With the rapid development of digital economy, major economies have strengthened top-level design and market supervision. On the macro strategy of digital economy, the United States and the European Union set up the U.S.-Europe Trade and Technology Committee and reached cooperation on digital technology and key policies of its supply chain. Based on the digital strategy of Europe, the European Union issued Digital Compass 2030, which made specific arrangements in digital talent training, digital infrastructure construction and digital upgrading. Japan has set up a digital office through the Digital Reform Association Act to promote the informationization and standardization of government agencies. In the cryptocurrency market, its "barbaric growth" has been suppressed. The United States has taken a series of actions, including sanctions and legislation, to crack down on illegal acts such as extortion attacks using cryptocurrency. The financial leaders of the Group of Seven jointly issued the guidelines of the Central Bank digital currency (CBDC), put forward the principle of 13 public policy, and made specific arrangements for digital payment, inclusive finance and anti-money laundering. India has promulgated the Encrypted Assets Act, which aims to prohibit the trading of digital assets. Singapore banned Qian 'an, the world's largest digital currency exchange, from conducting unauthorized payment services in its territory, which led to the closure of Qian 'an's new cryptocurrency business.
The situation of network and data security is becoming more and more severe, and various economies are constantly strengthening supervision. Hacking attacks around the world are often large-scale and organized. For example, the ransomware LockBit 2.0 invaded more than 50 organizations in 1 1 countries around the world. BlackMatter hacker organization announced the formation of ransomware ecological alliance, which made the hacking attack show the trend of full chain cooperation. The increasingly rampant cyber attacks have brought great risks and challenges to all countries. For example, the health data of about 40 million people in the United States have been leaked; The online information of about 6.5 million voters in Israel was leaked; Argentina's national population identity information was leaked and sold. In this regard, various economies have continuously introduced new measures for network security protection. The United States issued the "Interim Guide to National Security Strategy", which identified "network security and digital threats" as the top priority of American and global security; The Senate passed a homeland security appropriation bill, which increased the budget of the Cyber Security and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) by 30% to $2.638 billion. The Council of the European Union announced the establishment of the "European Cyber Security Industry, Technology and Research Capability Center" to coordinate the cyber security actions of EU member States and share threat information. Russia amended the personal data law to prohibit any enterprise from transmitting data to a third party. Britain announced the establishment of the national cyber force headquarters to counter potential opponents in cyberspace. China has implemented laws and regulations such as the Personal Information Protection Law, the Data Security Law, and Several Provisions on the Safety Management of Automobile Data (for Trial Implementation) to strengthen the legal protection of information security.
The first year of the yuan universe triggered a craze, and some national governments and large-scale scientific and technological enterprises entered the game one after another. The American Facebook company changed its name to Meta, and announced that it would welcome the hyperuniverse with a new look, and was the first to launch the Horizon Worlds hyperuniverse experience space; Microsoft focuses on developing the meta-universe business of collaborative office; NVIDIA released Omniverse Meta-Universe Platform to provide collaboration infrastructure for engineering and art creators. Seoul City Government of South Korea issued the "Five-year Plan of Meta-Universe Seoul" to invest in building a digital city. A number of cryptographic asset companies in Japan have established the Meta-Universe Association as a non-governmental organization to explore the combination of virtual assets and reality. Barbados announced the establishment of embassies in scattered places, which is a meta-cosmic platform, tentatively scheduled to open in June 5438 +2022 10.
The supervision of technology giants has become an important task for governments all over the world, and problems such as platform monopoly and the proliferation of prohibited content have been rectified. The United States has brought the supervision of online platforms into the category of counter-terrorism and acknowledged that online platforms play a key role in "bringing violent thoughts into the mainstream society". Russia has promulgated a federal law requiring foreign Internet companies with more than 500,000 active users in Russia and Japan to set up offices in Russia. Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry has designated three American companies, Amazon, Google and Apple, and two Japanese companies, Yahoo Japan and Lotte, as the applicable objects of the Law on Improving the Transparency and Fairness of Specific Digital Platforms. South Korea's National Assembly has passed an amendment to the Electricity and Communications Business Law, prohibiting app store providers such as Apple and Google from forcing software developers to use their payment systems and charging high commissions.
