(1) High hardness and high wear resistance
Before cutting metal, the hardness of the tool material must be higher than that of the processed material, which is an essential basic requirement of the tool material. The hardness of existing tool materials is above 60HRC. The harder the tool material, the better the wear resistance. However, due to the complex cutting conditions, the wear resistance of materials also depends on the stability of their chemical composition and metallographic structure.
(2) It has sufficient strength and toughness.
The material of the cutting part of the tool bears great cutting force and impulse when cutting. Tool materials must have sufficient strength and toughness.
(3) Good thermal conductivity. High thermal conductivity means that the better the thermal conductivity, the heat capacity generated by cutting will be conducted out, thus reducing the temperature of the cutting part and reducing tool wear. Tools with good thermal conductivity have enhanced thermal shock resistance and thermal cracking resistance.
(4) Anti-adhesion, which prevents the molecules of the workpiece and the tool material from absorbing each other under the action of high temperature and high pressure to produce adhesion.
(5) Tools with stable chemical properties are not easy to react with surrounding media at high temperature.
(6) Good manufacturability and economy. In order to facilitate manufacturing, the tool material should have good manufacturability, such as forging, heat treatment and grinding performance.
Fixture requirements
(1) Try to use universal fixtures such as adjustable fixtures and combined fixtures, avoid using special fixtures, and shorten the production preparation time.
(2) Only special fixtures are considered for mass production, and the structure is simple.
(3) Workpiece loading and unloading should be quick and convenient to reduce the downtime of the machine tool.
(4) The fixture should be installed on the machine tool accurately and reliably to ensure that the workpiece is processed in the correct position.