National Health Commission, officially released, pointed out in the newly revised National Diagnosis and Treatment Plan for New Pneumonia that there are no effective antiviral drugs for antiviral treatment at present.
But! Can I try? Interferon aerosol inhalation, 5 million units for adults each time, 2 ml sterile water for injection, twice a day;
You can also use the antiviral drug Lopinavir/Ritonavir, 2 capsules each time, twice a day.
In the early stage of infection, interferon can help the body to produce a natural immune response to resist the virus, so that patients can get through the acute stage and avoid high-level immune damage in the later stage, but! Interferon is not suitable for the middle and late stage of the disease, because the immune response of the body has been excessive at this time, and the immune response of the body itself is the most important fatal factor.
Reports in the literature:
Some studies have suggested that macaques, as animal models of SARS-CoV infection, should be used preventively three days before infection? Long-acting interferon, the results show that after the application of interferon, the virus stops secreting from the pharynx, the amount of virus in the lungs is also significantly reduced, and the pathology is also significantly improved, indicating the application? The preventive effect of long-acting interferon is better.
There are also literatures that study the inhibitory effects of three different types of interferon on SARS-CoV virus. Interferon has the best effect and the strongest anti-SARS ability. What is the official recommendation of novel coronavirus? Interferon aerosol inhalation, interferon is possible. You can also use interferon. Interferon has the worst effect.
Lopinavir and ritonavir are protease inhibitors, which can inhibit coronavirus from assembling into a complete virus before and after infection.
What needs to be clear here is that ordinary people who suspect that they have been in contact with people in high-risk cities in the past and are worried about being infected can use these two drugs for prevention, but if they wear masks when going out and have not been in contact with suspicious people, they don't need to use drugs for prevention for the time being.
In addition, how to judge the suspect? In the revised version of the National New Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Plan, it is also clear that if two conditions are met, it is judged as a suspected case:
1. Epidemiological history: having a history of traveling or staying in Wuhan within two weeks before onset; Or had contact with patients with fever and respiratory symptoms from Wuhan within 0/4 days before onset/kloc-,or had cluster onset.
Second, clinical manifestations: fever; It has the imaging characteristics of pneumonia; At the beginning of the disease, the total number of white blood cells is normal or decreased, or the lymphocyte count is decreased.
Among them, chest imaging showed that the patient showed multiple small patches and interstitial changes in the early stage, especially in the outer lung. Then it developed into multiple ground glass shadows and infiltration shadows in both lungs. In severe cases, lung consolidation can occur, and pleural effusion is rare.
Compared with suspected cases, the requirements for confirmed cases are as follows: on the basis of meeting the standards of suspected cases, real-time fluorescence RT-PCR should be used to carry out novel coronavirus nucleic acid positive monitoring on sputum, throat swabs, lower respiratory secretions and other samples; Or viral gene sequencing with high homology to known novel coronavirus.
Where is the clinical manifestation diagnosis and treatment plan? Clinical manifestations? It is pointed out that fever, fatigue and dry cough are the main manifestations. Upper respiratory symptoms such as nasal congestion and runny nose are rare. About half of the patients developed dyspnea after one week, and severe cases quickly progressed to acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis that was difficult to correct, and bleeding and coagulation dysfunction.
If it is really unfortunate to be infected, how to use the medicine is a doctor's business. In addition to the above drugs, according to dyspnea and chest infection, glucocorticoid methylprednisolone and other drugs can be used for a short time.
Regarding whether antibiotics can be used, Dr. Yao's point of view: from the situation of SARS in 2003, there are many pathogens infected at the same time, including chlamydia, mycoplasma and Legionella. These pathogens are sensitive to fluoroquinolones or macrolides, so it is necessary to strengthen bacteriological monitoring and apply antibacterial drugs in time when there is evidence of secondary bacterial infection.
Patients often have obvious T lymphocyte reduction, and the possibility of using glucocorticoid obviously increases the chance of infection. Prophylactic use of antibiotics is desirable in these patients.
Dr. Yao's series of popular science articles on preventing coronavirus infection, welcome to read and forward!
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