The semiconductor industry has experienced a "cold winter", and various economies have taken many measures to meet the challenge of core shortage. According to the research of Goldman Sachs, industries that invest more than 1% of their output value in chips are affected by the shortage of chips. To this end, the United States, Japan and South Korea and other countries have proposed a number of incentive policies to prevent risks such as semiconductor supply chain breakage. The United States issued the "100-day Review Report on Key Product Supply Chain", which provided a policy basis for further strengthening investment, alliance cooperation and export control in the semiconductor field. The Senate passed the American Innovation and Competition Act, and plans to allocate 52 billion US dollars to subsidize domestic chip production in the United States. Taylor, Texas, USA announced a substantial reduction in the property tax of South Korea's Samsung Company to attract it to build a factory. Japan issued the "Semiconductor Digital Industry Strategy", and announced the allocation of 600 billion yen (about 5.2 billion US dollars) to support companies such as TSMC in Taiwan Province Province of China and Micron in the United States to set up factories in Japan. South Korea held the "K Semiconductor Strategy Report" and announced the semiconductor strategy plan. It is planned to invest 5 10 trillion won (about 428.7 billion US dollars) to build a chip manufacturing base in the next10 year.
Artificial intelligence technology has been developed in many aspects, and ethical and normative issues continue to be concerned. 202 1 artificial intelligence has made remarkable progress in specific technical fields such as basic research, pattern recognition and intelligent information processing. Google Inc. of the United States launched the super language model Switch Transformer. The model has 1.6 trillion parameters, which is excellent in natural language processing ability. Cerebras announced the development of the world's first artificial intelligence cluster with the total number of parameters exceeding the total number of synapses in Superman's brain, which greatly improved the speed of training neural networks. GauGAN2 artificial intelligence system introduced by NVIDIA can synthesize landscape images according to text descriptions. Ultra-high-pixel 3D point cloud synthetic imaging is realized at Herun-Nuremberg University, which is expected to expand the boundaries for applications such as virtual reality. At the same time, policy makers pay more and more attention to the ethics and norms of artificial intelligence. The National Defense Innovation Council of the United States issued the Guide to Responsible Artificial Intelligence to ensure the construction of a fair, responsible and transparent artificial intelligence system. The European Union issued the policy proposals of "Europe Adapting to the Digital Age: Regulatory Framework for Artificial Intelligence" and "202 1 Coordination Plan for Artificial Intelligence" to seek a balance between supervision and development. Russia signed its first code of ethics for artificial intelligence as part of Russia's 20 17-2030 information society development strategy. The United Kingdom issued a national artificial intelligence strategy with a view to "consolidating its leading position in the field of responsible artificial intelligence".
Quantum technology highlights frequently, and breakthrough achievements are constantly emerging. Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology jointly developed a 256-bit quantum simulator, which can simulate more quantum states than atoms in the solar system. Google has successfully achieved exponential growth in error correction ability in "Sycamore" quantum computer; IBM introduced Eagle, a 127-bit quantum computer. China University of Science and Technology achieved 500 km on-site optical fiber quantum communication, setting a new world record; The quantum computers "Zu Chongzhi Ⅱ" and "Chapter IX Ⅱ" have been developed, reaching the world leading level in the field of superconductivity and optical quantum computers. The University of Sussex in the United Kingdom has achieved high-precision detection of human brain neurons through quantum sensors. The Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics in Germany has realized the nondestructive detection of entangled photons, and the motion of a single photon in the optical fiber has been detected twice.
Trend Prospect of World Information Field in 2022
Central banks and enterprises in many countries promoted the digital currency test, and the practical process of statutory digital currency accelerated. The Bank of Korea has built the digital currency experimental platform, and plans to enter the second phase of the experiment in 2022. The Russian central bank will test the prototype of the "digital ruble" in 2022 and draft regulatory norms. The Bank of Japan launched the digital currency issuance test and will review the availability of CBDC functions in 2022; More than 70 companies, including Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Mizuho Financial Group and Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group, have established the digital currency Alliance, and its digital currency DCJPY is scheduled to circulate in 2022. The Bank of India is expected to start the pilot project in digital currency in the first quarter of fiscal year 2022, and check whether the related technologies are decentralized and can bypass intermediaries.
