecting rod and a flywheel.
Gas engine is the primary product of internal combustion engine, because the compression ratio of gas engine is zero.
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Noun (short for noun) Kunot
1867, inspired by Reno's development of gas engines, Nicolaus August Otto, a German, made a lot of research on gas engines and made a horizontal pneumatic gas engine. After improvement, his samples were exhibited at the international exhibition held in France in 1878.
Because of its high working efficiency, this engine has aroused great interest of visitors.
In the long-term research process, Otto put forward the four-stroke theory of internal combustion engine, which laid a theoretical foundation for the invention of internal combustion engine.
Germans Omray and karl benz developed their own modern gasoline engine according to the principle of Otto engine, paving the way for the development of automobiles.
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Mercedes-Benz 1 is equipped with a single-cylinder two-stroke gasoline engine.
1886 is the birth day of the car, and that Mercedes-Benz has always been talked about.
But its power plant is really "shabby": the first "three-wheeled Mercedes-Benz" is equipped with a horizontal single-cylinder two-stroke gasoline engine with a top speed of16 km/h.
This is the engine of the first car. At that time, Carl Benz's brave wife needed her son's cart to drive this Mercedes-Benz 1 uphill. Of course, the engine was turned off all the way, and the steering wheel didn't work. 100km. It took me a whole day to go back to my parents' home.
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Working diagram of four-stroke engine
The four-stroke engine was actually invented by Otto, a German.
But Daimler has to be mentioned in the application car. He became the first person to install a four-stroke engine on a car because he helped Otto develop the four-stroke engine.
Obviously, from four-stroke to two-stroke is a great progress.
The four-stroke engine has better balance and combustion efficiency.
Now the automobile engine technology has basically adopted the four-stroke technology.
However, after the basic operation mode of the engine was determined, some people once again challenged the tradition.
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Mazda special rotary engine 1957 and German Wankel invented rotary piston engine, which is an important branch of gasoline engine development.
The characteristic of rotary engine is that the triangle piston motion is directly converted into rotary motion by combining the inner rotor epicycloid and the outer rotor epicycloid, without crankshaft connecting rod and valve train.
Compared with reciprocating piston gasoline, it has 40% fewer parts, light weight, small volume, high speed and high power.
1958, Wankel changed the outer rotor into a fixed rotor with planetary motion, and made a new rotary piston engine with power of 22.79 kW and speed of 5500 rpm.
This machine has important development value, so it has attracted the attention of all countries.
Japan Toyo Company (Mazda Company) purchased the prototype of the rotary engine and installed it on the car. It can be said that the rotary engine was born in Germany and grew up in Japan.
Today, the rotary engine is still only used by Mazda. I don't know when Mazda's unique technology will fully blossom.
After the working form of the engine is determined, the engine technology is perfect. With the passage of time, many classic engine designs can no longer meet people's needs.