The scale of semiconductor industry is expanding, and the competition of advanced technology is developing in the direction of refinement. On the market side, due to the expansion of demand in consumer electronics, automobiles, cloud computing and other industries, semiconductor business activities are becoming more frequent and the industrial scale is expanding. The World Semiconductor Statistics Organization predicts that the output value of the global semiconductor market will reach 573.4 billion US dollars in 2022, up 8.8% year-on-year. Deloitte Global predicts that global venture capital institutions will invest more than $6 billion in semiconductor start-ups in 2022. American consulting firm IC Insights predicts that the global semiconductor market will grow by 22% in 2022. In terms of advanced technology, the chip manufacturing process is further miniaturized. The chip process node "20A" released by Intel Corporation of the United States will become the world leader in 2025. TSMC in Taiwan Province Province, China has started trial production of 3 nm test wafers, and it is expected to enter the stage of mass production and capacity improvement in the fourth quarter of 2022. South Korea's Samsung has successfully laid out 3-nanometer chips and developed related design tools and technologies. It plans to mass-produce 3-nanometer chips in 2022 and 2-nanometer chips in 2025. IBM cooperated with Samsung to launch vertical transmission field effect transistor (VTFET), which greatly reduced the power consumption of the chip while reducing the manufacturing process of the chip. Belgian Microelectronics Research Center, together with Tokyo Electronics, ASML and other companies, has drawn up a road map, and plans to mass-produce 1 nano-chips in 2027 and 0.7-nano-chips after 2029.
Multi-economies promote 6G technology research and development and cooperation, and 6G vision and technical route are clearer. The United States and South Korea decided to reach R&D cooperation in the field of 6G through the "US-South Korea Summit", with a total investment of 3.5 billion US dollars, forming patent and industrial advantages. The EU launched the Hexa-X project for two and a half years under the framework of Horizon 2020 to develop the 6G ecosystem. Japan's Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications issued a comprehensive strategy of "Beyond 5G", hoping to increase the market share of 6G; Information and communication research institutions will invest 20 billion yen (about 654.38+77 billion US dollars) and plan to promote government-civilian research in 2022; NTT plans to cooperate with global 100 enterprises through IOWN technology platform to explore 6G core technologies such as photoelectric integration. The Ministry of Science, Information and Communication Technology of Korea announced the "6G R&D Implementation Plan", and plans to invest 220 billion won (about 654.38+87 billion US dollars) in the next five years to promote the research and development of ten strategic technologies in six key areas.
Countries have accelerated the layout of quantum technology, and relevant policies have formed important support. The U.S. Congress has proposed a number of quantum information science bills, such as the Quantum User Expansion Act and the Quantum Network Infrastructure Act, to enhance the leadership of the United States in the quantum field. France has announced a five-year investment plan for quantum technology with a value of/kloc-0.8 billion euros, aiming to rank among the "top three in the world". Germany will spend about 2 billion euros in the next five years to develop quantum computers and related application technologies, and vigorously build a "quantum valley" in Munich. The British government and IBM announced a five-year cooperative research plan on artificial intelligence and quantum computing worth 2 1 100 million pounds to promote research in life sciences and manufacturing industries. Russia indicated that its quantum communication line will be put into commercial operation in 10- 15 years, and its prototype has been put into use. Australia announced that quantum information technology has been listed as one of the nine technical fields related to national interests, and allocated a research and development budget of 654.38 billion Australian dollars (about 73 million US dollars).
Brief introduction of the author
Tang Ganchen, the fourth room and third-level analyst of itei Research.
Research direction: strategy, technology and industrial frontier in the information field.
Contact :tangqc@drciite.org.
Zhai, Research Assistant, No.4 Laboratory of itei.
Research direction: strategy, technology and industrial frontier in the information field.
Contact :zhaily@drciite.org.